Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with central nervous system infection

Christian Ostergaard; Thomas Benfield

doi:10.1186/cc7933

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with central nervous system infection

19 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) plays an essential pathophysiological role in septic shock; however, its role in central nervous system infection (CNS) remains to be defined. METHODS: The aim of the present study was to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of MIF in 171 patients clinically suspected of having meningitis on admission. Of these, 31 were found to have purulent meningitis with a known aetiology, 20 to have purulent meningitis with an unknown aetiology, 59 to have lymphocytic meningitis, and 11 to have encephalitis, whereas 50 were suspected of but had no evidence of CNS infection. RESULTS: CSF MIF levels were significantly higher in patients with purulent meningitis of known aetiology (8639 ng/L (3344-20600)) as compared to patients with purulent meningitis of unknown aetiology (2209 ng/L (1516-6550), Mann Whitney test, P=0.003), to patients with lymphocytic meningitis (1912 ng/L (1302-4105), P< 0.001), and to patients suspected but without evidence of CNS infection (1472 ng/L (672-3447), P< 0.001), respectively. Also, patients with encephalitis (6937 ng/L (3961-8353) had higher CSF MIF levels than patients without CNS infection (P<0.01). Among patients with purulent meningitis, CSF MIF levels were significantly higher in patients infected with pneumococci as compared to infection due to meningococci (11569 ng/L (8615-21935) vs. 5006 ng/L (1717-10905) respectively, P=0.02), in patients requiring assisted ventilation (10493 ng/L (5961-22725) vs. 3240ng/L (1563-9302), respectively, P=0.003), and in patients with impaired consciousness (8614 ng/L (3344-20935) vs. 2625 ng/L (1561-7530), respectively, P=0.02). CSF MIF levels correlated significantly to the meningeal inflammation (P<0.05), but not to the systemic inflammatory response (P>0.05) in patients with purulent meningitis of known aetiology, in patients with lymphocytic meningitis, and in patients with encephalitis. CONCLUSIONS: MIF was significantly increased in the CSF of patients with purulent meningitis and encephalitis and was to some degree associated with disease severity of the infection. Our results indicate that MIF may play an important role in CNS infection.

Original language	English
Journal	Critical Care
Volume	13
Issue number	3
Pages (from-to)	R101
ISSN	1364-8535
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/cc7933
Publication status	Published - 2009

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@article{96905d006a6811de8bc9000ea68e967b,

title = "Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with central nervous system infection",

abstract = "ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) plays an essential pathophysiological role in septic shock; however, its role in central nervous system infection (CNS) remains to be defined. METHODS: The aim of the present study was to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of MIF in 171 patients clinically suspected of having meningitis on admission. Of these, 31 were found to have purulent meningitis with a known aetiology, 20 to have purulent meningitis with an unknown aetiology, 59 to have lymphocytic meningitis, and 11 to have encephalitis, whereas 50 were suspected of but had no evidence of CNS infection. RESULTS: CSF MIF levels were significantly higher in patients with purulent meningitis of known aetiology (8639 ng/L (3344-20600)) as compared to patients with purulent meningitis of unknown aetiology (2209 ng/L (1516-6550), Mann Whitney test, P=0.003), to patients with lymphocytic meningitis (1912 ng/L (1302-4105), P< 0.001), and to patients suspected but without evidence of CNS infection (1472 ng/L (672-3447), P< 0.001), respectively. Also, patients with encephalitis (6937 ng/L (3961-8353) had higher CSF MIF levels than patients without CNS infection (P<0.01). Among patients with purulent meningitis, CSF MIF levels were significantly higher in patients infected with pneumococci as compared to infection due to meningococci (11569 ng/L (8615-21935) vs. 5006 ng/L (1717-10905) respectively, P=0.02), in patients requiring assisted ventilation (10493 ng/L (5961-22725) vs. 3240ng/L (1563-9302), respectively, P=0.003), and in patients with impaired consciousness (8614 ng/L (3344-20935) vs. 2625 ng/L (1561-7530), respectively, P=0.02). CSF MIF levels correlated significantly to the meningeal inflammation (P<0.05), but not to the systemic inflammatory response (P>0.05) in patients with purulent meningitis of known aetiology, in patients with lymphocytic meningitis, and in patients with encephalitis. CONCLUSIONS: MIF was significantly increased in the CSF of patients with purulent meningitis and encephalitis and was to some degree associated with disease severity of the infection. Our results indicate that MIF may play an important role in CNS infection.",

author = "Christian Ostergaard and Thomas Benfield",

year = "2009",

doi = "10.1186/cc7933",

language = "English",

volume = "13",

pages = "R101",

journal = "Critical Care",

issn = "1574-4280",

publisher = "Bohn Stafleu van Loghum B.V",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with central nervous system infection

