Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects

Meng Wang; Rob Beelen; Massimo Stafoggia; Ole Raaschou-Nielsen; Zorana Jovanovic Andersen; Barbara Hoffmann; Paul Fischer; Danny Houthuijs; Mark Nieuwenhuijsen; Gudrun Weinmayr; Paolo Vineis; Wei W Xun; Konstantina Dimakopoulou; Evangelia Samoli; Tiina Laatikainen; Timo Lanki; Anu W Turunen; Bente Oftedal; Per Schwarze; Geir Aamodt; Johanna Penell; Ulf De Faire; Michal Korek; Karin Leander; Göran Pershagen; Nancy L Pedersen; Claes-Göran Ostenson; Laura Fratiglioni; Kirsten Thorup Eriksen; Mette Sørensen; Anne Tjønneland; Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita; Marloes Eeftens; Michiel L Bots; Kees Meliefste; Ursula Krämer; Joachim Heinrich; Dorothea Sugiri; Timothy Key; Kees de Hoogh; Kathrin Wolf; Annette Peters; Josef Cyrys; Andrea Jaensch; Hans Concin; Gabriele Nagel; Ming-Yi Tsai; Harish Phuleria; Alex Ineichen; Nino Künzli; Nicole Probst-Hensch; Emmanuel Schaffner; Alice Vilier; Françoise Clavel-Chapelon; Christophe Declerq; Fulvio Ricceri; Carlotta Sacerdote; Alessandro Marcon; Claudia Galassi; Enrica Migliore; Andrea Ranzi; Giulia Cesaroni; Chiara Badaloni; Francesco Forastiere; Michail Katsoulis; Antonia Trichopoulou; Menno Keuken; Aleksandra Jedynska; Ingeborg M Kooter; Jaakko Kukkonen; Ranjeet S Sokhi; Bert Brunekreef; Klea Katsouyanni; Gerard Hoek

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.026

Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects

Meng Wang, Rob Beelen, Massimo Stafoggia, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Barbara Hoffmann, Paul Fischer, Danny Houthuijs, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Gudrun Weinmayr, Paolo Vineis, Wei W Xun, Konstantina Dimakopoulou, Evangelia Samoli, Tiina Laatikainen, Timo Lanki, Anu W Turunen, Bente Oftedal, Per Schwarze, Geir AamodtJohanna Penell, Ulf De Faire, Michal Korek, Karin Leander, Göran Pershagen, Nancy L Pedersen, Claes-Göran Ostenson, Laura Fratiglioni, Kirsten Thorup Eriksen, Mette Sørensen, Anne Tjønneland, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Marloes Eeftens, Michiel L Bots, Kees Meliefste, Ursula Krämer, Joachim Heinrich, Dorothea Sugiri, Timothy Key, Kees de Hoogh, Kathrin Wolf, Annette Peters, Josef Cyrys, Andrea Jaensch, Hans Concin, Gabriele Nagel, Ming-Yi Tsai, Harish Phuleria, Alex Ineichen, Nino Künzli, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Emmanuel Schaffner, Alice Vilier, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Christophe Declerq, Fulvio Ricceri, Carlotta Sacerdote, Alessandro Marcon, Claudia Galassi, Enrica Migliore, Andrea Ranzi, Giulia Cesaroni, Chiara Badaloni, Francesco Forastiere, Michail Katsoulis, Antonia Trichopoulou, Menno Keuken, Aleksandra Jedynska, Ingeborg M Kooter, Jaakko Kukkonen, Ranjeet S Sokhi, Bert Brunekreef, Klea Katsouyanni, Gerard Hoek

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Abstract

Background: Associations between long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality have been widely recognized. However, health effects of long-term exposure to constituents of PM on total CVD mortality have been explored in a single study only. Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the association of PM composition with cardiovascular mortality. Methods: We used data from 19 European ongoing cohorts within the framework of the ESCAPE (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects) and TRANSPHORM (Transport related Air Pollution and Health impacts - Integrated Methodologies for Assessing Particulate Matter) projects. Residential annual average exposure to elemental constituents within particle matter smaller than 2.5 and 10μm (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀) was estimated using Land Use Regression models. Eight elements representing major sources were selected a priori (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium and zinc). Cohort-specific analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models with a standardized protocol. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate combined effect estimates. Results: The total population consisted of 322,291 participants, with 9545 CVD deaths. We found no statistically significant associations between any of the elemental constituents in PM_2.5 or PM₁₀ and CVD mortality in the pooled analysis. Most of the hazard ratios (HRs) were close to unity, e.g. for PM₁₀ Fe the combined HR was 0.96 (0.84-1.09). Elevated combined HRs were found for PM_2.5 Si (1.17, 95% CI: 0.93-1.47), and S in PM_2.5 (1.08, 95% CI: 0.95-1.22) and PM₁₀ (1.09, 95% CI: 0.90-1.32). Conclusion: In a joint analysis of 19 European cohorts, we found no statistically significant association between long-term exposure to 8 elemental constituents of particles and total cardiovascular mortality. •Few studies explored long term effects of particle composition exposure to cardiovascular mortality.•We included a large population of 322,291 subjects from 19 cohorts in 12 countries of Europe.•Standardized cohort specific analyses were conducted individually and the results were pooled in meta-analysis.•We found no significant association between elemental constituents representing major sources and cardiovascular mortality.•Positive though non-significant associations were found for S and Si.

