KOI-142, the king of transit variations, is a pair of planets near the 2:1 resonance

David Nesvorný; David Kipping; Dirk Terrell; Joel Hartman; Gáspár A. Bakos; Lars A. Buchhave

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/777/1/3

KOI-142, the king of transit variations, is a pair of planets near the 2:1 resonance

David Nesvorný, David Kipping, Dirk Terrell, Joel Hartman, Gáspár A. Bakos, Lars A. Buchhave

Astrophysics and Planetary Science

54 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The transit timing variations (TTVs) can be used as a diagnostic of gravitational interactions between planets in a multi-planet system. Many Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs) exhibit significant TTVs, but KOI-142.01 stands out among them with an unrivaled ≃12 hr TTV amplitude. Here we report a thorough analysis of KOI-142.01's transits. We discover periodic transit duration variations (TDVs) of KOI-142.01 that are nearly in phase with the observed TTVs. We show that KOI-142.01's TTVs and TDVs uniquely detect a non-transiting companion with a mass ≃0.63 that of Jupiter (KOI-142c). KOI-142.01's mass inferred from the transit variations is consistent with the measured transit depth, suggesting a Neptune-class planet (KOI-142b). The orbital period ratio P_c /P_b = 2.03 indicates that the two planets are just wide of the 2:1 resonance. The present dynamics of this system, characterized here in detail, can be used to test various formation theories that have been proposed to explain the near-resonant pairs of exoplanets.

Original language	English
Article number	3
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	777
Issue number	1
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0004-637X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/777/1/3
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2013

Access to Document

10.1088/0004-637X/777/1/3

Cite this

@article{70950b9e0dde4fe8a02d63bde23ccf36,

title = "KOI-142, the king of transit variations, is a pair of planets near the 2:1 resonance",

abstract = "The transit timing variations (TTVs) can be used as a diagnostic of gravitational interactions between planets in a multi-planet system. Many Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs) exhibit significant TTVs, but KOI-142.01 stands out among them with an unrivaled ≃12 hr TTV amplitude. Here we report a thorough analysis of KOI-142.01's transits. We discover periodic transit duration variations (TDVs) of KOI-142.01 that are nearly in phase with the observed TTVs. We show that KOI-142.01's TTVs and TDVs uniquely detect a non-transiting companion with a mass ≃0.63 that of Jupiter (KOI-142c). KOI-142.01's mass inferred from the transit variations is consistent with the measured transit depth, suggesting a Neptune-class planet (KOI-142b). The orbital period ratio Pc /Pb = 2.03 indicates that the two planets are just wide of the 2:1 resonance. The present dynamics of this system, characterized here in detail, can be used to test various formation theories that have been proposed to explain the near-resonant pairs of exoplanets.",

author = "David Nesvorn{\'y} and David Kipping and Dirk Terrell and Joel Hartman and Bakos, {G{\'a}sp{\'a}r A.} and Buchhave, {Lars A.}",

year = "2013",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1088/0004-637X/777/1/3",

language = "English",

volume = "777",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - KOI-142, the king of transit variations, is a pair of planets near the 2:1 resonance

AU - Nesvorný, David

AU - Kipping, David

AU - Terrell, Dirk

AU - Hartman, Joel

AU - Bakos, Gáspár A.

AU - Buchhave, Lars A.

PY - 2013/11/1

Y1 - 2013/11/1

N2 - The transit timing variations (TTVs) can be used as a diagnostic of gravitational interactions between planets in a multi-planet system. Many Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs) exhibit significant TTVs, but KOI-142.01 stands out among them with an unrivaled ≃12 hr TTV amplitude. Here we report a thorough analysis of KOI-142.01's transits. We discover periodic transit duration variations (TDVs) of KOI-142.01 that are nearly in phase with the observed TTVs. We show that KOI-142.01's TTVs and TDVs uniquely detect a non-transiting companion with a mass ≃0.63 that of Jupiter (KOI-142c). KOI-142.01's mass inferred from the transit variations is consistent with the measured transit depth, suggesting a Neptune-class planet (KOI-142b). The orbital period ratio Pc /Pb = 2.03 indicates that the two planets are just wide of the 2:1 resonance. The present dynamics of this system, characterized here in detail, can be used to test various formation theories that have been proposed to explain the near-resonant pairs of exoplanets.

AB - The transit timing variations (TTVs) can be used as a diagnostic of gravitational interactions between planets in a multi-planet system. Many Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs) exhibit significant TTVs, but KOI-142.01 stands out among them with an unrivaled ≃12 hr TTV amplitude. Here we report a thorough analysis of KOI-142.01's transits. We discover periodic transit duration variations (TDVs) of KOI-142.01 that are nearly in phase with the observed TTVs. We show that KOI-142.01's TTVs and TDVs uniquely detect a non-transiting companion with a mass ≃0.63 that of Jupiter (KOI-142c). KOI-142.01's mass inferred from the transit variations is consistent with the measured transit depth, suggesting a Neptune-class planet (KOI-142b). The orbital period ratio Pc /Pb = 2.03 indicates that the two planets are just wide of the 2:1 resonance. The present dynamics of this system, characterized here in detail, can be used to test various formation theories that have been proposed to explain the near-resonant pairs of exoplanets.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84886064622&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/777/1/3

DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/777/1/3

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:84886064622

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 777

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 3

ER -

KOI-142, the king of transit variations, is a pair of planets near the 2:1 resonance

Abstract

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this