Fasting glucose state determines metabolic response to supplementation with insoluble cereal fibre: A secondary analysis of the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT)

Stefan Kabisch; Nina M T Meyer; Caroline Honsek; Christiana Gerbracht; Ulrike Dambeck; Margrit Kemper; Martin A Osterhoff; Andreas L Birkenfeld; Ayman M Arafat; Mads Fiil Hjorth; Martin O Weickert; Andreas F H Pfeiffer

doi:10.3390/nu11102385

Fasting glucose state determines metabolic response to supplementation with insoluble cereal fibre: A secondary analysis of the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT)

Stefan Kabisch, Nina M T Meyer, Caroline Honsek, Christiana Gerbracht, Ulrike Dambeck, Margrit Kemper, Martin A Osterhoff, Andreas L Birkenfeld, Ayman M Arafat, Mads Fiil Hjorth, Martin O Weickert, Andreas F H Pfeiffer

Obesity Research

7 Citations (Scopus)

18 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: High intake of cereal fibre is associated with reduced risk for type 2 diabetes and long-term complications. Within the first long-term randomized controlled trial specifically targeting cereal fibre, the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT), intake of insoluble oat fibre was shown to significantly reduce glycaemia. Previous studies suggested that this effect might be limited to subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG).

Aim: We stratified the OptiFiT cohort for normal and impaired fasting glucose (NFG, IFG) and conducted a secondary analysis comparing the effects of fibre supplementation between these subgroups.

Methods: 180 Caucasian participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were randomized to twice-a-day fibre or placebo supplementation for 2 years (n = 89 and 91, respectively), while assuring double-blinded intervention. Fasting blood sampling, oral glucose tolerance test and full anthropometry were assessed annually. At baseline, out of 136 subjects completing the first year of intervention, 72 (54 %) showed IFG and IGT, while 64 subjects had IGT only (labelled "NFG"). Based on these two groups, we performed a stratified per-protocol analysis of glycometabolic and secondary effects during the first year of intervention.

Results: The NFG group did not show significant differences between fibre and placebo group concerning anthropometric, glycometabolic, or other biochemical parameters. Within the IFG stratum, 2-h glucose, HbA1c, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels decreased more in the fibre group, with a significant supplement x IFG interaction effect for HbA1c. Compared to NFG subjects, IFG subjects had larger benefits from fibre supplementation with respect to fasting glucose levels. Results were robust against adjustment for weight change and sex. An ITT analysis did not reveal any differences from the per-protocol analysis.

Conclusions: Although stratification resulted in relatively small subgroups, we were able to pinpoint our previous findings from the entire cohort to the IFG subgroup. Cereal fibre can beneficially affect glycemic metabolism, with most pronounced or even isolated effectiveness in subjects with impaired fasting glucose.

Original language	English
Article number	2385
Journal	Nutrients
Volume	11
Issue number	10
Number of pages	12
ISSN	2072-6643
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102385
Publication status	Published - Oct 2019

Keywords

Faculty of Science
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Prediabetes
Diabetes prevention
Impaired fasting glucose
Stratification
Impaired glucose tolerance
Insoluble dietary fibre
Insulin sensitivity

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Kabisch et al_Nutrients_2019_Vol 11(10)_e2385Final published version, 279 KBLicence: CC BY

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Kabisch, S., Meyer, N. M. T., Honsek, C., Gerbracht, C., Dambeck, U., Kemper, M., Osterhoff, M. A., Birkenfeld, A. L., Arafat, A. M., Hjorth, M. F., Weickert, M. O., & Pfeiffer, A. F. H. (2019). Fasting glucose state determines metabolic response to supplementation with insoluble cereal fibre: A secondary analysis of the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT). Nutrients, 11(10), Article 2385. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102385

