Gestational diabetes mellitus and exposure to ambient air pollution and road traffic noise: A cohort study

Marie Pedersen; Sjurdur F. Olsen; Thorhallur I. Halldorsson; Cuilin Zhang; Dorrit Hjortebjerg; Matthias Ketzel; Charlotta Grandström; Mette Sørensen; Peter Damm; Jens Langhoff-Roos; Ole Raaschou-Nielsen

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.003

Gestational diabetes mellitus and exposure to ambient air pollution and road traffic noise: A cohort study

Marie Pedersen^*, Sjurdur F. Olsen, Thorhallur I. Halldorsson, Cuilin Zhang, Dorrit Hjortebjerg, Matthias Ketzel, Charlotta Grandström, Mette Sørensen, Peter Damm, Jens Langhoff-Roos, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen

^*Corresponding author for this work

32 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Road traffic is a main source of air pollution and noise. Both exposures have been associated with type 2 diabetes, but associations with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been studied less.

Objectives: We aimed to examine single and joint associations of exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise on GDM in a prospective cohort.

Methods: We identified GDM cases from self-reports and hospital records, using two different criteria, among 72,745 singleton pregnancies (1997–2002) from the Danish National Birth Cohort. We modeled nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and noise from road traffic (L_den) exposure at all pregnancy addresses.

Results: According to the two diagnostic criteria: the Danish clinical guidelines, which was our main outcome, and the WHO standard during recruitment period, a total of 565 and 210 women, respectively, had GDM. For both exposures no risk was evident for the common Danish criterion of GDM. A 10-μg/m³ increase in NO₂ exposure during first trimester was, however, associated with an increased risk of WHO-GDM (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.49). The corresponding OR associated with a 10-dB higher road traffic noise level was 1.15 (0.94 to 1.18). In mutually adjusted models the OR for NO₂ remained similar 1.22 (0.98, 1.53) whereas that for road traffic noise decreased to 1.03 (0.80, 1.32). Significant associations were also observed for exposure averaged over the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and the full pregnancy.

Conclusions: No risk was evident for the common Danish criterion of GDM. NO₂ was associated with higher risk for GDM according to the WHO criterion, which might be due to selection bias.

Original language	English
Journal	Environment International
Volume	108
Pages (from-to)	253-260
Number of pages	8
ISSN	0160-4120
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.003
Publication status	Published - Nov 2017

Keywords

Air pollution
Environment
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Noise
Pregnancy
Traffic

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.003

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Pedersen, M., Olsen, S. F., Halldorsson, T. I., Zhang, C., Hjortebjerg, D., Ketzel, M., Grandström, C., Sørensen, M., Damm, P., Langhoff-Roos, J., & Raaschou-Nielsen, O. (2017). Gestational diabetes mellitus and exposure to ambient air pollution and road traffic noise: A cohort study. Environment International, 108, 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.003

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title = "Gestational diabetes mellitus and exposure to ambient air pollution and road traffic noise: A cohort study",

abstract = "Background: Road traffic is a main source of air pollution and noise. Both exposures have been associated with type 2 diabetes, but associations with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been studied less. Objectives: We aimed to examine single and joint associations of exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise on GDM in a prospective cohort. Methods: We identified GDM cases from self-reports and hospital records, using two different criteria, among 72,745 singleton pregnancies (1997–2002) from the Danish National Birth Cohort. We modeled nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and noise from road traffic (Lden) exposure at all pregnancy addresses. Results: According to the two diagnostic criteria: the Danish clinical guidelines, which was our main outcome, and the WHO standard during recruitment period, a total of 565 and 210 women, respectively, had GDM. For both exposures no risk was evident for the common Danish criterion of GDM. A 10-μg/m3 increase in NO2 exposure during first trimester was, however, associated with an increased risk of WHO-GDM (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.49). The corresponding OR associated with a 10-dB higher road traffic noise level was 1.15 (0.94 to 1.18). In mutually adjusted models the OR for NO2 remained similar 1.22 (0.98, 1.53) whereas that for road traffic noise decreased to 1.03 (0.80, 1.32). Significant associations were also observed for exposure averaged over the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and the full pregnancy.Conclusions: No risk was evident for the common Danish criterion of GDM. NO2 was associated with higher risk for GDM according to the WHO criterion, which might be due to selection bias.",

