TY - JOUR
T1 - Modelling of ammonia emissions from naturally ventilated livestock buildings
T2 - Part 2, air change modelling
AU - Bjerg, Bjarne Schmidt
AU - Liberati, Paolo
AU - Marucci, Alvaro
AU - Zhang, Guoqiang
AU - Banhazi, Thomas
AU - Bartzanas, Thomas
AU - Cascone, Giovanni
AU - Lee, In-Bok
AU - Norton, Tomas
N1 - Special Issue: Emissions from Naturally Ventilated Livestock Buildings
PY - 2013/11
Y1 - 2013/11
N2 - This review shows the theoretical background for development of lumped ventilation models that can be integrated into models that aim to aid either design or operation of low emission naturally-ventilated buildings. The strength of lumped parameter modelling methods is that they have the potential to include effects of varying outdoor climate conditions, varying heat production from animals and the building design, which allow estimation of ventilation rate and indoor air temperature and humidity, with acceptable calculation times.With regard to design of low emission buildings, significant challenges still exist in reflecting the spatial distribution of ammonia emission surfaces and the influence of air velocity above these surfaces.In relation to operation of natural ventilation systems, it is obvious that lumped parameter methods have the potential to aid automatic control systems that aim to optimise the adjustment of automatically controlled openings for natural ventilation in a way that prevents over-ventilation and, thereby, minimises ammonia emission, without compromising indoor aerial conditions. It is also foreseen that lumped parameter methods have the potential to optimise opening adjustment and exhaust strategies in hybrid ventilation systems. In these contexts, ventilation is can be combined with a partial pit exhaust ventilation system which makes it possible to collect a significant fraction of the entire ammonia emission in a limited air stream. This may make it affordable to utilise air cleaning technologies in conjunction with naturally ventilated animal buildings.
AB - This review shows the theoretical background for development of lumped ventilation models that can be integrated into models that aim to aid either design or operation of low emission naturally-ventilated buildings. The strength of lumped parameter modelling methods is that they have the potential to include effects of varying outdoor climate conditions, varying heat production from animals and the building design, which allow estimation of ventilation rate and indoor air temperature and humidity, with acceptable calculation times.With regard to design of low emission buildings, significant challenges still exist in reflecting the spatial distribution of ammonia emission surfaces and the influence of air velocity above these surfaces.In relation to operation of natural ventilation systems, it is obvious that lumped parameter methods have the potential to aid automatic control systems that aim to optimise the adjustment of automatically controlled openings for natural ventilation in a way that prevents over-ventilation and, thereby, minimises ammonia emission, without compromising indoor aerial conditions. It is also foreseen that lumped parameter methods have the potential to optimise opening adjustment and exhaust strategies in hybrid ventilation systems. In these contexts, ventilation is can be combined with a partial pit exhaust ventilation system which makes it possible to collect a significant fraction of the entire ammonia emission in a limited air stream. This may make it affordable to utilise air cleaning technologies in conjunction with naturally ventilated animal buildings.
U2 - 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2013.01.010
DO - 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2013.01.010
M3 - Journal article
SN - 1537-5110
VL - 116
SP - 246
EP - 258
JO - Biosystems Engineering
JF - Biosystems Engineering
IS - 3
ER -
