Abstract
Human ABCG2 is a plasma membrane glycoprotein working as a homodimer or homo-oligomer. The protein plays an important role in the protection/detoxification of various tissues and may also be responsible for the multidrug-resistant phenotype of cancer cells. In our previous study we found that the 5D3 monoclonal antibody shows a function-dependent reactivity to an extracellular epitope of the ABCG2 transporter. In the current experiments we have further characterized the 5D3-ABCG2 interaction. The effect of chemical cross-linking and the modulation of extracellular S-S bridges on the transporter function and 5D3 reactivity of ABCG2 were investigated in depth. We found that several protein cross-linkers greatly increased 5D3 labeling in ABCG2 expressing HEK cells; however, there was no correlation between covalent dimer formation, the inhibition of transport activity, and the increase in 5D3 binding. Dithiothreitol treatment, which reduced the extracellular S-S bridge-forming cysteines of ABCG2, had no effect on transport function but caused a significant decrease in 5D3 binding. When analyzing ABCG2 mutants carrying Cys-to-Ala changes in the extracellular loop, we found that the mutant C603A (lacking the intermolecular S-S bond) showed comparable transport activity and 5D3 reactivity to the wild-type ABCG2. However, disruption of the intramolecular S-S bridge (in C592A, C608A, or C592A/C608A mutants) in this loop abolished 5D3 binding, whereas the function of the protein was preserved. Based on these results and ab initio folding simulations, we propose a model for the large extracellular loop of the ABCG2 protein.
Original language | English |
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Journal | The Journal of Biological Chemistry |
Volume | 283 |
Issue number | 38 |
Pages (from-to) | 26059-26070 |
Number of pages | 12 |
ISSN | 0021-9258 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2008 |
Keywords
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
- Antibodies, Monoclonal
- Cross-Linking Reagents
- Cysteine
- Dimerization
- Dithiothreitol
- Epitopes
- Formaldehyde
- Humans
- Membrane Transport Proteins
- Models, Biological
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Proteins
- Polymers
- Protein Binding
- Protein Conformation
- Protein Folding