New Parvovirus Associated with Serum Hepatitis in Horses after Inoculation of Common Biological Product

Thomas J Divers; Bud C Tennant; Arvind Kumar; Sean McDonough; John Cullen; Nishit Bhuva; Komal Jain; Lokendra Singh Chauhan; Troels Kasper Høyer Scheel; W Ian Lipkin; Melissa Laverack; Sheetal Trivedi; Satyapramod Srinivasa; Laurie Beard; Charles M Rice; Peter D Burbelo; Randall W Renshaw; Edward Dubovi; Amit Kapoor

doi:10.3201/eid2402.171031

New Parvovirus Associated with Serum Hepatitis in Horses after Inoculation of Common Biological Product

Thomas J Divers, Bud C Tennant, Arvind Kumar, Sean McDonough, John Cullen, Nishit Bhuva, Komal Jain, Lokendra Singh Chauhan, Troels Kasper Høyer Scheel, W Ian Lipkin, Melissa Laverack, Sheetal Trivedi, Satyapramod Srinivasa, Laurie Beard, Charles M Rice, Peter D Burbelo, Randall W Renshaw, Edward Dubovi, Amit Kapoor

33 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Equine serum hepatitis (i.e., Theiler's disease) is a serious and often life-threatening disease of unknown etiology that affects horses. A horse in Nebraska, USA, with serum hepatitis died 65 days after treatment with equine-origin tetanus antitoxin. We identified an unknown parvovirus in serum and liver of the dead horse and in the administered antitoxin. The equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) shares <50% protein identity with its phylogenetic relatives of the genus Copiparvovirus. Next, we experimentally infected 2 horses using a tetanus antitoxin contaminated with EqPV-H. Viremia developed, the horses seroconverted, and acute hepatitis developed that was confirmed by clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic testing. We also determined that EqPV-H is an endemic infection because, in a cohort of 100 clinically normal adult horses, 13 were viremic and 15 were seropositive. We identified a new virus associated with equine serum hepatitis and confirmed its pathogenicity and transmissibility through contaminated biological products.

Original language	English
Journal	Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume	24
Issue number	2
Pages (from-to)	303-310
Number of pages	8
ISSN	1080-6040
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2402.171031
Publication status	Published - Feb 2018

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Divers, T. J., Tennant, B. C., Kumar, A., McDonough, S., Cullen, J., Bhuva, N., Jain, K., Chauhan, L. S., Scheel, T. K. H., Lipkin, W. I., Laverack, M., Trivedi, S., Srinivasa, S., Beard, L., Rice, C. M., Burbelo, P. D., Renshaw, R. W., Dubovi, E., & Kapoor, A. (2018). New Parvovirus Associated with Serum Hepatitis in Horses after Inoculation of Common Biological Product. Emerging Infectious Diseases , 24(2), 303-310. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2402.171031

Divers, TJ, Tennant, BC, Kumar, A, McDonough, S, Cullen, J, Bhuva, N, Jain, K, Chauhan, LS, Scheel, TKH, Lipkin, WI, Laverack, M, Trivedi, S, Srinivasa, S, Beard, L, Rice, CM, Burbelo, PD, Renshaw, RW, Dubovi, E & Kapoor, A 2018, 'New Parvovirus Associated with Serum Hepatitis in Horses after Inoculation of Common Biological Product', Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 303-310. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2402.171031

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title = "New Parvovirus Associated with Serum Hepatitis in Horses after Inoculation of Common Biological Product",

abstract = "Equine serum hepatitis (i.e., Theiler's disease) is a serious and often life-threatening disease of unknown etiology that affects horses. A horse in Nebraska, USA, with serum hepatitis died 65 days after treatment with equine-origin tetanus antitoxin. We identified an unknown parvovirus in serum and liver of the dead horse and in the administered antitoxin. The equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) shares <50% protein identity with its phylogenetic relatives of the genus Copiparvovirus. Next, we experimentally infected 2 horses using a tetanus antitoxin contaminated with EqPV-H. Viremia developed, the horses seroconverted, and acute hepatitis developed that was confirmed by clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic testing. We also determined that EqPV-H is an endemic infection because, in a cohort of 100 clinically normal adult horses, 13 were viremic and 15 were seropositive. We identified a new virus associated with equine serum hepatitis and confirmed its pathogenicity and transmissibility through contaminated biological products.",

author = "Divers, {Thomas J} and Tennant, {Bud C} and Arvind Kumar and Sean McDonough and John Cullen and Nishit Bhuva and Komal Jain and Chauhan, {Lokendra Singh} and Scheel, {Troels Kasper H{\o}yer} and Lipkin, {W Ian} and Melissa Laverack and Sheetal Trivedi and Satyapramod Srinivasa and Laurie Beard and Rice, {Charles M} and Burbelo, {Peter D} and Renshaw, {Randall W} and Edward Dubovi and Amit Kapoor",

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AU - Divers, Thomas J

AU - Tennant, Bud C

AU - Kumar, Arvind

AU - McDonough, Sean

AU - Cullen, John

AU - Bhuva, Nishit

AU - Jain, Komal

AU - Chauhan, Lokendra Singh

AU - Scheel, Troels Kasper Høyer

AU - Lipkin, W Ian

AU - Laverack, Melissa

AU - Trivedi, Sheetal

AU - Srinivasa, Satyapramod

AU - Beard, Laurie

AU - Rice, Charles M

AU - Burbelo, Peter D

AU - Renshaw, Randall W

AU - Dubovi, Edward

AU - Kapoor, Amit

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N2 - Equine serum hepatitis (i.e., Theiler's disease) is a serious and often life-threatening disease of unknown etiology that affects horses. A horse in Nebraska, USA, with serum hepatitis died 65 days after treatment with equine-origin tetanus antitoxin. We identified an unknown parvovirus in serum and liver of the dead horse and in the administered antitoxin. The equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) shares <50% protein identity with its phylogenetic relatives of the genus Copiparvovirus. Next, we experimentally infected 2 horses using a tetanus antitoxin contaminated with EqPV-H. Viremia developed, the horses seroconverted, and acute hepatitis developed that was confirmed by clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic testing. We also determined that EqPV-H is an endemic infection because, in a cohort of 100 clinically normal adult horses, 13 were viremic and 15 were seropositive. We identified a new virus associated with equine serum hepatitis and confirmed its pathogenicity and transmissibility through contaminated biological products.

AB - Equine serum hepatitis (i.e., Theiler's disease) is a serious and often life-threatening disease of unknown etiology that affects horses. A horse in Nebraska, USA, with serum hepatitis died 65 days after treatment with equine-origin tetanus antitoxin. We identified an unknown parvovirus in serum and liver of the dead horse and in the administered antitoxin. The equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) shares <50% protein identity with its phylogenetic relatives of the genus Copiparvovirus. Next, we experimentally infected 2 horses using a tetanus antitoxin contaminated with EqPV-H. Viremia developed, the horses seroconverted, and acute hepatitis developed that was confirmed by clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic testing. We also determined that EqPV-H is an endemic infection because, in a cohort of 100 clinically normal adult horses, 13 were viremic and 15 were seropositive. We identified a new virus associated with equine serum hepatitis and confirmed its pathogenicity and transmissibility through contaminated biological products.

U2 - 10.3201/eid2402.171031

DO - 10.3201/eid2402.171031

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29350162

SN - 1080-6040

VL - 24

SP - 303

EP - 310

JO - Emerging Infectious Diseases

JF - Emerging Infectious Diseases

IS - 2

ER -

New Parvovirus Associated with Serum Hepatitis in Horses after Inoculation of Common Biological Product

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