Impaired down-regulation of negative emotion in self-referent social situations in bipolar disorder: A pilot study of a novel experimental paradigm

TY - JOUR

T1 - Impaired down-regulation of negative emotion in self-referent social situations in bipolar disorder

T2 - A pilot study of a novel experimental paradigm

AU - Kjærstad, Hanne L

AU - Vinberg, Maj

AU - Goldin, Philippe R

AU - Køster, Nicolai

AU - Støttrup, Mette Marie D

AU - Knorr, Ulla

AU - Kessing, Lars V

AU - Miskowiak, Kamilla W

N1 - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

PY - 2016/4/30

Y1 - 2016/4/30

N2 - Emotion dysregulation is a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD) that persists into periods of remission. Neuroimaging studies show aberrant neural responses during emotion regulation (ER) in patients with BD relative to healthy controls, but behavioural evidence for ER deficits is sparse and conflicting. This study aimed to explore ER in BD using a novel, personally relevant experimental paradigm. Twenty patients with BD and 20 patients with unipolar disorder (UD), in full or partial remission, and 20 healthy controls were given a novel computerised test. Participants were instructed to react naturally or dampen their emotional response to positive and negative social scenarios and associated self-beliefs. They were also given an established experimental task for comparison, involving reappraisal of negative affective picture stimuli, as well as a questionnaire of habitual ER strategies. BD patients showed reduced ability to down-regulate emotional responses in negative, but not positive, social scenarios relative to healthy controls and UD patients. In contrast, there were no between-group differences in the established ER task or in self-reported habitual reappraisal strategies. Findings highlight the novel social scenario paradigm as a sensitive test for detection of ER difficulties in BD.

AB - Emotion dysregulation is a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD) that persists into periods of remission. Neuroimaging studies show aberrant neural responses during emotion regulation (ER) in patients with BD relative to healthy controls, but behavioural evidence for ER deficits is sparse and conflicting. This study aimed to explore ER in BD using a novel, personally relevant experimental paradigm. Twenty patients with BD and 20 patients with unipolar disorder (UD), in full or partial remission, and 20 healthy controls were given a novel computerised test. Participants were instructed to react naturally or dampen their emotional response to positive and negative social scenarios and associated self-beliefs. They were also given an established experimental task for comparison, involving reappraisal of negative affective picture stimuli, as well as a questionnaire of habitual ER strategies. BD patients showed reduced ability to down-regulate emotional responses in negative, but not positive, social scenarios relative to healthy controls and UD patients. In contrast, there were no between-group differences in the established ER task or in self-reported habitual reappraisal strategies. Findings highlight the novel social scenario paradigm as a sensitive test for detection of ER difficulties in BD.

KW - Adult

KW - Affective Symptoms

KW - Bipolar Disorder

KW - Case-Control Studies

KW - Down-Regulation

KW - Emotions

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Pilot Projects

KW - Journal Article

U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.047

DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.047

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 27086251

SN - 0165-1781

VL - 238

SP - 318

EP - 325

JO - Psychiatry Research

JF - Psychiatry Research

ER -