Mismatch negativity and P3a amplitude in young adolescents with first-episode psychosis: A comparison with ADHD

TY - JOUR

T1 - Mismatch negativity and P3a amplitude in young adolescents with first-episode psychosis

T2 - A comparison with ADHD

AU - Rydkjær, J.

AU - Møllegaard Jepsen, J. R.

AU - Pagsberg, A. K.

AU - Fagerlund, B.

AU - Glenthøj, B. Y.

AU - Oranje, B.

PY - 2017/1

Y1 - 2017/1

N2 - Background Deficient mismatch negativity (MMN) has been proposed as a candidate biomarker in schizophrenia and may therefore be potentially useful in early identification and intervention in early onset psychosis. In this study we explored whether deficits in the automatic orienting and reorienting responses, measured as MMN and P3a amplitude, are present in young adolescents with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and whether findings are specific to psychosis compared to young adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method MMN and P3a amplitude were assessed in young adolescents (age 12-17 years) with either FEP (N = 27) or ADHD (N = 28) and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (N = 43). The MMN paradigm consisted of a four-tone auditory oddball task with deviant stimuli based on frequency, duration and their combination. Results Significantly less MMN was found in patients with psychosis compared to healthy controls in response to frequency and duration deviants. MMN amplitudes in the group of patients with ADHD were not significantly different from patients with psychosis or healthy controls. No significant group differences were found on P3a amplitude. Conclusion Young adolescents with FEP showed impaired MMN compared to healthy controls while intermediate and overlapping levels of MMN were observed in adolescents with ADHD. The findings suggest that young FEP patients already exhibit pre-attentive deficits that are characteristic of schizophrenia albeit expressed on a continuum shared with other neuropsychiatric disorders.

AB - Background Deficient mismatch negativity (MMN) has been proposed as a candidate biomarker in schizophrenia and may therefore be potentially useful in early identification and intervention in early onset psychosis. In this study we explored whether deficits in the automatic orienting and reorienting responses, measured as MMN and P3a amplitude, are present in young adolescents with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and whether findings are specific to psychosis compared to young adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method MMN and P3a amplitude were assessed in young adolescents (age 12-17 years) with either FEP (N = 27) or ADHD (N = 28) and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (N = 43). The MMN paradigm consisted of a four-tone auditory oddball task with deviant stimuli based on frequency, duration and their combination. Results Significantly less MMN was found in patients with psychosis compared to healthy controls in response to frequency and duration deviants. MMN amplitudes in the group of patients with ADHD were not significantly different from patients with psychosis or healthy controls. No significant group differences were found on P3a amplitude. Conclusion Young adolescents with FEP showed impaired MMN compared to healthy controls while intermediate and overlapping levels of MMN were observed in adolescents with ADHD. The findings suggest that young FEP patients already exhibit pre-attentive deficits that are characteristic of schizophrenia albeit expressed on a continuum shared with other neuropsychiatric disorders.

KW - Biomarker

KW - electrophysiology

KW - neuropsychiatric disorder

KW - schizophrenia

U2 - 10.1017/S0033291716002518

DO - 10.1017/S0033291716002518

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 27776572

AN - SCOPUS:84992397382

SN - 0033-2917

VL - 47

SP - 377

EP - 388

JO - Psychological Medicine

JF - Psychological Medicine

IS - 2

ER -