Impact of weight loss and maintenance with ad libitum diets varying in protein and glycemic index content on metabolic syndrome

TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of weight loss and maintenance with ad libitum diets varying in protein and glycemic index content on metabolic syndrome

AU - Papadaki, Angeliki

AU - Linardakis, Manolis

AU - Plada, Maria

AU - Larsen, Thomas Meinert

AU - Damsgaard, Camilla Trab

AU - van Baak, Marleen A

AU - Jebb, Susan

AU - Pfeiffer, Andreas F H

AU - Martinez, J Alfredo

AU - Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora

AU - Kunešová, Marie

AU - Holst, Claus

AU - Saris, Wim H M

AU - Astrup, Arne

AU - Kafatos, Anthony

N1 - CURIS 2014 NEXS 010

PY - 2014/4

Y1 - 2014/4

N2 - Objectives: We investigated the effects of weight loss and maintenance with diets that varied with regard to protein content and glycemic index (GI) on metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) status. Methods: Secondary analyses were performed within the Diet, Obesity and Genes (DiOGenes) study (2006-2008), a randomized controlled dietary intervention. Nine hundred and thirty-eight overweight and obese adults from eight European countries entered an 8-wk low-calorie-diet period. Seven hundred and seventy-three adults who lost at least 8% of their body weights were randomized to one of five ad libitum diets for 6 mo: 1) low-protein (LP)/low-GI (LGI); 2) LP/high-GI (HGI); 3) high-protein (HP)/LGI; 4) HP/HGI; and 5) control diet. MetSyn prevalence and a standardized MetSyn score were assessed at baseline, after the low-calorie diet, and after the intervention. Results: Weight loss among participants while on the low-calorie diet significantly reduced MetSyn prevalence (33.9% versus 15.9%; P < 0.001) and MetSyn score (-1.48 versus -4.45; P < 0.001). During weight maintenance, significant changes in MetSyn score were observed between the groups, with the highest increase detected in the LP/HGI group (P = 0.039, partial 2 = 0.023). Protein, GI, and their interaction did not have isolated effects on study outcomes. Conclusions: Neither protein nor GI affected MetSyn status in this sample of European overweight and obese adults. However, a diet with a combination of an increased protein-to-carbohydrate ratio with low-GI foods had beneficial effects on MetSyn factors.

AB - Objectives: We investigated the effects of weight loss and maintenance with diets that varied with regard to protein content and glycemic index (GI) on metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) status. Methods: Secondary analyses were performed within the Diet, Obesity and Genes (DiOGenes) study (2006-2008), a randomized controlled dietary intervention. Nine hundred and thirty-eight overweight and obese adults from eight European countries entered an 8-wk low-calorie-diet period. Seven hundred and seventy-three adults who lost at least 8% of their body weights were randomized to one of five ad libitum diets for 6 mo: 1) low-protein (LP)/low-GI (LGI); 2) LP/high-GI (HGI); 3) high-protein (HP)/LGI; 4) HP/HGI; and 5) control diet. MetSyn prevalence and a standardized MetSyn score were assessed at baseline, after the low-calorie diet, and after the intervention. Results: Weight loss among participants while on the low-calorie diet significantly reduced MetSyn prevalence (33.9% versus 15.9%; P < 0.001) and MetSyn score (-1.48 versus -4.45; P < 0.001). During weight maintenance, significant changes in MetSyn score were observed between the groups, with the highest increase detected in the LP/HGI group (P = 0.039, partial 2 = 0.023). Protein, GI, and their interaction did not have isolated effects on study outcomes. Conclusions: Neither protein nor GI affected MetSyn status in this sample of European overweight and obese adults. However, a diet with a combination of an increased protein-to-carbohydrate ratio with low-GI foods had beneficial effects on MetSyn factors.

U2 - 10.1016/j.nut.2013.09.001

DO - 10.1016/j.nut.2013.09.001

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 24369912

SN - 0899-9007

VL - 30

SP - 410

EP - 417

JO - Nutrition

JF - Nutrition

IS - 4

ER -