keywords = "Air pollution, Environment, Gestational diabetes mellitus, Noise, Pregnancy, Traffic",

author = "Marie Pedersen and Olsen, {Sjurdur F.} and Halldorsson, {Thorhallur I.} and Cuilin Zhang and Dorrit Hjortebjerg and Matthias Ketzel and Charlotta Grandstr{\"o}m and Mette S{\o}rensen and Peter Damm and Jens Langhoff-Roos and Ole Raaschou-Nielsen",

year = "2017",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.003",

language = "English",

volume = "108",

pages = "253--260",

journal = "Environment international",

issn = "0160-4120",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Gestational diabetes mellitus and exposure to ambient air pollution and road traffic noise

T2 - A cohort study

AU - Pedersen, Marie

AU - Olsen, Sjurdur F.

AU - Halldorsson, Thorhallur I.

AU - Zhang, Cuilin

AU - Hjortebjerg, Dorrit

AU - Ketzel, Matthias

AU - Grandström, Charlotta

AU - Sørensen, Mette

AU - Damm, Peter

AU - Langhoff-Roos, Jens

AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole

PY - 2017/11

Y1 - 2017/11

N2 - Background: Road traffic is a main source of air pollution and noise. Both exposures have been associated with type 2 diabetes, but associations with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been studied less. Objectives: We aimed to examine single and joint associations of exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise on GDM in a prospective cohort. Methods: We identified GDM cases from self-reports and hospital records, using two different criteria, among 72,745 singleton pregnancies (1997–2002) from the Danish National Birth Cohort. We modeled nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and noise from road traffic (Lden) exposure at all pregnancy addresses. Results: According to the two diagnostic criteria: the Danish clinical guidelines, which was our main outcome, and the WHO standard during recruitment period, a total of 565 and 210 women, respectively, had GDM. For both exposures no risk was evident for the common Danish criterion of GDM. A 10-μg/m3 increase in NO2 exposure during first trimester was, however, associated with an increased risk of WHO-GDM (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.49). The corresponding OR associated with a 10-dB higher road traffic noise level was 1.15 (0.94 to 1.18). In mutually adjusted models the OR for NO2 remained similar 1.22 (0.98, 1.53) whereas that for road traffic noise decreased to 1.03 (0.80, 1.32). Significant associations were also observed for exposure averaged over the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and the full pregnancy.Conclusions: No risk was evident for the common Danish criterion of GDM. NO2 was associated with higher risk for GDM according to the WHO criterion, which might be due to selection bias.

AB - Background: Road traffic is a main source of air pollution and noise. Both exposures have been associated with type 2 diabetes, but associations with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been studied less. Objectives: We aimed to examine single and joint associations of exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise on GDM in a prospective cohort. Methods: We identified GDM cases from self-reports and hospital records, using two different criteria, among 72,745 singleton pregnancies (1997–2002) from the Danish National Birth Cohort. We modeled nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and noise from road traffic (Lden) exposure at all pregnancy addresses. Results: According to the two diagnostic criteria: the Danish clinical guidelines, which was our main outcome, and the WHO standard during recruitment period, a total of 565 and 210 women, respectively, had GDM. For both exposures no risk was evident for the common Danish criterion of GDM. A 10-μg/m3 increase in NO2 exposure during first trimester was, however, associated with an increased risk of WHO-GDM (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.49). The corresponding OR associated with a 10-dB higher road traffic noise level was 1.15 (0.94 to 1.18). In mutually adjusted models the OR for NO2 remained similar 1.22 (0.98, 1.53) whereas that for road traffic noise decreased to 1.03 (0.80, 1.32). Significant associations were also observed for exposure averaged over the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and the full pregnancy.Conclusions: No risk was evident for the common Danish criterion of GDM. NO2 was associated with higher risk for GDM according to the WHO criterion, which might be due to selection bias.

KW - Air pollution

KW - Environment

KW - Gestational diabetes mellitus

KW - Noise

KW - Pregnancy

KW - Traffic

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U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.003

DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.003

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85028934463

SN - 0160-4120

VL - 108

SP - 253

EP - 260

JO - Environment international

JF - Environment international

ER -

Gestational diabetes mellitus and exposure to ambient air pollution and road traffic noise: A cohort study

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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