HbA1c, fasting and 2 h plasma glucose in current, ex- and never-smokers: a meta-analysis

Soraya Soulimane; Dominique Simon; William H Herman; Celine Lange; Crystal M Y Lee; Stephen Colagiuri; Jonathan E Shaw; Paul Z Zimmet; Dianna Magliano; Sandra R G Ferreira; Yanghu Dong; Lei Zhang; Torben Jorgensen; Jaakko Tuomilehto; Viswanathan Mohan; Dirk Lund Christensen; Lydia Kaduka; Jacqueline M Dekker; Giel Nijpels; Coen D A Stehouwer; Olivier Lantieri; Wilfred Y Fujimoto; Donna L Leonetti; Marguerite J McNeely; Knut Borch-Johnsen; Edward J Boyko; Dorte Vistisen; Beverley Balkau; DETECT-2 Study Group

doi:10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y

HbA1c, fasting and 2 h plasma glucose in current, ex- and never-smokers: a meta-analysis

Soraya Soulimane, Dominique Simon, William H Herman, Celine Lange, Crystal M Y Lee, Stephen Colagiuri, Jonathan E Shaw, Paul Z Zimmet, Dianna Magliano, Sandra R G Ferreira, Yanghu Dong, Lei Zhang, Torben Jorgensen, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Viswanathan Mohan, Dirk Lund Christensen, Lydia Kaduka, Jacqueline M Dekker, Giel Nijpels, Coen D A StehouwerOlivier Lantieri, Wilfred Y Fujimoto, Donna L Leonetti, Marguerite J McNeely, Knut Borch-Johnsen, Edward J Boyko, Dorte Vistisen, Beverley Balkau, DETECT-2 Study Group

36 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The relationships between smoking and glycaemic variables have not been well explored. We compared HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 h plasma glucose (2H-PG) in current, ex- and never-smokers.

METHODS: This meta-analysis used individual data from 16,886 men and 18,539 women without known diabetes in 12 DETECT-2 consortium studies and in the French Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) and Telecom studies. Means of three glycaemic variables in current, ex- and never-smokers were modelled by linear regression, with study as a random factor. The I (2) statistic was used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies.

RESULTS: HbA1c was 0.10% (95% CI 0.08, 0.12) (1.1 mmol/mol [0.9, 1.3]) higher in current smokers and 0.03% (0.01, 0.05) (0.3 mmol/mol [0.1, 0.5]) higher in ex-smokers, compared with never-smokers. For FPG, there was no significant difference between current and never-smokers (-0.004 mmol/l [-0.03, 0.02]) but FPG was higher in ex-smokers (0.12 mmol/l [0.09, 0.14]). In comparison with never-smokers, 2H-PG was lower (-0.44 mmol/l [-0.52, -0.37]) in current smokers, with no difference for ex-smokers (0.02 mmol/l [-0.06, 0.09]). There was a large and unexplained heterogeneity among studies, with I (2) always above 50%; I (2) was little changed after stratification by sex and adjustment for age and BMI. In this study population, current smokers had a prevalence of diabetes that was 1.30% higher as screened by HbA1c and 0.52% lower as screened by 2H-PG, in comparison with never-smokers.

CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Across this heterogeneous group of studies, current smokers had a higher HbA1c and lower 2H-PG than never-smokers. This will affect the chances of smokers being diagnosed with diabetes.

Original language	English
Journal	Diabetologia
Volume	57
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	30-9
Number of pages	10
ISSN	0012-186X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y
Publication status	Published - Jan 2014

Keywords

Blood Glucose
Fasting
Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated
Humans
Smoking

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y

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Soulimane, S., Simon, D., Herman, W. H., Lange, C., Lee, C. M. Y., Colagiuri, S., Shaw, J. E., Zimmet, P. Z., Magliano, D., Ferreira, S. R. G., Dong, Y., Zhang, L., Jorgensen, T., Tuomilehto, J., Mohan, V., Christensen, D. L., Kaduka, L., Dekker, J. M., Nijpels, G., ... DETECT-2 Study Group (2014). HbA1c, fasting and 2 h plasma glucose in current, ex- and never-smokers: a meta-analysis. Diabetologia, 57(1), 30-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y

