Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi-centre intervention study after a low-energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre-diabetes (PREVIEW)

Pia Christensen; Thomas Meinert Larsen; Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga; Ian Macdonald; J Alfredo Martinez; Svetoslav Handjiev; Sally Poppitt; Sylvia Hansen; Christian Ritz; Arne Astrup; Laura Pastor-Sanz; Finn Sandø-Pedersen; Kirsi H Pietiläinen; Jouko Sundvall; Mathijs Drummen; Moira A Taylor; Santiago Navas-Carretero; Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska; Shannon Brodie; Marta P Silvestre; Maija Huttunen-Lenz; Jennie Brand-Miller; Mikael Fogelholm; Anne Raben

doi:10.1111/dom.13466

Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi-centre intervention study after a low-energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre-diabetes (PREVIEW)

Pia Christensen, Thomas Meinert Larsen, Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga, Ian Macdonald, J Alfredo Martinez, Svetoslav Handjiev, Sally Poppitt, Sylvia Hansen, Christian Ritz, Arne Astrup, Laura Pastor-Sanz, Finn Sandø-Pedersen, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Jouko Sundvall, Mathijs Drummen, Moira A Taylor, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska, Shannon Brodie, Marta P SilvestreMaija Huttunen-Lenz, Jennie Brand-Miller, Mikael Fogelholm, Anne Raben

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Abstract

Aims: The PREVIEW lifestyle intervention study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01777893) is, to date, the largest, multinational study concerning prevention of type-2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the initial, fixed low-energy diet (LED) would induce different metabolic outcomes in men vs women.

Materials and methods: All participants followed a LED (3.4 MJ/810 kcal/daily) for 8 weeks (Cambridge Weight Plan). Participants were recruited from 8 sites in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Those eligible for inclusion were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 ) individuals with pre-diabetes according to ADA-criteria. Outcomes of interest included changes in insulin resistance, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and metabolic syndrome Z-score.

Results: In total, 2224 individuals (1504 women, 720 men) attended the baseline visit and 2020 (90.8%) completed the follow-up visit. Following the LED, weight loss was 16% greater in men than in women (11.8% vs 10.3%, respectively) but improvements in insulin resistance were similar. HOMA-IR decreased by 1.50 ± 0.15 in men and by 1.35 ± 0.15 in women (ns). After adjusting for differences in weight loss, men had larger reductions in metabolic syndrome Z-score, C-peptide, FM and heart rate, while women had larger reductions in HDL cholesterol, FFM, hip circumference and pulse pressure. Following the LED, 35% of participants of both genders had reverted to normo-glycaemia.

Conclusions: An 8-week LED induced different effects in women than in men. These findings are clinically important and suggest gender-specific changes after weight loss. It is important to investigate whether the greater decreases in FFM, hip circumference and HDL cholesterol in women after rapid weight loss compromise weight loss maintenance and future cardiovascular health.

Original language	English
Journal	Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Volume	20
Issue number	12
Pages (from-to)	2840-2851
Number of pages	12
ISSN	1462-8902
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.13466
Publication status	Published - Dec 2018

Keywords

Faculty of Science
Dietary intervention
Obesity
Prevention
Weight loss
Pre-diabetes

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Christensen et al_Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism_2018_Vol 20(12)_2840-2851Final published version, 1.39 MBLicence: CC BY

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Christensen, P., Larsen, T. M., Westerterp-Plantenga, M., Macdonald, I., Martinez, J. A., Handjiev, S., Poppitt, S., Hansen, S., Ritz, C., Astrup, A., Pastor-Sanz, L., Sandø-Pedersen, F., Pietiläinen, K. H., Sundvall, J., Drummen, M., Taylor, M. A., Navas-Carretero, S., Handjieva-Darlenska, T., Brodie, S., ... Raben, A. (2018). Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi-centre intervention study after a low-energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre-diabetes (PREVIEW). Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 20(12), 2840-2851. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.13466

Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi-centre intervention study after a low-energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre-diabetes (PREVIEW). / Christensen, Pia; Larsen, Thomas Meinert; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet et al.
In: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Vol. 20, No. 12, 12.2018, p. 2840-2851.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Christensen, P, Larsen, TM, Westerterp-Plantenga, M, Macdonald, I, Martinez, JA, Handjiev, S, Poppitt, S, Hansen, S, Ritz, C, Astrup, A, Pastor-Sanz, L, Sandø-Pedersen, F, Pietiläinen, KH, Sundvall, J, Drummen, M, Taylor, MA, Navas-Carretero, S, Handjieva-Darlenska, T, Brodie, S, Silvestre, MP, Huttunen-Lenz, M, Brand-Miller, J, Fogelholm, M & Raben, A 2018, 'Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi-centre intervention study after a low-energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre-diabetes (PREVIEW)', Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, vol. 20, no. 12, pp. 2840-2851. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.13466

