Low prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a cross-sectional study of Danish HIV-infected patients

Andreas Knudsen; Catarina Anna Evelina Malmberg; Andreas Kjær; Anne-Mette Lebech

doi:10.3109/23744235.2015.1061204

Low prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a cross-sectional study of Danish HIV-infected patients

Andreas Knudsen, Catarina Anna Evelina Malmberg, Andreas Kjær, Anne-Mette Lebech

11 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) appear to be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a well-established screening tool for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and future cardiovascular events in the general population. However, controversies exist on the prevalence of PAD among HIV-infected patients. In this study we aimed to measure the prevalence of PAD among HIV-infected patients and compare the ABI with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and other known CVD risk predictors.

METHODS: We prospectively included HIV-infected patients from an outpatient clinic at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre University Hospital, Denmark. We assessed the ABI pre- and post-exercise with a threshold for PAD defined as ABI ≤ 0.9. All patients had cIMT measured at the far wall of the distal common carotid artery.

RESULTS: Of 102 patients included (mean age 52 years, 75% male, 94% receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), 33% active smokers), 1 had a pre-exercise ABI ≤ 0.9 and in addition 3 patients had a post-exercise ABI ≤ 0.9. We found a poor correlation between ABI and traditional CVD risk factors other than body mass index. In contrast, a strong correlation was found between cIMT and traditional risk factors. Values of post-exercise ABI and cIMT were not correlated. The current ART did not influence ABI values.

CONCLUSIONS: We found a low prevalence of PAD in HIV-infected patients. ABI did not correlate with CVD risk factors or cIMT. Based on these results ABI does not seem valuable as a screening tool for CVD among HIV-infected patients.

Original language	English
Journal	Infectious Diseases
Volume	47
Issue number	11
Pages (from-to)	776-82
Number of pages	7
ISSN	1178-6337
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3109/23744235.2015.1061204
Publication status	Published - 2015

Keywords

Aged
Ankle Brachial Index
Anti-HIV Agents
Cross-Sectional Studies
Denmark
Female
HIV Infections
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Prevalence
Prospective Studies

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.3109/23744235.2015.1061204

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title = "Low prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a cross-sectional study of Danish HIV-infected patients",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) appear to be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a well-established screening tool for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and future cardiovascular events in the general population. However, controversies exist on the prevalence of PAD among HIV-infected patients. In this study we aimed to measure the prevalence of PAD among HIV-infected patients and compare the ABI with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and other known CVD risk predictors.METHODS: We prospectively included HIV-infected patients from an outpatient clinic at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre University Hospital, Denmark. We assessed the ABI pre- and post-exercise with a threshold for PAD defined as ABI ≤ 0.9. All patients had cIMT measured at the far wall of the distal common carotid artery.RESULTS: Of 102 patients included (mean age 52 years, 75% male, 94% receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), 33% active smokers), 1 had a pre-exercise ABI ≤ 0.9 and in addition 3 patients had a post-exercise ABI ≤ 0.9. We found a poor correlation between ABI and traditional CVD risk factors other than body mass index. In contrast, a strong correlation was found between cIMT and traditional risk factors. Values of post-exercise ABI and cIMT were not correlated. The current ART did not influence ABI values.CONCLUSIONS: We found a low prevalence of PAD in HIV-infected patients. ABI did not correlate with CVD risk factors or cIMT. Based on these results ABI does not seem valuable as a screening tool for CVD among HIV-infected patients.",

keywords = "Aged, Ankle Brachial Index, Anti-HIV Agents, Cross-Sectional Studies, Denmark, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Peripheral Arterial Disease, Prevalence, Prospective Studies",

author = "Andreas Knudsen and Malmberg, {Catarina Anna Evelina} and Andreas Kj{\ae}r and Anne-Mette Lebech",

year = "2015",

doi = "10.3109/23744235.2015.1061204",

language = "English",

volume = "47",

pages = "776--82",

journal = "Infectious Diseases",

issn = "1178-6337",

publisher = "Libertas Academica Ltd.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Low prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a cross-sectional study of Danish HIV-infected patients

AU - Knudsen, Andreas

AU - Malmberg, Catarina Anna Evelina

AU - Kjær, Andreas

AU - Lebech, Anne-Mette

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - BACKGROUND: Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) appear to be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a well-established screening tool for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and future cardiovascular events in the general population. However, controversies exist on the prevalence of PAD among HIV-infected patients. In this study we aimed to measure the prevalence of PAD among HIV-infected patients and compare the ABI with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and other known CVD risk predictors.METHODS: We prospectively included HIV-infected patients from an outpatient clinic at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre University Hospital, Denmark. We assessed the ABI pre- and post-exercise with a threshold for PAD defined as ABI ≤ 0.9. All patients had cIMT measured at the far wall of the distal common carotid artery.RESULTS: Of 102 patients included (mean age 52 years, 75% male, 94% receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), 33% active smokers), 1 had a pre-exercise ABI ≤ 0.9 and in addition 3 patients had a post-exercise ABI ≤ 0.9. We found a poor correlation between ABI and traditional CVD risk factors other than body mass index. In contrast, a strong correlation was found between cIMT and traditional risk factors. Values of post-exercise ABI and cIMT were not correlated. The current ART did not influence ABI values.CONCLUSIONS: We found a low prevalence of PAD in HIV-infected patients. ABI did not correlate with CVD risk factors or cIMT. Based on these results ABI does not seem valuable as a screening tool for CVD among HIV-infected patients.

AB - BACKGROUND: Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) appear to be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a well-established screening tool for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and future cardiovascular events in the general population. However, controversies exist on the prevalence of PAD among HIV-infected patients. In this study we aimed to measure the prevalence of PAD among HIV-infected patients and compare the ABI with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and other known CVD risk predictors.METHODS: We prospectively included HIV-infected patients from an outpatient clinic at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre University Hospital, Denmark. We assessed the ABI pre- and post-exercise with a threshold for PAD defined as ABI ≤ 0.9. All patients had cIMT measured at the far wall of the distal common carotid artery.RESULTS: Of 102 patients included (mean age 52 years, 75% male, 94% receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), 33% active smokers), 1 had a pre-exercise ABI ≤ 0.9 and in addition 3 patients had a post-exercise ABI ≤ 0.9. We found a poor correlation between ABI and traditional CVD risk factors other than body mass index. In contrast, a strong correlation was found between cIMT and traditional risk factors. Values of post-exercise ABI and cIMT were not correlated. The current ART did not influence ABI values.CONCLUSIONS: We found a low prevalence of PAD in HIV-infected patients. ABI did not correlate with CVD risk factors or cIMT. Based on these results ABI does not seem valuable as a screening tool for CVD among HIV-infected patients.

KW - Aged

KW - Ankle Brachial Index

KW - Anti-HIV Agents

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - Denmark

KW - Female

KW - HIV Infections

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Peripheral Arterial Disease

KW - Prevalence

KW - Prospective Studies

U2 - 10.3109/23744235.2015.1061204

DO - 10.3109/23744235.2015.1061204

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 26114988

SN - 1178-6337

VL - 47

SP - 776

EP - 782

JO - Infectious Diseases

JF - Infectious Diseases

IS - 11

ER -

Low prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a cross-sectional study of Danish HIV-infected patients

Abstract

Keywords

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