Fostering biocultural diversity in landscapes through place-based food networks: a “solution scan” of European and Japanese models

Tobias Plieninger; Ryo Kohsaka; Claudia Bieling; Shizuka Hashimoto; Chiho Kamiyama; Thanasis Kizos; Marianne Penker; Pia Kieninger; Brian J. Shaw; Giles Bruno Sioen; Yuki Yoshida; Osamu Saito

doi:10.1007/s11625-017-0455-z

Fostering biocultural diversity in landscapes through place-based food networks: a “solution scan” of European and Japanese models

Tobias Plieninger^*, Ryo Kohsaka, Claudia Bieling, Shizuka Hashimoto, Chiho Kamiyama, Thanasis Kizos, Marianne Penker, Pia Kieninger, Brian J. Shaw, Giles Bruno Sioen, Yuki Yoshida, Osamu Saito

^*Corresponding author for this work

Landscape Architecture and Planning

24 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Many Japanese and European landscapes harbor biocultural diversity that has been shaped by human agency over centuries. However, these landscapes are threatened by widespread land abandonment, land-use changes, and urbanization. The aim of this study is to use a “solution scanning” method to identify place-based food networks in Europe and Japan that reinforce linkages between biological and cultural diversity in landscapes. In our analysis of 26 European and 13 Japanese cases, we find that place-based food networks are typically located in heterogeneous landscapes, are driven by civil society (and less by markets), and act at a local scale. Regional identity is the most frequently addressed societal issue. Scenery, rural tourism, and nature conservation are more important motivations in Europe, and physical well-being and revitalization of local economies are more relevant in Japan. European models are typically associated with achieving biodiversity conservation and socio-cultural tradition outcomes, and Japanese models more with public health and nutrition outcomes. We discuss the potential for transfer of approaches from Japan to Europe (e.g., models that tackle the aging of rural societies), and from Europe to Japan (e.g., models that build explicit connections between food production and biodiversity conservation). We conclude with a list of recommended policy measures, e.g., the creation of a flexible legal framework that protects the interests of and reduces political constraints for collaborative efforts to biocultural diversity in landscapes.

Original language	English
Journal	Sustainability Science
Volume	13
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	219-233
Number of pages	15
ISSN	1862-4065
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-017-0455-z
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2018

Keywords

Agroecology
Alternative food networks
Cultural landscapes
Food systems
Landscape stewardship
Sustainable landscape management

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Cite this

Plieninger, T., Kohsaka, R., Bieling, C., Hashimoto, S., Kamiyama, C., Kizos, T., Penker, M., Kieninger, P., Shaw, B. J., Sioen, G. B., Yoshida, Y., & Saito, O. (2018). Fostering biocultural diversity in landscapes through place-based food networks: a “solution scan” of European and Japanese models. Sustainability Science, 13(1), 219-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-017-0455-z

Plieninger, T, Kohsaka, R, Bieling, C, Hashimoto, S, Kamiyama, C, Kizos, T, Penker, M, Kieninger, P, Shaw, BJ, Sioen, GB, Yoshida, Y & Saito, O 2018, 'Fostering biocultural diversity in landscapes through place-based food networks: a “solution scan” of European and Japanese models', Sustainability Science, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 219-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-017-0455-z

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AU - Hashimoto, Shizuka

AU - Kamiyama, Chiho

AU - Kizos, Thanasis

AU - Penker, Marianne

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AB - Many Japanese and European landscapes harbor biocultural diversity that has been shaped by human agency over centuries. However, these landscapes are threatened by widespread land abandonment, land-use changes, and urbanization. The aim of this study is to use a “solution scanning” method to identify place-based food networks in Europe and Japan that reinforce linkages between biological and cultural diversity in landscapes. In our analysis of 26 European and 13 Japanese cases, we find that place-based food networks are typically located in heterogeneous landscapes, are driven by civil society (and less by markets), and act at a local scale. Regional identity is the most frequently addressed societal issue. Scenery, rural tourism, and nature conservation are more important motivations in Europe, and physical well-being and revitalization of local economies are more relevant in Japan. European models are typically associated with achieving biodiversity conservation and socio-cultural tradition outcomes, and Japanese models more with public health and nutrition outcomes. We discuss the potential for transfer of approaches from Japan to Europe (e.g., models that tackle the aging of rural societies), and from Europe to Japan (e.g., models that build explicit connections between food production and biodiversity conservation). We conclude with a list of recommended policy measures, e.g., the creation of a flexible legal framework that protects the interests of and reduces political constraints for collaborative efforts to biocultural diversity in landscapes.

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Fostering biocultural diversity in landscapes through place-based food networks: a “solution scan” of European and Japanese models

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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