Genomic selection to improve livestock production in developing countries with a focus on India

TY - GEN

T1 - Genomic selection to improve livestock production in developing countries with a focus on India

AU - Kadarmideen, Haja

AU - Do, Duy Ngoc

N1 - XII Annual Convention of Society for Conservation of Domestic Animal Biodiversity

PY - 2015/2/14

Y1 - 2015/2/14

N2 - Global livestock production has increased substantially during the last decades, in both number of animals and productivity. Meanwhile, the human population is projected to reach 9.6 billions by 2050 and most of the increase in the projection takes place in developing countries. Rapid population growth will increase the demand for food as well as animal products, particularly in emerging economic giants like India. Moreover, the urbanization has considerable impact on patterns of food consumption in general and on demand for livestock products, in particular and the increased income growth led to more expenditure on livestock products. Since livestock production in developed countries has well adopted livestock genomic selection tools to improve both productivity and quality of animal products, opportunities to increase productivity in developing countries via genomic tools/selection have not been fully explored. The future of livestock breeding focuses on both product quality and productivity, animal welfare, disease resistance and reducing environmental pollution. Among the breeding tools, molecular genetics and genomics and modern reproductive techniques such ovum-pick up and in vitro production (OPU-IVP) of embryos will have a considerable impact in the future. This paper attempts to provide basic concepts of using genomic tools for livestock production with the focus on genomic prediction and selection methods and discuss about the potential application of genomic selection to increase livestock productivity, to enhance the disease resistance, fertility, resource use and the ability to adapt to climate changes. The paper also highlights the potential of genomic selection to overcome these challenges in India and other developing countries.

AB - Global livestock production has increased substantially during the last decades, in both number of animals and productivity. Meanwhile, the human population is projected to reach 9.6 billions by 2050 and most of the increase in the projection takes place in developing countries. Rapid population growth will increase the demand for food as well as animal products, particularly in emerging economic giants like India. Moreover, the urbanization has considerable impact on patterns of food consumption in general and on demand for livestock products, in particular and the increased income growth led to more expenditure on livestock products. Since livestock production in developed countries has well adopted livestock genomic selection tools to improve both productivity and quality of animal products, opportunities to increase productivity in developing countries via genomic tools/selection have not been fully explored. The future of livestock breeding focuses on both product quality and productivity, animal welfare, disease resistance and reducing environmental pollution. Among the breeding tools, molecular genetics and genomics and modern reproductive techniques such ovum-pick up and in vitro production (OPU-IVP) of embryos will have a considerable impact in the future. This paper attempts to provide basic concepts of using genomic tools for livestock production with the focus on genomic prediction and selection methods and discuss about the potential application of genomic selection to increase livestock productivity, to enhance the disease resistance, fertility, resource use and the ability to adapt to climate changes. The paper also highlights the potential of genomic selection to overcome these challenges in India and other developing countries.

M3 - Article in proceedings

SP - 79

EP - 85

BT - Compendium of invited lecutres and abstracts

T2 - Sustainable Management of Animal Genetic Resources for Livelihood Security in Developing Countries

Y2 - 13 February 2015 through 14 February 2015

ER -