Original language	English
Journal	Environment International
Volume	66
Pages (from-to)	97-106
Number of pages	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.026
Publication status	Published - May 2014

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Wang, M., Beelen, R., Stafoggia, M., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Andersen, Z. J., Hoffmann, B., Fischer, P., Houthuijs, D., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., Weinmayr, G., Vineis, P., Xun, W. W., Dimakopoulou, K., Samoli, E., Laatikainen, T., Lanki, T., Turunen, A. W., Oftedal, B., Schwarze, P., ... Hoek, G. (2014). Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects. Environment International, 66, 97-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.026

Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts : Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects. / Wang, Meng; Beelen, Rob; Stafoggia, Massimo et al.

In: Environment International, Vol. 66, 05.2014, p. 97-106.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Wang, M, Beelen, R, Stafoggia, M, Raaschou-Nielsen, O, Andersen, ZJ, Hoffmann, B, Fischer, P, Houthuijs, D, Nieuwenhuijsen, M, Weinmayr, G, Vineis, P, Xun, WW, Dimakopoulou, K, Samoli, E, Laatikainen, T, Lanki, T, Turunen, AW, Oftedal, B, Schwarze, P, Aamodt, G, Penell, J, De Faire, U, Korek, M, Leander, K, Pershagen, G, Pedersen, NL, Ostenson, C-G, Fratiglioni, L, Eriksen, KT, Sørensen, M, Tjønneland, A, Bueno-de-Mesquita, B, Eeftens, M, Bots, ML, Meliefste, K, Krämer, U, Heinrich, J, Sugiri, D, Key, T, de Hoogh, K, Wolf, K, Peters, A, Cyrys, J, Jaensch, A, Concin, H, Nagel, G, Tsai, M-Y, Phuleria, H, Ineichen, A, Künzli, N, Probst-Hensch, N, Schaffner, E, Vilier, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Declerq, C, Ricceri, F, Sacerdote, C, Marcon, A, Galassi, C, Migliore, E, Ranzi, A, Cesaroni, G, Badaloni, C, Forastiere, F, Katsoulis, M, Trichopoulou, A, Keuken, M, Jedynska, A, Kooter, IM, Kukkonen, J, Sokhi, RS, Brunekreef, B, Katsouyanni, K & Hoek, G 2014, 'Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects', Environment International, vol. 66, pp. 97-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.026

@article{8f2db2d1a5d5423ab5e5560624ddf196,

title = "Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects",

abstract = "Background: Associations between long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality have been widely recognized. However, health effects of long-term exposure to constituents of PM on total CVD mortality have been explored in a single study only. Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the association of PM composition with cardiovascular mortality. Methods: We used data from 19 European ongoing cohorts within the framework of the ESCAPE (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects) and TRANSPHORM (Transport related Air Pollution and Health impacts - Integrated Methodologies for Assessing Particulate Matter) projects. Residential annual average exposure to elemental constituents within particle matter smaller than 2.5 and 10μm (PM2.5 and PM10) was estimated using Land Use Regression models. Eight elements representing major sources were selected a priori (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium and zinc). Cohort-specific analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models with a standardized protocol. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate combined effect estimates. Results: The total population consisted of 322,291 participants, with 9545 CVD deaths. We found no statistically significant associations between any of the elemental constituents in PM2.5 or PM10 and CVD mortality in the pooled analysis. Most of the hazard ratios (HRs) were close to unity, e.g. for PM10 Fe the combined HR was 0.96 (0.84-1.09). Elevated combined HRs were found for PM2.5 Si (1.17, 95% CI: 0.93-1.47), and S in PM2.5 (1.08, 95% CI: 0.95-1.22) and PM10 (1.09, 95% CI: 0.90-1.32). Conclusion: In a joint analysis of 19 European cohorts, we found no statistically significant association between long-term exposure to 8 elemental constituents of particles and total cardiovascular mortality. •Few studies explored long term effects of particle composition exposure to cardiovascular mortality.•We included a large population of 322,291 subjects from 19 cohorts in 12 countries of Europe.•Standardized cohort specific analyses were conducted individually and the results were pooled in meta-analysis.•We found no significant association between elemental constituents representing major sources and cardiovascular mortality.•Positive though non-significant associations were found for S and Si.",