Kabisch, S, Meyer, NMT, Honsek, C, Gerbracht, C, Dambeck, U, Kemper, M, Osterhoff, MA, Birkenfeld, AL, Arafat, AM, Hjorth, MF, Weickert, MO & Pfeiffer, AFH 2019, 'Fasting glucose state determines metabolic response to supplementation with insoluble cereal fibre: A secondary analysis of the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT)', Nutrients, vol. 11, no. 10, 2385. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102385

@article{58c2e5f65eae4b3a8be11b074ae8fbfe,

title = "Fasting glucose state determines metabolic response to supplementation with insoluble cereal fibre: A secondary analysis of the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT)",

abstract = "Background: High intake of cereal fibre is associated with reduced risk for type 2 diabetes and long-term complications. Within the first long-term randomized controlled trial specifically targeting cereal fibre, the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT), intake of insoluble oat fibre was shown to significantly reduce glycaemia. Previous studies suggested that this effect might be limited to subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG).Aim: We stratified the OptiFiT cohort for normal and impaired fasting glucose (NFG, IFG) and conducted a secondary analysis comparing the effects of fibre supplementation between these subgroups.Methods: 180 Caucasian participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were randomized to twice-a-day fibre or placebo supplementation for 2 years (n = 89 and 91, respectively), while assuring double-blinded intervention. Fasting blood sampling, oral glucose tolerance test and full anthropometry were assessed annually. At baseline, out of 136 subjects completing the first year of intervention, 72 (54 %) showed IFG and IGT, while 64 subjects had IGT only (labelled {"}NFG{"}). Based on these two groups, we performed a stratified per-protocol analysis of glycometabolic and secondary effects during the first year of intervention.Results: The NFG group did not show significant differences between fibre and placebo group concerning anthropometric, glycometabolic, or other biochemical parameters. Within the IFG stratum, 2-h glucose, HbA1c, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels decreased more in the fibre group, with a significant supplement x IFG interaction effect for HbA1c. Compared to NFG subjects, IFG subjects had larger benefits from fibre supplementation with respect to fasting glucose levels. Results were robust against adjustment for weight change and sex. An ITT analysis did not reveal any differences from the per-protocol analysis.Conclusions: Although stratification resulted in relatively small subgroups, we were able to pinpoint our previous findings from the entire cohort to the IFG subgroup. Cereal fibre can beneficially affect glycemic metabolism, with most pronounced or even isolated effectiveness in subjects with impaired fasting glucose.",

keywords = "Faculty of Science, Diabetes mellitus type 2, Prediabetes, Diabetes prevention, Impaired fasting glucose, Stratification, Impaired glucose tolerance, Insoluble dietary fibre, Insulin sensitivity",

author = "Stefan Kabisch and Meyer, {Nina M T} and Caroline Honsek and Christiana Gerbracht and Ulrike Dambeck and Margrit Kemper and Osterhoff, {Martin A} and Birkenfeld, {Andreas L} and Arafat, {Ayman M} and Hjorth, {Mads Fiil} and Weickert, {Martin O} and Pfeiffer, {Andreas F H}",

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doi = "10.3390/nu11102385",

language = "English",

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journal = "Nutrients",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Fasting glucose state determines metabolic response to supplementation with insoluble cereal fibre

T2 - A secondary analysis of the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT)