Christensen P, Larsen TM, Westerterp-Plantenga M, Macdonald I, Martinez JA, Handjiev S et al. Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi-centre intervention study after a low-energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre-diabetes (PREVIEW). Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 2018 Dec;20(12):2840-2851. doi: 10.1111/dom.13466

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abstract = "Aims: The PREVIEW lifestyle intervention study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01777893) is, to date, the largest, multinational study concerning prevention of type-2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the initial, fixed low-energy diet (LED) would induce different metabolic outcomes in men vs women.Materials and methods: All participants followed a LED (3.4 MJ/810 kcal/daily) for 8 weeks (Cambridge Weight Plan). Participants were recruited from 8 sites in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Those eligible for inclusion were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 ) individuals with pre-diabetes according to ADA-criteria. Outcomes of interest included changes in insulin resistance, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and metabolic syndrome Z-score.Results: In total, 2224 individuals (1504 women, 720 men) attended the baseline visit and 2020 (90.8%) completed the follow-up visit. Following the LED, weight loss was 16% greater in men than in women (11.8% vs 10.3%, respectively) but improvements in insulin resistance were similar. HOMA-IR decreased by 1.50 ± 0.15 in men and by 1.35 ± 0.15 in women (ns). After adjusting for differences in weight loss, men had larger reductions in metabolic syndrome Z-score, C-peptide, FM and heart rate, while women had larger reductions in HDL cholesterol, FFM, hip circumference and pulse pressure. Following the LED, 35% of participants of both genders had reverted to normo-glycaemia.Conclusions: An 8-week LED induced different effects in women than in men. These findings are clinically important and suggest gender-specific changes after weight loss. It is important to investigate whether the greater decreases in FFM, hip circumference and HDL cholesterol in women after rapid weight loss compromise weight loss maintenance and future cardiovascular health.",

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author = "Pia Christensen and Larsen, {Thomas Meinert} and Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga and Ian Macdonald and Martinez, {J Alfredo} and Svetoslav Handjiev and Sally Poppitt and Sylvia Hansen and Christian Ritz and Arne Astrup and Laura Pastor-Sanz and Finn Sand{\o}-Pedersen and Pietil{\"a}inen, {Kirsi H} and Jouko Sundvall and Mathijs Drummen and Taylor, {Moira A} and Santiago Navas-Carretero and Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska and Shannon Brodie and Silvestre, {Marta P} and Maija Huttunen-Lenz and Jennie Brand-Miller and Mikael Fogelholm and Anne Raben",

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T2 - Metabolic outcomes of a multi-centre intervention study after a low-energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre-diabetes (PREVIEW)

AU - Christensen, Pia

AU - Larsen, Thomas Meinert

AU - Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet

AU - Macdonald, Ian

AU - Martinez, J Alfredo

AU - Handjiev, Svetoslav

AU - Poppitt, Sally

AU - Hansen, Sylvia

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Astrup, Arne

AU - Pastor-Sanz, Laura

AU - Sandø-Pedersen, Finn

AU - Pietiläinen, Kirsi H

AU - Sundvall, Jouko

AU - Drummen, Mathijs

AU - Taylor, Moira A

AU - Navas-Carretero, Santiago

AU - Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora

AU - Brodie, Shannon

AU - Silvestre, Marta P

AU - Huttunen-Lenz, Maija

AU - Brand-Miller, Jennie

AU - Fogelholm, Mikael

AU - Raben, Anne

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N2 - Aims: The PREVIEW lifestyle intervention study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01777893) is, to date, the largest, multinational study concerning prevention of type-2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the initial, fixed low-energy diet (LED) would induce different metabolic outcomes in men vs women.Materials and methods: All participants followed a LED (3.4 MJ/810 kcal/daily) for 8 weeks (Cambridge Weight Plan). Participants were recruited from 8 sites in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Those eligible for inclusion were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 ) individuals with pre-diabetes according to ADA-criteria. Outcomes of interest included changes in insulin resistance, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and metabolic syndrome Z-score.Results: In total, 2224 individuals (1504 women, 720 men) attended the baseline visit and 2020 (90.8%) completed the follow-up visit. Following the LED, weight loss was 16% greater in men than in women (11.8% vs 10.3%, respectively) but improvements in insulin resistance were similar. HOMA-IR decreased by 1.50 ± 0.15 in men and by 1.35 ± 0.15 in women (ns). After adjusting for differences in weight loss, men had larger reductions in metabolic syndrome Z-score, C-peptide, FM and heart rate, while women had larger reductions in HDL cholesterol, FFM, hip circumference and pulse pressure. Following the LED, 35% of participants of both genders had reverted to normo-glycaemia.Conclusions: An 8-week LED induced different effects in women than in men. These findings are clinically important and suggest gender-specific changes after weight loss. It is important to investigate whether the greater decreases in FFM, hip circumference and HDL cholesterol in women after rapid weight loss compromise weight loss maintenance and future cardiovascular health.

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KW - Dietary intervention

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KW - Prevention

KW - Weight loss

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SN - 1462-8902

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ER -

Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi-centre intervention study after a low-energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre-diabetes (PREVIEW)

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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