Inactivation of norovirus surrogates on surfaces and raspberries by steam-ultrasound treatment

Anna Charlotte Schultz; Katrine Uhrbrand; Birgit Nørrung; Anders Dalsgaard

doi:10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-271

Inactivation of norovirus surrogates on surfaces and raspberries by steam-ultrasound treatment

Anna Charlotte Schultz, Katrine Uhrbrand, Birgit Nørrung, Anders Dalsgaard

14 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Human disease outbreaks caused by norovirus (NoV) following consumption of contaminated raspberries are an increasing problem. An efficient method to decontaminate the fragile raspberries and the equipment used for processing would be an important step in ensuring food safety. A potential surface treatment that combines pressurized steam and high-power ultrasound (steam-ultrasound) was assessed for its efficacy to inactivate human NoV surrogates: coliphage (MS2), feline calicivirus (FCV), and murine norovirus (MNV) inoculated on plastic surfaces and MS2 inoculated on fresh raspberries. The amounts of infectious virus and viral genomes were determined by plaque assay and reverse transcription-real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), respectively. On plastic surfaces, an inactivation of >99.99% was obtained for both MS2 and FCV, corresponding to a 9.1-log and >4.8-log reduction after 1 or 3 s of treatment, respectively; while a 3.7-log (99.97%) reduction of MNV was reached after 3 s of treatment. However, on fresh raspberries only a 1-log reduction (~89%) of MS2 could be achieved after 1 s of treatment, at which point damage to the texture of the fresh raspberries was evident. Increasing treatment time (0 to 3 s) resulted in negligible reductions of viral genome titers of MS2, FCV, and MNV on plastic surfaces as well as of MS2 inoculated on raspberries. Steamultrasound treatment in its current format does not appear to be an appropriate method to achieve sufficient decontamination of NoV-contaminated raspberries. However, steam-ultrasound may be used to decontaminate smooth surface areas and utensils in food production and processing environments.

Original language	English
Journal	Journal of Food Protection
Volume	75
Issue number	2
Pages (from-to)	376-381
Number of pages	6
ISSN	0362-028X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-271
Publication status	Published - 2012

Keywords

Animals
Colony Count, Microbial
Consumer Product Safety
Food Contamination
Food Microbiology
Fruit
Humans
Norovirus
Plastics
Steam
Ultrasonics
Virus Inactivation

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-271

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@article{22fe30b6f5db44169a5a083cc67da2d1,

title = "Inactivation of norovirus surrogates on surfaces and raspberries by steam-ultrasound treatment",

abstract = "Human disease outbreaks caused by norovirus (NoV) following consumption of contaminated raspberries are an increasing problem. An efficient method to decontaminate the fragile raspberries and the equipment used for processing would be an important step in ensuring food safety. A potential surface treatment that combines pressurized steam and high-power ultrasound (steam-ultrasound) was assessed for its efficacy to inactivate human NoV surrogates: coliphage (MS2), feline calicivirus (FCV), and murine norovirus (MNV) inoculated on plastic surfaces and MS2 inoculated on fresh raspberries. The amounts of infectious virus and viral genomes were determined by plaque assay and reverse transcription-real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), respectively. On plastic surfaces, an inactivation of >99.99% was obtained for both MS2 and FCV, corresponding to a 9.1-log and >4.8-log reduction after 1 or 3 s of treatment, respectively; while a 3.7-log (99.97%) reduction of MNV was reached after 3 s of treatment. However, on fresh raspberries only a 1-log reduction (~89%) of MS2 could be achieved after 1 s of treatment, at which point damage to the texture of the fresh raspberries was evident. Increasing treatment time (0 to 3 s) resulted in negligible reductions of viral genome titers of MS2, FCV, and MNV on plastic surfaces as well as of MS2 inoculated on raspberries. Steamultrasound treatment in its current format does not appear to be an appropriate method to achieve sufficient decontamination of NoV-contaminated raspberries. However, steam-ultrasound may be used to decontaminate smooth surface areas and utensils in food production and processing environments.",

keywords = "Animals, Colony Count, Microbial, Consumer Product Safety, Food Contamination, Food Microbiology, Fruit, Humans, Norovirus, Plastics, Steam, Ultrasonics, Virus Inactivation",

author = "Schultz, {Anna Charlotte} and Katrine Uhrbrand and Birgit N{\o}rrung and Anders Dalsgaard",

year = "2012",

doi = "10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-271",

language = "English",

volume = "75",

pages = "376--381",

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T1 - Inactivation of norovirus surrogates on surfaces and raspberries by steam-ultrasound treatment