AU - Kabisch, Stefan

AU - Meyer, Nina M T

AU - Honsek, Caroline

AU - Gerbracht, Christiana

AU - Dambeck, Ulrike

AU - Kemper, Margrit

AU - Osterhoff, Martin A

AU - Birkenfeld, Andreas L

AU - Arafat, Ayman M

AU - Hjorth, Mads Fiil

AU - Weickert, Martin O

AU - Pfeiffer, Andreas F H

N1 - CURIS 2019 NEXS 326

PY - 2019/10

Y1 - 2019/10

N2 - Background: High intake of cereal fibre is associated with reduced risk for type 2 diabetes and long-term complications. Within the first long-term randomized controlled trial specifically targeting cereal fibre, the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT), intake of insoluble oat fibre was shown to significantly reduce glycaemia. Previous studies suggested that this effect might be limited to subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG).Aim: We stratified the OptiFiT cohort for normal and impaired fasting glucose (NFG, IFG) and conducted a secondary analysis comparing the effects of fibre supplementation between these subgroups.Methods: 180 Caucasian participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were randomized to twice-a-day fibre or placebo supplementation for 2 years (n = 89 and 91, respectively), while assuring double-blinded intervention. Fasting blood sampling, oral glucose tolerance test and full anthropometry were assessed annually. At baseline, out of 136 subjects completing the first year of intervention, 72 (54 %) showed IFG and IGT, while 64 subjects had IGT only (labelled "NFG"). Based on these two groups, we performed a stratified per-protocol analysis of glycometabolic and secondary effects during the first year of intervention.Results: The NFG group did not show significant differences between fibre and placebo group concerning anthropometric, glycometabolic, or other biochemical parameters. Within the IFG stratum, 2-h glucose, HbA1c, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels decreased more in the fibre group, with a significant supplement x IFG interaction effect for HbA1c. Compared to NFG subjects, IFG subjects had larger benefits from fibre supplementation with respect to fasting glucose levels. Results were robust against adjustment for weight change and sex. An ITT analysis did not reveal any differences from the per-protocol analysis.Conclusions: Although stratification resulted in relatively small subgroups, we were able to pinpoint our previous findings from the entire cohort to the IFG subgroup. Cereal fibre can beneficially affect glycemic metabolism, with most pronounced or even isolated effectiveness in subjects with impaired fasting glucose.

AB - Background: High intake of cereal fibre is associated with reduced risk for type 2 diabetes and long-term complications. Within the first long-term randomized controlled trial specifically targeting cereal fibre, the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT), intake of insoluble oat fibre was shown to significantly reduce glycaemia. Previous studies suggested that this effect might be limited to subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG).Aim: We stratified the OptiFiT cohort for normal and impaired fasting glucose (NFG, IFG) and conducted a secondary analysis comparing the effects of fibre supplementation between these subgroups.Methods: 180 Caucasian participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were randomized to twice-a-day fibre or placebo supplementation for 2 years (n = 89 and 91, respectively), while assuring double-blinded intervention. Fasting blood sampling, oral glucose tolerance test and full anthropometry were assessed annually. At baseline, out of 136 subjects completing the first year of intervention, 72 (54 %) showed IFG and IGT, while 64 subjects had IGT only (labelled "NFG"). Based on these two groups, we performed a stratified per-protocol analysis of glycometabolic and secondary effects during the first year of intervention.Results: The NFG group did not show significant differences between fibre and placebo group concerning anthropometric, glycometabolic, or other biochemical parameters. Within the IFG stratum, 2-h glucose, HbA1c, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels decreased more in the fibre group, with a significant supplement x IFG interaction effect for HbA1c. Compared to NFG subjects, IFG subjects had larger benefits from fibre supplementation with respect to fasting glucose levels. Results were robust against adjustment for weight change and sex. An ITT analysis did not reveal any differences from the per-protocol analysis.Conclusions: Although stratification resulted in relatively small subgroups, we were able to pinpoint our previous findings from the entire cohort to the IFG subgroup. Cereal fibre can beneficially affect glycemic metabolism, with most pronounced or even isolated effectiveness in subjects with impaired fasting glucose.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Diabetes mellitus type 2

KW - Prediabetes

KW - Diabetes prevention

KW - Impaired fasting glucose

KW - Stratification

KW - Impaired glucose tolerance

KW - Insoluble dietary fibre

KW - Insulin sensitivity

U2 - 10.3390/nu11102385

DO - 10.3390/nu11102385

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 31590438

SN - 2072-6643

VL - 11

JO - Nutrients

JF - Nutrients

IS - 10

M1 - 2385

ER -

Fasting glucose state determines metabolic response to supplementation with insoluble cereal fibre: A secondary analysis of the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT)

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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