Increased incidence rates of trauma and stressor related disorders in Denmark following the 9/11 attacks

TY - JOUR

T1 - Increased incidence rates of trauma and stressor related disorders in Denmark following the 9/11 attacks

AU - Hansen, Bertel Teilfeldt

AU - Østergaard, Søren Dinesen

AU - Sønderskov, Kim Mannemar

AU - Dinesen, Peter Thisted

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - The terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001 (hereafter referred to as 9/11) in the United States had a profound impact on the physical and mental health of Americans, but the effects beyond the United States are largely unknown. To understand the wider aftermath, we examined the consequences of the 9/11 attacks on mental disorders in the Kingdom of Denmark. Utilizing population data from the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register from 1995 to 2012, we used a time-series intervention approach to estimate the change in the incidence rate of mental disorders after the 9/11 attacks. Based on analyses of 1,448,250 contacts with psychiatric services, we found that the attacks were followed by an immediate 16% increase in the incidence rate of trauma- and stressor-related disorders. This surge dissipated approximately a year after 9/11. In contrast, no similar increases were found for other disorders. This is consistent with the prominent role of external stressors in the etiology of trauma- and stressor-related disorders. The results indicate that the effects of 9/11 on mental disorders extended across the Atlantic Ocean to Denmark. Thus, the impact of terrorist attacks on mental health is likely not limited to inhabitants of the country under attack; it also extends to people far away and without immediate relation to it.

AB - The terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001 (hereafter referred to as 9/11) in the United States had a profound impact on the physical and mental health of Americans, but the effects beyond the United States are largely unknown. To understand the wider aftermath, we examined the consequences of the 9/11 attacks on mental disorders in the Kingdom of Denmark. Utilizing population data from the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register from 1995 to 2012, we used a time-series intervention approach to estimate the change in the incidence rate of mental disorders after the 9/11 attacks. Based on analyses of 1,448,250 contacts with psychiatric services, we found that the attacks were followed by an immediate 16% increase in the incidence rate of trauma- and stressor-related disorders. This surge dissipated approximately a year after 9/11. In contrast, no similar increases were found for other disorders. This is consistent with the prominent role of external stressors in the etiology of trauma- and stressor-related disorders. The results indicate that the effects of 9/11 on mental disorders extended across the Atlantic Ocean to Denmark. Thus, the impact of terrorist attacks on mental health is likely not limited to inhabitants of the country under attack; it also extends to people far away and without immediate relation to it.

KW - Faculty of Social Sciences

KW - interrupted time series analysis

KW - September 11 terrorist attacks

KW - terrorism

KW - trauma- and stressor-related disorders

UR - http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/184/7/494.abstract

U2 - 10.1093/aje/kww089

DO - 10.1093/aje/kww089

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 27608664

SN - 0002-9262

VL - 184

SP - 494

EP - 500

JO - American Journal of Epidemiology

JF - American Journal of Epidemiology

IS - 7

ER -