AU - Ostergaard, Christian

AU - Benfield, Thomas

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) plays an essential pathophysiological role in septic shock; however, its role in central nervous system infection (CNS) remains to be defined. METHODS: The aim of the present study was to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of MIF in 171 patients clinically suspected of having meningitis on admission. Of these, 31 were found to have purulent meningitis with a known aetiology, 20 to have purulent meningitis with an unknown aetiology, 59 to have lymphocytic meningitis, and 11 to have encephalitis, whereas 50 were suspected of but had no evidence of CNS infection. RESULTS: CSF MIF levels were significantly higher in patients with purulent meningitis of known aetiology (8639 ng/L (3344-20600)) as compared to patients with purulent meningitis of unknown aetiology (2209 ng/L (1516-6550), Mann Whitney test, P=0.003), to patients with lymphocytic meningitis (1912 ng/L (1302-4105), P< 0.001), and to patients suspected but without evidence of CNS infection (1472 ng/L (672-3447), P< 0.001), respectively. Also, patients with encephalitis (6937 ng/L (3961-8353) had higher CSF MIF levels than patients without CNS infection (P<0.01). Among patients with purulent meningitis, CSF MIF levels were significantly higher in patients infected with pneumococci as compared to infection due to meningococci (11569 ng/L (8615-21935) vs. 5006 ng/L (1717-10905) respectively, P=0.02), in patients requiring assisted ventilation (10493 ng/L (5961-22725) vs. 3240ng/L (1563-9302), respectively, P=0.003), and in patients with impaired consciousness (8614 ng/L (3344-20935) vs. 2625 ng/L (1561-7530), respectively, P=0.02). CSF MIF levels correlated significantly to the meningeal inflammation (P<0.05), but not to the systemic inflammatory response (P>0.05) in patients with purulent meningitis of known aetiology, in patients with lymphocytic meningitis, and in patients with encephalitis. CONCLUSIONS: MIF was significantly increased in the CSF of patients with purulent meningitis and encephalitis and was to some degree associated with disease severity of the infection. Our results indicate that MIF may play an important role in CNS infection.

AB - ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) plays an essential pathophysiological role in septic shock; however, its role in central nervous system infection (CNS) remains to be defined. METHODS: The aim of the present study was to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of MIF in 171 patients clinically suspected of having meningitis on admission. Of these, 31 were found to have purulent meningitis with a known aetiology, 20 to have purulent meningitis with an unknown aetiology, 59 to have lymphocytic meningitis, and 11 to have encephalitis, whereas 50 were suspected of but had no evidence of CNS infection. RESULTS: CSF MIF levels were significantly higher in patients with purulent meningitis of known aetiology (8639 ng/L (3344-20600)) as compared to patients with purulent meningitis of unknown aetiology (2209 ng/L (1516-6550), Mann Whitney test, P=0.003), to patients with lymphocytic meningitis (1912 ng/L (1302-4105), P< 0.001), and to patients suspected but without evidence of CNS infection (1472 ng/L (672-3447), P< 0.001), respectively. Also, patients with encephalitis (6937 ng/L (3961-8353) had higher CSF MIF levels than patients without CNS infection (P<0.01). Among patients with purulent meningitis, CSF MIF levels were significantly higher in patients infected with pneumococci as compared to infection due to meningococci (11569 ng/L (8615-21935) vs. 5006 ng/L (1717-10905) respectively, P=0.02), in patients requiring assisted ventilation (10493 ng/L (5961-22725) vs. 3240ng/L (1563-9302), respectively, P=0.003), and in patients with impaired consciousness (8614 ng/L (3344-20935) vs. 2625 ng/L (1561-7530), respectively, P=0.02). CSF MIF levels correlated significantly to the meningeal inflammation (P<0.05), but not to the systemic inflammatory response (P>0.05) in patients with purulent meningitis of known aetiology, in patients with lymphocytic meningitis, and in patients with encephalitis. CONCLUSIONS: MIF was significantly increased in the CSF of patients with purulent meningitis and encephalitis and was to some degree associated with disease severity of the infection. Our results indicate that MIF may play an important role in CNS infection.

U2 - 10.1186/cc7933

DO - 10.1186/cc7933

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 19558639

SN - 1574-4280

VL - 13

SP - R101

JO - Critical Care

JF - Critical Care

IS - 3

ER -

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with central nervous system infection

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