Abstract
IL-33, an IL-1 family member and ligand for the IL-1 receptor-related protein ST2, has been associated with induction of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Here, we report that IL-33 can initiate IL-9 protein secretion in vitro in human CD4+ T cells and basophils isolated from peripheral blood. TGF-β has been described as a critical factor for IL-9 induction in Th2 cells; however, we found that TGF-β also induces co-production of IL-9 in purified, naïve (>99%) CD4(+)CD45RA(+)CD45RO(-)CD25(-) T cells differentiated towards a Th1 profile. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that TGF-β is important, although not an absolute requirement, for IL-9 production in CD4+ T cells. IL-9 production by purified (>95%) human basophils, cultured for 24 h with IL-3 or IL-33, was found, with a strong synergy between the two, likely to be explained by the IL-3 upregulated ST2 expression. Collectively, these data indicate that barrier functioning cells are important for the regulation of IL-9 production by immune cells in inflamed tissue.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e21695 |
| Journal | P L o S One |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2011 |
Keywords
- Basophils
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
- Cell Separation
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Interleukin-4
- Interleukin-9
- Interleukins
- RNA, Messenger
- Receptors, Cell Surface
- Th1 Cells
- Th2 Cells
- Transforming Growth Factor beta