Micro Methods for Megafauna: Novel Approaches to Late Quaternary Extinctions and Their Contributions to Faunal Conservation in the Anthropocene

Jillian A Swift; Michael Bunce; Joe Dortch; Kristina Douglass; J Tyler Faith; James A Fellows Yates; Judith Field; Simon G Haberle; Eileen Jacob; Chris N Johnson; Emily Lindsey; Eline D Lorenzen; Julien Louys; Gifford Miller; Alexis M Mychajliw; Viviane Slon; Natalia A Villavicencio; Michael R Waters; Frido Welker; Rachel Wood; Michael Petraglia; Nicole Boivin; Patrick Roberts

doi:10.1093/biosci/biz105

Micro Methods for Megafauna: Novel Approaches to Late Quaternary Extinctions and Their Contributions to Faunal Conservation in the Anthropocene

Jillian A Swift, Michael Bunce, Joe Dortch, Kristina Douglass, J Tyler Faith, James A Fellows Yates, Judith Field, Simon G Haberle, Eileen Jacob, Chris N Johnson, Emily Lindsey, Eline D Lorenzen, Julien Louys, Gifford Miller, Alexis M Mychajliw, Viviane Slon, Natalia A Villavicencio, Michael R Waters, Frido Welker, Rachel WoodMichael Petraglia, Nicole Boivin, Patrick Roberts

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Abstract

Drivers of Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions are relevant to modern conservation policy in a world of growing human population density, climate change, and faunal decline. Traditional debates tend toward global solutions, blaming either dramatic climate change or dispersals of Homo sapiens to new regions. Inherent limitations to archaeological and paleontological data sets often require reliance on scant, poorly resolved lines of evidence. However, recent developments in scientific technologies allow for more local, context-specific approaches. In the present article, we highlight how developments in five such methodologies (radiocarbon approaches, stable isotope analysis, ancient DNA, ancient proteomics, microscopy) have helped drive detailed analysis of specific megafaunal species, their particular ecological settings, and responses to new competitors or predators, climate change, and other external phenomena. The detailed case studies of faunal community composition, extinction chronologies, and demographic trends enabled by these methods examine megafaunal extinctions at scales appropriate for practical understanding of threats against particular species in their habitats today.

Original language	English
Journal	BioScience
Volume	69
Issue number	11
Pages (from-to)	877-887
Number of pages	11
ISSN	0006-3568
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz105
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2019

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Swift, J. A., Bunce, M., Dortch, J., Douglass, K., Faith, J. T., Fellows Yates, J. A., Field, J., Haberle, S. G., Jacob, E., Johnson, C. N., Lindsey, E., Lorenzen, E. D., Louys, J., Miller, G., Mychajliw, A. M., Slon, V., Villavicencio, N. A., Waters, M. R., Welker, F., ... Roberts, P. (2019). Micro Methods for Megafauna: Novel Approaches to Late Quaternary Extinctions and Their Contributions to Faunal Conservation in the Anthropocene. BioScience, 69(11), 877-887. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz105

Swift, JA, Bunce, M, Dortch, J, Douglass, K, Faith, JT, Fellows Yates, JA, Field, J, Haberle, SG, Jacob, E, Johnson, CN, Lindsey, E, Lorenzen, ED, Louys, J, Miller, G, Mychajliw, AM, Slon, V, Villavicencio, NA, Waters, MR, Welker, F, Wood, R, Petraglia, M, Boivin, N & Roberts, P 2019, 'Micro Methods for Megafauna: Novel Approaches to Late Quaternary Extinctions and Their Contributions to Faunal Conservation in the Anthropocene', BioScience, vol. 69, no. 11, pp. 877-887. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz105

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title = "Micro Methods for Megafauna: Novel Approaches to Late Quaternary Extinctions and Their Contributions to Faunal Conservation in the Anthropocene",

abstract = "Drivers of Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions are relevant to modern conservation policy in a world of growing human population density, climate change, and faunal decline. Traditional debates tend toward global solutions, blaming either dramatic climate change or dispersals of Homo sapiens to new regions. Inherent limitations to archaeological and paleontological data sets often require reliance on scant, poorly resolved lines of evidence. However, recent developments in scientific technologies allow for more local, context-specific approaches. In the present article, we highlight how developments in five such methodologies (radiocarbon approaches, stable isotope analysis, ancient DNA, ancient proteomics, microscopy) have helped drive detailed analysis of specific megafaunal species, their particular ecological settings, and responses to new competitors or predators, climate change, and other external phenomena. The detailed case studies of faunal community composition, extinction chronologies, and demographic trends enabled by these methods examine megafaunal extinctions at scales appropriate for practical understanding of threats against particular species in their habitats today.",

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AU - Swift, Jillian A

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AU - Dortch, Joe

AU - Douglass, Kristina

AU - Faith, J Tyler

AU - Fellows Yates, James A

AU - Field, Judith

AU - Haberle, Simon G

AU - Jacob, Eileen

AU - Johnson, Chris N

AU - Lindsey, Emily

AU - Lorenzen, Eline D

AU - Louys, Julien

AU - Miller, Gifford

AU - Mychajliw, Alexis M

AU - Slon, Viviane

AU - Villavicencio, Natalia A

AU - Waters, Michael R

AU - Welker, Frido

AU - Wood, Rachel

AU - Petraglia, Michael

AU - Boivin, Nicole

AU - Roberts, Patrick

N1 - © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Institute of Biological Sciences.

PY - 2019/11/1

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N2 - Drivers of Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions are relevant to modern conservation policy in a world of growing human population density, climate change, and faunal decline. Traditional debates tend toward global solutions, blaming either dramatic climate change or dispersals of Homo sapiens to new regions. Inherent limitations to archaeological and paleontological data sets often require reliance on scant, poorly resolved lines of evidence. However, recent developments in scientific technologies allow for more local, context-specific approaches. In the present article, we highlight how developments in five such methodologies (radiocarbon approaches, stable isotope analysis, ancient DNA, ancient proteomics, microscopy) have helped drive detailed analysis of specific megafaunal species, their particular ecological settings, and responses to new competitors or predators, climate change, and other external phenomena. The detailed case studies of faunal community composition, extinction chronologies, and demographic trends enabled by these methods examine megafaunal extinctions at scales appropriate for practical understanding of threats against particular species in their habitats today.

AB - Drivers of Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions are relevant to modern conservation policy in a world of growing human population density, climate change, and faunal decline. Traditional debates tend toward global solutions, blaming either dramatic climate change or dispersals of Homo sapiens to new regions. Inherent limitations to archaeological and paleontological data sets often require reliance on scant, poorly resolved lines of evidence. However, recent developments in scientific technologies allow for more local, context-specific approaches. In the present article, we highlight how developments in five such methodologies (radiocarbon approaches, stable isotope analysis, ancient DNA, ancient proteomics, microscopy) have helped drive detailed analysis of specific megafaunal species, their particular ecological settings, and responses to new competitors or predators, climate change, and other external phenomena. The detailed case studies of faunal community composition, extinction chronologies, and demographic trends enabled by these methods examine megafaunal extinctions at scales appropriate for practical understanding of threats against particular species in their habitats today.

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Micro Methods for Megafauna: Novel Approaches to Late Quaternary Extinctions and Their Contributions to Faunal Conservation in the Anthropocene

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