Soulimane, S, Simon, D, Herman, WH, Lange, C, Lee, CMY, Colagiuri, S, Shaw, JE, Zimmet, PZ, Magliano, D, Ferreira, SRG, Dong, Y, Zhang, L, Jorgensen, T, Tuomilehto, J, Mohan, V, Christensen, DL, Kaduka, L, Dekker, JM, Nijpels, G, Stehouwer, CDA, Lantieri, O, Fujimoto, WY, Leonetti, DL, McNeely, MJ, Borch-Johnsen, K, Boyko, EJ, Vistisen, D, Balkau, B & DETECT-2 Study Group 2014, 'HbA1c, fasting and 2 h plasma glucose in current, ex- and never-smokers: a meta-analysis', Diabetologia, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 30-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y

@article{3242ce0a76084b47a3d74bcc69580985,

title = "HbA1c, fasting and 2 h plasma glucose in current, ex- and never-smokers: a meta-analysis",

abstract = "AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The relationships between smoking and glycaemic variables have not been well explored. We compared HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 h plasma glucose (2H-PG) in current, ex- and never-smokers.METHODS: This meta-analysis used individual data from 16,886 men and 18,539 women without known diabetes in 12 DETECT-2 consortium studies and in the French Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) and Telecom studies. Means of three glycaemic variables in current, ex- and never-smokers were modelled by linear regression, with study as a random factor. The I (2) statistic was used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies.RESULTS: HbA1c was 0.10% (95% CI 0.08, 0.12) (1.1 mmol/mol [0.9, 1.3]) higher in current smokers and 0.03% (0.01, 0.05) (0.3 mmol/mol [0.1, 0.5]) higher in ex-smokers, compared with never-smokers. For FPG, there was no significant difference between current and never-smokers (-0.004 mmol/l [-0.03, 0.02]) but FPG was higher in ex-smokers (0.12 mmol/l [0.09, 0.14]). In comparison with never-smokers, 2H-PG was lower (-0.44 mmol/l [-0.52, -0.37]) in current smokers, with no difference for ex-smokers (0.02 mmol/l [-0.06, 0.09]). There was a large and unexplained heterogeneity among studies, with I (2) always above 50%; I (2) was little changed after stratification by sex and adjustment for age and BMI. In this study population, current smokers had a prevalence of diabetes that was 1.30% higher as screened by HbA1c and 0.52% lower as screened by 2H-PG, in comparison with never-smokers.CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Across this heterogeneous group of studies, current smokers had a higher HbA1c and lower 2H-PG than never-smokers. This will affect the chances of smokers being diagnosed with diabetes.",

keywords = "Blood Glucose, Fasting, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Humans, Smoking",

author = "Soraya Soulimane and Dominique Simon and Herman, {William H} and Celine Lange and Lee, {Crystal M Y} and Stephen Colagiuri and Shaw, {Jonathan E} and Zimmet, {Paul Z} and Dianna Magliano and Ferreira, {Sandra R G} and Yanghu Dong and Lei Zhang and Torben Jorgensen and Jaakko Tuomilehto and Viswanathan Mohan and Christensen, {Dirk Lund} and Lydia Kaduka and Dekker, {Jacqueline M} and Giel Nijpels and Stehouwer, {Coen D A} and Olivier Lantieri and Fujimoto, {Wilfred Y} and Leonetti, {Donna L} and McNeely, {Marguerite J} and Knut Borch-Johnsen and Boyko, {Edward J} and Dorte Vistisen and Beverley Balkau and {DETECT-2 Study Group}",

year = "2014",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y",

language = "English",

volume = "57",

pages = "30--9",

journal = "Diabetologia",

issn = "0012-186X",

publisher = "Springer",

number = "1",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - HbA1c, fasting and 2 h plasma glucose in current, ex- and never-smokers