author = "Meng Wang and Rob Beelen and Massimo Stafoggia and Ole Raaschou-Nielsen and Andersen, {Zorana Jovanovic} and Barbara Hoffmann and Paul Fischer and Danny Houthuijs and Mark Nieuwenhuijsen and Gudrun Weinmayr and Paolo Vineis and Xun, {Wei W} and Konstantina Dimakopoulou and Evangelia Samoli and Tiina Laatikainen and Timo Lanki and Turunen, {Anu W} and Bente Oftedal and Per Schwarze and Geir Aamodt and Johanna Penell and {De Faire}, Ulf and Michal Korek and Karin Leander and G{\"o}ran Pershagen and Pedersen, {Nancy L} and Claes-G{\"o}ran Ostenson and Laura Fratiglioni and Eriksen, {Kirsten Thorup} and Mette S{\o}rensen and Anne Tj{\o}nneland and Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita and Marloes Eeftens and Bots, {Michiel L} and Kees Meliefste and Ursula Kr{\"a}mer and Joachim Heinrich and Dorothea Sugiri and Timothy Key and {de Hoogh}, Kees and Kathrin Wolf and Annette Peters and Josef Cyrys and Andrea Jaensch and Hans Concin and Gabriele Nagel and Ming-Yi Tsai and Harish Phuleria and Alex Ineichen and Nino K{\"u}nzli and Nicole Probst-Hensch and Emmanuel Schaffner and Alice Vilier and Fran{\c c}oise Clavel-Chapelon and Christophe Declerq and Fulvio Ricceri and Carlotta Sacerdote and Alessandro Marcon and Claudia Galassi and Enrica Migliore and Andrea Ranzi and Giulia Cesaroni and Chiara Badaloni and Francesco Forastiere and Michail Katsoulis and Antonia Trichopoulou and Menno Keuken and Aleksandra Jedynska and Kooter, {Ingeborg M} and Jaakko Kukkonen and Sokhi, {Ranjeet S} and Bert Brunekreef and Klea Katsouyanni and Gerard Hoek",

year = "2014",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.026",

language = "English",

volume = "66",

pages = "97--106",

journal = "Environment international",

issn = "0160-4120",

publisher = "Pergamon Press",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts

T2 - Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects

AU - Wang, Meng

AU - Beelen, Rob

AU - Stafoggia, Massimo

AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole

AU - Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic

AU - Hoffmann, Barbara

AU - Fischer, Paul

AU - Houthuijs, Danny

AU - Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark

AU - Weinmayr, Gudrun

AU - Vineis, Paolo

AU - Xun, Wei W

AU - Dimakopoulou, Konstantina

AU - Samoli, Evangelia

AU - Laatikainen, Tiina

AU - Lanki, Timo

AU - Turunen, Anu W

AU - Oftedal, Bente

AU - Schwarze, Per

AU - Aamodt, Geir

AU - Penell, Johanna

AU - De Faire, Ulf

AU - Korek, Michal

AU - Leander, Karin

AU - Pershagen, Göran

AU - Pedersen, Nancy L

AU - Ostenson, Claes-Göran

AU - Fratiglioni, Laura

AU - Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup

AU - Sørensen, Mette

AU - Tjønneland, Anne

AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas

AU - Eeftens, Marloes

AU - Bots, Michiel L

AU - Meliefste, Kees

AU - Krämer, Ursula

AU - Heinrich, Joachim

AU - Sugiri, Dorothea

AU - Key, Timothy

AU - de Hoogh, Kees

AU - Wolf, Kathrin

AU - Peters, Annette

AU - Cyrys, Josef

AU - Jaensch, Andrea

AU - Concin, Hans

AU - Nagel, Gabriele

AU - Tsai, Ming-Yi

AU - Phuleria, Harish

AU - Ineichen, Alex

AU - Künzli, Nino

AU - Probst-Hensch, Nicole

AU - Schaffner, Emmanuel

AU - Vilier, Alice

AU - Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise

AU - Declerq, Christophe

AU - Ricceri, Fulvio

AU - Sacerdote, Carlotta

AU - Marcon, Alessandro

AU - Galassi, Claudia

AU - Migliore, Enrica

AU - Ranzi, Andrea

AU - Cesaroni, Giulia

AU - Badaloni, Chiara

AU - Forastiere, Francesco

AU - Katsoulis, Michail

AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia

AU - Keuken, Menno

AU - Jedynska, Aleksandra

AU - Kooter, Ingeborg M

AU - Kukkonen, Jaakko

AU - Sokhi, Ranjeet S

AU - Brunekreef, Bert

AU - Katsouyanni, Klea

AU - Hoek, Gerard

PY - 2014/5

Y1 - 2014/5

N2 - Background: Associations between long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality have been widely recognized. However, health effects of long-term exposure to constituents of PM on total CVD mortality have been explored in a single study only. Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the association of PM composition with cardiovascular mortality. Methods: We used data from 19 European ongoing cohorts within the framework of the ESCAPE (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects) and TRANSPHORM (Transport related Air Pollution and Health impacts - Integrated Methodologies for Assessing Particulate Matter) projects. Residential annual average exposure to elemental constituents within particle matter smaller than 2.5 and 10μm (PM2.5 and PM10) was estimated using Land Use Regression models. Eight elements representing major sources were selected a priori (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium and zinc). Cohort-specific analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models with a standardized protocol. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate combined effect estimates. Results: The total population consisted of 322,291 participants, with 9545 CVD deaths. We found no statistically significant associations between any of the elemental constituents in PM2.5 or PM10 and CVD mortality in the pooled analysis. Most of the hazard ratios (HRs) were close to unity, e.g. for PM10 Fe the combined HR was 0.96 (0.84-1.09). Elevated combined HRs were found for PM2.5 Si (1.17, 95% CI: 0.93-1.47), and S in PM2.5 (1.08, 95% CI: 0.95-1.22) and PM10 (1.09, 95% CI: 0.90-1.32). Conclusion: In a joint analysis of 19 European cohorts, we found no statistically significant association between long-term exposure to 8 elemental constituents of particles and total cardiovascular mortality. •Few studies explored long term effects of particle composition exposure to cardiovascular mortality.•We included a large population of 322,291 subjects from 19 cohorts in 12 countries of Europe.•Standardized cohort specific analyses were conducted individually and the results were pooled in meta-analysis.•We found no significant association between elemental constituents representing major sources and cardiovascular mortality.•Positive though non-significant associations were found for S and Si.

AB - Background: Associations between long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality have been widely recognized. However, health effects of long-term exposure to constituents of PM on total CVD mortality have been explored in a single study only. Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the association of PM composition with cardiovascular mortality. Methods: We used data from 19 European ongoing cohorts within the framework of the ESCAPE (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects) and TRANSPHORM (Transport related Air Pollution and Health impacts - Integrated Methodologies for Assessing Particulate Matter) projects. Residential annual average exposure to elemental constituents within particle matter smaller than 2.5 and 10μm (PM2.5 and PM10) was estimated using Land Use Regression models. Eight elements representing major sources were selected a priori (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium and zinc). Cohort-specific analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models with a standardized protocol. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate combined effect estimates. Results: The total population consisted of 322,291 participants, with 9545 CVD deaths. We found no statistically significant associations between any of the elemental constituents in PM2.5 or PM10 and CVD mortality in the pooled analysis. Most of the hazard ratios (HRs) were close to unity, e.g. for PM10 Fe the combined HR was 0.96 (0.84-1.09). Elevated combined HRs were found for PM2.5 Si (1.17, 95% CI: 0.93-1.47), and S in PM2.5 (1.08, 95% CI: 0.95-1.22) and PM10 (1.09, 95% CI: 0.90-1.32). Conclusion: In a joint analysis of 19 European cohorts, we found no statistically significant association between long-term exposure to 8 elemental constituents of particles and total cardiovascular mortality. •Few studies explored long term effects of particle composition exposure to cardiovascular mortality.•We included a large population of 322,291 subjects from 19 cohorts in 12 countries of Europe.•Standardized cohort specific analyses were conducted individually and the results were pooled in meta-analysis.•We found no significant association between elemental constituents representing major sources and cardiovascular mortality.•Positive though non-significant associations were found for S and Si.

U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.026

DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.026

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 24561271

SN - 0160-4120

VL - 66

SP - 97

EP - 106

JO - Environment international

JF - Environment international

ER -

Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects

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