AU - Schultz, Anna Charlotte

AU - Uhrbrand, Katrine

AU - Nørrung, Birgit

AU - Dalsgaard, Anders

PY - 2012

Y1 - 2012

N2 - Human disease outbreaks caused by norovirus (NoV) following consumption of contaminated raspberries are an increasing problem. An efficient method to decontaminate the fragile raspberries and the equipment used for processing would be an important step in ensuring food safety. A potential surface treatment that combines pressurized steam and high-power ultrasound (steam-ultrasound) was assessed for its efficacy to inactivate human NoV surrogates: coliphage (MS2), feline calicivirus (FCV), and murine norovirus (MNV) inoculated on plastic surfaces and MS2 inoculated on fresh raspberries. The amounts of infectious virus and viral genomes were determined by plaque assay and reverse transcription-real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), respectively. On plastic surfaces, an inactivation of >99.99% was obtained for both MS2 and FCV, corresponding to a 9.1-log and >4.8-log reduction after 1 or 3 s of treatment, respectively; while a 3.7-log (99.97%) reduction of MNV was reached after 3 s of treatment. However, on fresh raspberries only a 1-log reduction (~89%) of MS2 could be achieved after 1 s of treatment, at which point damage to the texture of the fresh raspberries was evident. Increasing treatment time (0 to 3 s) resulted in negligible reductions of viral genome titers of MS2, FCV, and MNV on plastic surfaces as well as of MS2 inoculated on raspberries. Steamultrasound treatment in its current format does not appear to be an appropriate method to achieve sufficient decontamination of NoV-contaminated raspberries. However, steam-ultrasound may be used to decontaminate smooth surface areas and utensils in food production and processing environments.

AB - Human disease outbreaks caused by norovirus (NoV) following consumption of contaminated raspberries are an increasing problem. An efficient method to decontaminate the fragile raspberries and the equipment used for processing would be an important step in ensuring food safety. A potential surface treatment that combines pressurized steam and high-power ultrasound (steam-ultrasound) was assessed for its efficacy to inactivate human NoV surrogates: coliphage (MS2), feline calicivirus (FCV), and murine norovirus (MNV) inoculated on plastic surfaces and MS2 inoculated on fresh raspberries. The amounts of infectious virus and viral genomes were determined by plaque assay and reverse transcription-real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), respectively. On plastic surfaces, an inactivation of >99.99% was obtained for both MS2 and FCV, corresponding to a 9.1-log and >4.8-log reduction after 1 or 3 s of treatment, respectively; while a 3.7-log (99.97%) reduction of MNV was reached after 3 s of treatment. However, on fresh raspberries only a 1-log reduction (~89%) of MS2 could be achieved after 1 s of treatment, at which point damage to the texture of the fresh raspberries was evident. Increasing treatment time (0 to 3 s) resulted in negligible reductions of viral genome titers of MS2, FCV, and MNV on plastic surfaces as well as of MS2 inoculated on raspberries. Steamultrasound treatment in its current format does not appear to be an appropriate method to achieve sufficient decontamination of NoV-contaminated raspberries. However, steam-ultrasound may be used to decontaminate smooth surface areas and utensils in food production and processing environments.

KW - Animals

KW - Colony Count, Microbial

KW - Consumer Product Safety

KW - Food Contamination

KW - Food Microbiology

KW - Fruit

KW - Humans

KW - Norovirus

KW - Plastics

KW - Steam

KW - Ultrasonics

KW - Virus Inactivation

U2 - 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-271

DO - 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-271

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 22289601

SN - 0362-028X

VL - 75

SP - 376

EP - 381

JO - Journal of Food Protection

JF - Journal of Food Protection

IS - 2

ER -

Inactivation of norovirus surrogates on surfaces and raspberries by steam-ultrasound treatment

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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