T2 - a meta-analysis

AU - Soulimane, Soraya

AU - Simon, Dominique

AU - Herman, William H

AU - Lange, Celine

AU - Lee, Crystal M Y

AU - Colagiuri, Stephen

AU - Shaw, Jonathan E

AU - Zimmet, Paul Z

AU - Magliano, Dianna

AU - Ferreira, Sandra R G

AU - Dong, Yanghu

AU - Zhang, Lei

AU - Jorgensen, Torben

AU - Tuomilehto, Jaakko

AU - Mohan, Viswanathan

AU - Christensen, Dirk Lund

AU - Kaduka, Lydia

AU - Dekker, Jacqueline M

AU - Nijpels, Giel

AU - Stehouwer, Coen D A

AU - Lantieri, Olivier

AU - Fujimoto, Wilfred Y

AU - Leonetti, Donna L

AU - McNeely, Marguerite J

AU - Borch-Johnsen, Knut

AU - Boyko, Edward J

AU - Vistisen, Dorte

AU - Balkau, Beverley

AU - DETECT-2 Study Group

PY - 2014/1

Y1 - 2014/1

N2 - AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The relationships between smoking and glycaemic variables have not been well explored. We compared HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 h plasma glucose (2H-PG) in current, ex- and never-smokers.METHODS: This meta-analysis used individual data from 16,886 men and 18,539 women without known diabetes in 12 DETECT-2 consortium studies and in the French Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) and Telecom studies. Means of three glycaemic variables in current, ex- and never-smokers were modelled by linear regression, with study as a random factor. The I (2) statistic was used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies.RESULTS: HbA1c was 0.10% (95% CI 0.08, 0.12) (1.1 mmol/mol [0.9, 1.3]) higher in current smokers and 0.03% (0.01, 0.05) (0.3 mmol/mol [0.1, 0.5]) higher in ex-smokers, compared with never-smokers. For FPG, there was no significant difference between current and never-smokers (-0.004 mmol/l [-0.03, 0.02]) but FPG was higher in ex-smokers (0.12 mmol/l [0.09, 0.14]). In comparison with never-smokers, 2H-PG was lower (-0.44 mmol/l [-0.52, -0.37]) in current smokers, with no difference for ex-smokers (0.02 mmol/l [-0.06, 0.09]). There was a large and unexplained heterogeneity among studies, with I (2) always above 50%; I (2) was little changed after stratification by sex and adjustment for age and BMI. In this study population, current smokers had a prevalence of diabetes that was 1.30% higher as screened by HbA1c and 0.52% lower as screened by 2H-PG, in comparison with never-smokers.CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Across this heterogeneous group of studies, current smokers had a higher HbA1c and lower 2H-PG than never-smokers. This will affect the chances of smokers being diagnosed with diabetes.

AB - AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The relationships between smoking and glycaemic variables have not been well explored. We compared HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 h plasma glucose (2H-PG) in current, ex- and never-smokers.METHODS: This meta-analysis used individual data from 16,886 men and 18,539 women without known diabetes in 12 DETECT-2 consortium studies and in the French Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) and Telecom studies. Means of three glycaemic variables in current, ex- and never-smokers were modelled by linear regression, with study as a random factor. The I (2) statistic was used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies.RESULTS: HbA1c was 0.10% (95% CI 0.08, 0.12) (1.1 mmol/mol [0.9, 1.3]) higher in current smokers and 0.03% (0.01, 0.05) (0.3 mmol/mol [0.1, 0.5]) higher in ex-smokers, compared with never-smokers. For FPG, there was no significant difference between current and never-smokers (-0.004 mmol/l [-0.03, 0.02]) but FPG was higher in ex-smokers (0.12 mmol/l [0.09, 0.14]). In comparison with never-smokers, 2H-PG was lower (-0.44 mmol/l [-0.52, -0.37]) in current smokers, with no difference for ex-smokers (0.02 mmol/l [-0.06, 0.09]). There was a large and unexplained heterogeneity among studies, with I (2) always above 50%; I (2) was little changed after stratification by sex and adjustment for age and BMI. In this study population, current smokers had a prevalence of diabetes that was 1.30% higher as screened by HbA1c and 0.52% lower as screened by 2H-PG, in comparison with never-smokers.CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Across this heterogeneous group of studies, current smokers had a higher HbA1c and lower 2H-PG than never-smokers. This will affect the chances of smokers being diagnosed with diabetes.

KW - Blood Glucose

KW - Fasting

KW - Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated

KW - Humans

KW - Smoking

U2 - 10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y

DO - 10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 24065153

SN - 0012-186X

VL - 57

SP - 30

EP - 39

JO - Diabetologia

JF - Diabetologia

IS - 1

ER -

HbA1c, fasting and 2 h plasma glucose in current, ex- and never-smokers: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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