Incorporating an Optical Clock into a Time Scale at NIST: Simulations and Preliminary Real-Data Analysis

Jeffrey Sherman; Tara Fortier; Jian Yao; Jian Parker; Thomas Levine; Joshua Savory; Stefania Romisch; William McGrew; Xiaogang Zhang; Daniele Nicolodi; Robert Fasano; Stefan Alaric Schäffer; Kyle Beloy; Andrew Ludlow

doi:10.33012/2018.15624

Incorporating an Optical Clock into a Time Scale at NIST: Simulations and Preliminary Real-Data Analysis

Jeffrey Sherman, Tara Fortier, Jian Yao, Jian Parker, Thomas Levine, Joshua Savory, Stefania Romisch, William McGrew, Xiaogang Zhang, Daniele Nicolodi, Robert Fasano, Stefan Alaric Schäffer, Kyle Beloy, Andrew Ludlow

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Abstract

This paper describes the recent NIST work on incorporating an optical clock into a time scale. We simulate a time scale composed of continuously-operating commercial hydrogen masers and an optical frequency standard that does not operate continuously as a clock. The simulations indicate that to achieve the same performance of a continuously-operating Cs-fountain time scale, it is necessary to run an optical frequency standard 12 min per half a day, or 1 hour per day, or 4 hours per 2.33 day, or 12 hours per week. Following the simulations, a Yb optical clock at NIST was frequently operated during the periods of 2017 March – April and 2017 late October – late December. During this operation, comb-mediated measurements between the Yb clock and a hydrogen maser had durations ranging from a few minutes to a few hours, depending on the experimental arrangements. This paper analyzes these real data preliminarily, and discusses the results. More data are needed to make a more complete assessment.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 49th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting
Place of Publication	Reston, Virginia
Publisher	Wiley
Publication date	29 Jan 2018
Pages	11-21
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.33012/2018.15624
Publication status	Published - 29 Jan 2018

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Sherman, J., Fortier, T., Yao, J., Parker, J., Levine, T., Savory, J., Romisch, S., McGrew, W., Zhang, X., Nicolodi, D., Fasano, R., Schäffer, S. A., Beloy, K., & Ludlow, A. (2018). Incorporating an Optical Clock into a Time Scale at NIST: Simulations and Preliminary Real-Data Analysis. In Proceedings of the 49th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting (pp. 11-21). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.33012/2018.15624

Incorporating an Optical Clock into a Time Scale at NIST: Simulations and Preliminary Real-Data Analysis. / Sherman, Jeffrey; Fortier, Tara; Yao, Jian et al.
Proceedings of the 49th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting. Reston, Virginia : Wiley, 2018. p. 11-21.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

Sherman, J, Fortier, T, Yao, J, Parker, J, Levine, T, Savory, J, Romisch, S, McGrew, W, Zhang, X, Nicolodi, D, Fasano, R, Schäffer, SA, Beloy, K & Ludlow, A 2018, Incorporating an Optical Clock into a Time Scale at NIST: Simulations and Preliminary Real-Data Analysis. in Proceedings of the 49th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting. Wiley, Reston, Virginia , pp. 11-21. https://doi.org/10.33012/2018.15624

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abstract = "This paper describes the recent NIST work on incorporating an optical clock into a time scale. We simulate a time scale composed of continuously-operating commercial hydrogen masers and an optical frequency standard that does not operate continuously as a clock. The simulations indicate that to achieve the same performance of a continuously-operating Cs-fountain time scale, it is necessary to run an optical frequency standard 12 min per half a day, or 1 hour per day, or 4 hours per 2.33 day, or 12 hours per week. Following the simulations, a Yb optical clock at NIST was frequently operated during the periods of 2017 March – April and 2017 late October – late December. During this operation, comb-mediated measurements between the Yb clock and a hydrogen maser had durations ranging from a few minutes to a few hours, depending on the experimental arrangements. This paper analyzes these real data preliminarily, and discusses the results. More data are needed to make a more complete assessment.",

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AU - McGrew, William

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AB - This paper describes the recent NIST work on incorporating an optical clock into a time scale. We simulate a time scale composed of continuously-operating commercial hydrogen masers and an optical frequency standard that does not operate continuously as a clock. The simulations indicate that to achieve the same performance of a continuously-operating Cs-fountain time scale, it is necessary to run an optical frequency standard 12 min per half a day, or 1 hour per day, or 4 hours per 2.33 day, or 12 hours per week. Following the simulations, a Yb optical clock at NIST was frequently operated during the periods of 2017 March – April and 2017 late October – late December. During this operation, comb-mediated measurements between the Yb clock and a hydrogen maser had durations ranging from a few minutes to a few hours, depending on the experimental arrangements. This paper analyzes these real data preliminarily, and discusses the results. More data are needed to make a more complete assessment.

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Incorporating an Optical Clock into a Time Scale at NIST: Simulations and Preliminary Real-Data Analysis

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