Leg and arm lactate and substrate kinetics during exercise

Gerrit Van Hall; M Jensen-Urstad; H Rosdahl; H-C Holmberg; B Saltin; J A L Calbet

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00273.2002

Leg and arm lactate and substrate kinetics during exercise

Gerrit Van Hall, M Jensen-Urstad, H Rosdahl, H-C Holmberg, B Saltin, J A L Calbet

Exercise and Muscle

126 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

To study the role of muscle mass and muscle activity on lactate and energy kinetics during exercise, whole body and limb lactate, glucose, and fatty acid fluxes were determined in six elite cross-country skiers during roller-skiing for 40 min with the diagonal stride (Continuous Arm + Leg) followed by 10 min of double poling and diagonal stride at 72-76% maximal O(2) uptake. A high lactate appearance rate (R(a), 184 +/- 17 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) but a low arterial lactate concentration ( approximately 2.5 mmol/l) were observed during Continuous Arm + Leg despite a substantial net lactate release by the arm of approximately 2.1 mmol/min, which was balanced by a similar net lactate uptake by the leg. Whole body and limb lactate oxidation during Continuous Arm + Leg was approximately 45% at rest and approximately 95% of disappearance rate and limb lactate uptake, respectively. Limb lactate kinetics changed multiple times when exercise mode was changed. Whole body glucose and glycerol turnover was unchanged during the different skiing modes; however, limb net glucose uptake changed severalfold. In conclusion, the arterial lactate concentration can be maintained at a relatively low level despite high lactate R(a) during exercise with a large muscle mass because of the large capacity of active skeletal muscle to take up lactate, which is tightly correlated with lactate delivery. The limb lactate uptake during exercise is oxidized at rates far above resting oxygen consumption, implying that lactate uptake and subsequent oxidation are also dependent on an elevated metabolic rate. The relative contribution of whole body and limb lactate oxidation is between 20 and 30% of total carbohydrate oxidation at rest and during exercise under the various conditions. Skeletal muscle can change its limb net glucose uptake severalfold within minutes, causing a redistribution of the available glucose because whole body glucose turnover was unchanged.

Original language	English
Journal	American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume	284
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	E193-205
ISSN	0193-1849
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00273.2002
Publication status	Published - 2003

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10.1152/ajpendo.00273.2002

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@article{02112e404f7211de87b8000ea68e967b,

title = "Leg and arm lactate and substrate kinetics during exercise",

abstract = "To study the role of muscle mass and muscle activity on lactate and energy kinetics during exercise, whole body and limb lactate, glucose, and fatty acid fluxes were determined in six elite cross-country skiers during roller-skiing for 40 min with the diagonal stride (Continuous Arm + Leg) followed by 10 min of double poling and diagonal stride at 72-76% maximal O(2) uptake. A high lactate appearance rate (R(a), 184 +/- 17 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) but a low arterial lactate concentration ( approximately 2.5 mmol/l) were observed during Continuous Arm + Leg despite a substantial net lactate release by the arm of approximately 2.1 mmol/min, which was balanced by a similar net lactate uptake by the leg. Whole body and limb lactate oxidation during Continuous Arm + Leg was approximately 45% at rest and approximately 95% of disappearance rate and limb lactate uptake, respectively. Limb lactate kinetics changed multiple times when exercise mode was changed. Whole body glucose and glycerol turnover was unchanged during the different skiing modes; however, limb net glucose uptake changed severalfold. In conclusion, the arterial lactate concentration can be maintained at a relatively low level despite high lactate R(a) during exercise with a large muscle mass because of the large capacity of active skeletal muscle to take up lactate, which is tightly correlated with lactate delivery. The limb lactate uptake during exercise is oxidized at rates far above resting oxygen consumption, implying that lactate uptake and subsequent oxidation are also dependent on an elevated metabolic rate. The relative contribution of whole body and limb lactate oxidation is between 20 and 30% of total carbohydrate oxidation at rest and during exercise under the various conditions. Skeletal muscle can change its limb net glucose uptake severalfold within minutes, causing a redistribution of the available glucose because whole body glucose turnover was unchanged.",

author = "{Van Hall}, Gerrit and M Jensen-Urstad and H Rosdahl and H-C Holmberg and B Saltin and Calbet, {J A L}",

note = "Keywords: 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases; Adult; Arm; Arteries; Biopsy; Blood Glucose; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Femoral Artery; Femoral Vein; Heart Atria; Humans; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactic Acid; Leg; Muscle, Skeletal; Oxygen Consumption; Skiing; Subclavian Vein; Sweden; Veins",

year = "2003",

doi = "10.1152/ajpendo.00273.2002",

language = "English",

volume = "284",

pages = "E193--205",

journal = "American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism",

issn = "0193-1849",

publisher = "American Physiological Society",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Leg and arm lactate and substrate kinetics during exercise

