Malaria-related anemia in patients from unstable transmission areas in Colombia

Mary Lopez-Perez; Álvaro Álvarez; Juan B. Gutierrez; Alberto Moreno; Sócrates Herrera; Myriam Arévalo-Herrera

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.14-0345

Malaria-related anemia in patients from unstable transmission areas in Colombia

Mary Lopez-Perez, Álvaro Álvarez, Juan B. Gutierrez, Alberto Moreno, Sócrates Herrera, Myriam Arévalo-Herrera^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Information about the prevalence of malarial anemia in areas of low-malaria transmission intensity, like Latin America, is scarce. To characterize the malaria-related anemia, we evaluated 929 malaria patients from three sites in Colombia during 2011-2013. Plasmodium vivax was found to be the most prevalent species in Tierralta (92%), whereas P. falciparum was predominant in Tumaco (84%) and Quibdó(70%). Although severe anemia (hemoglobin < 7 g/dL) was almost absent (0.3%), variable degrees of non-severe anemia were observed in 36.9%of patients. In Tierralta, hemoglobin levels were negatively associated with days of illness. Moreover, in Tierralta and Quibdó, the number of previous malaria episodes and hemoglobin levels were positively associated. Both Plasmodium species seem to have similar potential to induce malarial anemia with distinct cofactors at each endemic setting. The target age in these low-transmission settings seems shifting toward adolescents and young adults. In addition, previous malaria experience seems to induce protection against anemia development. Altogether, these data suggest that early diagnosis and prompt treatment are likely preventing more frequent and serious malaria-related anemia in Colombia.

Original language	English
Journal	American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Volume	92
Issue number	2
Pages (from-to)	294-301
Number of pages	8
ISSN	0002-9637
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0345
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2015
Externally published	Yes

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13. 2015 AJTMH Lopez-Perez malaria-related anemia in Colombia

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title = "Malaria-related anemia in patients from unstable transmission areas in Colombia",

abstract = "Information about the prevalence of malarial anemia in areas of low-malaria transmission intensity, like Latin America, is scarce. To characterize the malaria-related anemia, we evaluated 929 malaria patients from three sites in Colombia during 2011-2013. Plasmodium vivax was found to be the most prevalent species in Tierralta (92%), whereas P. falciparum was predominant in Tumaco (84%) and Quibd{\'o}(70%). Although severe anemia (hemoglobin < 7 g/dL) was almost absent (0.3%), variable degrees of non-severe anemia were observed in 36.9%of patients. In Tierralta, hemoglobin levels were negatively associated with days of illness. Moreover, in Tierralta and Quibd{\'o}, the number of previous malaria episodes and hemoglobin levels were positively associated. Both Plasmodium species seem to have similar potential to induce malarial anemia with distinct cofactors at each endemic setting. The target age in these low-transmission settings seems shifting toward adolescents and young adults. In addition, previous malaria experience seems to induce protection against anemia development. Altogether, these data suggest that early diagnosis and prompt treatment are likely preventing more frequent and serious malaria-related anemia in Colombia.",

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AU - Lopez-Perez, Mary

AU - Álvarez, Álvaro

AU - Gutierrez, Juan B.

AU - Moreno, Alberto

AU - Herrera, Sócrates

AU - Arévalo-Herrera, Myriam

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AB - Information about the prevalence of malarial anemia in areas of low-malaria transmission intensity, like Latin America, is scarce. To characterize the malaria-related anemia, we evaluated 929 malaria patients from three sites in Colombia during 2011-2013. Plasmodium vivax was found to be the most prevalent species in Tierralta (92%), whereas P. falciparum was predominant in Tumaco (84%) and Quibdó(70%). Although severe anemia (hemoglobin < 7 g/dL) was almost absent (0.3%), variable degrees of non-severe anemia were observed in 36.9%of patients. In Tierralta, hemoglobin levels were negatively associated with days of illness. Moreover, in Tierralta and Quibdó, the number of previous malaria episodes and hemoglobin levels were positively associated. Both Plasmodium species seem to have similar potential to induce malarial anemia with distinct cofactors at each endemic setting. The target age in these low-transmission settings seems shifting toward adolescents and young adults. In addition, previous malaria experience seems to induce protection against anemia development. Altogether, these data suggest that early diagnosis and prompt treatment are likely preventing more frequent and serious malaria-related anemia in Colombia.

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Malaria-related anemia in patients from unstable transmission areas in Colombia

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