TY - JOUR
T1 - Glucose metabolism in children and adolescents
T2 - Population-based reference values and comparisons to children and adolescents enrolled in obesity treatment
AU - Frithioff-Bøjsøe, Christine
AU - Lund, Morten A V
AU - Kloppenborg, Julie T
AU - Nielsen, Tenna T H
AU - Fonvig, Cilius E
AU - Lausten-Thomsen, Ulrik
AU - Hedley, Paula L
AU - Hansen, Tina
AU - Pedersen, Oluf B
AU - Christiansen, Michael
AU - Baker, Jennifer L
AU - Hansen, Torben
AU - Holm, Jens-Christian
N1 - © 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2019/8
Y1 - 2019/8
N2 - Background: Alterations in glucose metabolism that lead to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disease may begin already in childhood. Objective: This study aims to generate pediatric age and sex-specific reference values for fasting concentrations of glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin, C-peptide, and homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in Danish/North-European white children and adolescents from a population-based cohort and to compare values from children and adolescents with overweight/obesity with this reference. Methods: The population- and obesity clinic-based cohorts consisted of 2451 and 1935 children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years of age. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples were obtained and percentile curves were calculated. Results: In the population-based cohort, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR values increased before the expected onset of puberty (P <.05). Thereafter, all variables decreased in girls (P <.05) and HbA1c decreased in boys (P <.05). Concentrations of all measured markers of glucose metabolism were higher in the obesity clinic-based cohort than the population-based cohort (both sexes P <.001). Specifically, insulin and HOMA-IR continued to increase to 18 years in the clinic-based cohort, particularly among boys. Conclusions: Fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR change during childhood, making pediatric reference values essential for timely identification of derangements in glucose metabolism. Children and adolescents with obesity exhibit increased concentrations of these biomarkers.
AB - Background: Alterations in glucose metabolism that lead to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disease may begin already in childhood. Objective: This study aims to generate pediatric age and sex-specific reference values for fasting concentrations of glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin, C-peptide, and homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in Danish/North-European white children and adolescents from a population-based cohort and to compare values from children and adolescents with overweight/obesity with this reference. Methods: The population- and obesity clinic-based cohorts consisted of 2451 and 1935 children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years of age. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples were obtained and percentile curves were calculated. Results: In the population-based cohort, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR values increased before the expected onset of puberty (P <.05). Thereafter, all variables decreased in girls (P <.05) and HbA1c decreased in boys (P <.05). Concentrations of all measured markers of glucose metabolism were higher in the obesity clinic-based cohort than the population-based cohort (both sexes P <.001). Specifically, insulin and HOMA-IR continued to increase to 18 years in the clinic-based cohort, particularly among boys. Conclusions: Fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR change during childhood, making pediatric reference values essential for timely identification of derangements in glucose metabolism. Children and adolescents with obesity exhibit increased concentrations of these biomarkers.
U2 - 10.1111/pedi.12859
DO - 10.1111/pedi.12859
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 31074070
SN - 1399-543X
VL - 20
SP - 538
EP - 548
JO - Pediatric Diabetes
JF - Pediatric Diabetes
IS - 5
ER -