AU - Van Hall, Gerrit

AU - Jensen-Urstad, M

AU - Rosdahl, H

AU - Holmberg, H-C

AU - Saltin, B

AU - Calbet, J A L

N1 - Keywords: 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases; Adult; Arm; Arteries; Biopsy; Blood Glucose; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Femoral Artery; Femoral Vein; Heart Atria; Humans; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactic Acid; Leg; Muscle, Skeletal; Oxygen Consumption; Skiing; Subclavian Vein; Sweden; Veins

PY - 2003

Y1 - 2003

N2 - To study the role of muscle mass and muscle activity on lactate and energy kinetics during exercise, whole body and limb lactate, glucose, and fatty acid fluxes were determined in six elite cross-country skiers during roller-skiing for 40 min with the diagonal stride (Continuous Arm + Leg) followed by 10 min of double poling and diagonal stride at 72-76% maximal O(2) uptake. A high lactate appearance rate (R(a), 184 +/- 17 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) but a low arterial lactate concentration ( approximately 2.5 mmol/l) were observed during Continuous Arm + Leg despite a substantial net lactate release by the arm of approximately 2.1 mmol/min, which was balanced by a similar net lactate uptake by the leg. Whole body and limb lactate oxidation during Continuous Arm + Leg was approximately 45% at rest and approximately 95% of disappearance rate and limb lactate uptake, respectively. Limb lactate kinetics changed multiple times when exercise mode was changed. Whole body glucose and glycerol turnover was unchanged during the different skiing modes; however, limb net glucose uptake changed severalfold. In conclusion, the arterial lactate concentration can be maintained at a relatively low level despite high lactate R(a) during exercise with a large muscle mass because of the large capacity of active skeletal muscle to take up lactate, which is tightly correlated with lactate delivery. The limb lactate uptake during exercise is oxidized at rates far above resting oxygen consumption, implying that lactate uptake and subsequent oxidation are also dependent on an elevated metabolic rate. The relative contribution of whole body and limb lactate oxidation is between 20 and 30% of total carbohydrate oxidation at rest and during exercise under the various conditions. Skeletal muscle can change its limb net glucose uptake severalfold within minutes, causing a redistribution of the available glucose because whole body glucose turnover was unchanged.

AB - To study the role of muscle mass and muscle activity on lactate and energy kinetics during exercise, whole body and limb lactate, glucose, and fatty acid fluxes were determined in six elite cross-country skiers during roller-skiing for 40 min with the diagonal stride (Continuous Arm + Leg) followed by 10 min of double poling and diagonal stride at 72-76% maximal O(2) uptake. A high lactate appearance rate (R(a), 184 +/- 17 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) but a low arterial lactate concentration ( approximately 2.5 mmol/l) were observed during Continuous Arm + Leg despite a substantial net lactate release by the arm of approximately 2.1 mmol/min, which was balanced by a similar net lactate uptake by the leg. Whole body and limb lactate oxidation during Continuous Arm + Leg was approximately 45% at rest and approximately 95% of disappearance rate and limb lactate uptake, respectively. Limb lactate kinetics changed multiple times when exercise mode was changed. Whole body glucose and glycerol turnover was unchanged during the different skiing modes; however, limb net glucose uptake changed severalfold. In conclusion, the arterial lactate concentration can be maintained at a relatively low level despite high lactate R(a) during exercise with a large muscle mass because of the large capacity of active skeletal muscle to take up lactate, which is tightly correlated with lactate delivery. The limb lactate uptake during exercise is oxidized at rates far above resting oxygen consumption, implying that lactate uptake and subsequent oxidation are also dependent on an elevated metabolic rate. The relative contribution of whole body and limb lactate oxidation is between 20 and 30% of total carbohydrate oxidation at rest and during exercise under the various conditions. Skeletal muscle can change its limb net glucose uptake severalfold within minutes, causing a redistribution of the available glucose because whole body glucose turnover was unchanged.

U2 - 10.1152/ajpendo.00273.2002

DO - 10.1152/ajpendo.00273.2002

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 12388120

SN - 0193-1849

VL - 284

SP - E193-205

JO - American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism

JF - American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism

IS - 1

ER -

Leg and arm lactate and substrate kinetics during exercise

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