Extracellular matrix adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to exercise

Michael Kjaer; Peter Magnusson; Michael Krogsgaard; Jens Boysen Møller; Jens Olesen; Katja Heinemeier; Mette Hansen; Bjarki Haraldsson; Satu Koskinen; Birgitte Esmarck; Henning Langberg

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00549.x

Extracellular matrix adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to exercise

Michael Kjaer, Peter Magnusson, Michael Krogsgaard, Jens Boysen Møller, Jens Olesen, Katja Heinemeier, Mette Hansen, Bjarki Haraldsson, Satu Koskinen, Birgitte Esmarck, Henning Langberg

148 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissues enables linking to other tissues, and plays a key role in force transmission and tissue structure maintenance in tendons, ligaments, bone and muscle. ECM turnover is influenced by physical activity, and both collagen synthesis and metalloprotease activity increase with mechanical loading. This can be shown by determining propeptide and proteinase activity by microdialysis, as well as by verifying the incorporation of infused stable isotope amino acids in biopsies. Local tissue expression and release of growth factors for ECM such as IGF-1, TGF-beta and IL-6 is enhanced following exercise. For tendons, metabolic activity (e.g. detected by positron emission tomography scanning), circulatory responses (e.g. as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy and dye dilution) and collagen turnover are markedly increased after exercise. Tendon blood flow is regulated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-mediated pathways, and glucose uptake is regulated by specific pathways in tendons that differ from those in skeletal muscle. Chronic loading in the form of physical training leads both to increased collagen turnover as well as to some degree of net collagen synthesis. These changes modify the mechanical properties and the viscoelastic characteristics of the tissue, decrease its stress-susceptibility and probably make it more load-resistant. The mechanical properties of tendon fascicles vary within a given human tendon, and even show gender differences. The latter is supported by findings of gender-related differences in the activation of collagen synthesis with exercise. These findings may provide the basis for understanding tissue overloading and injury in both tendons and skeletal muscle.

Original language	English
Journal	Journal of Anatomy
Volume	208
Issue number	4
Pages (from-to)	445-50
Number of pages	6
ISSN	0021-8782
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00549.x
Publication status	Published - 2006

Keywords

Bone and Bones
Collagen
Exercise
Extracellular Matrix
Female
Growth Substances
Humans
Male
Muscle Proteins
Muscle, Skeletal
Physical Education and Training
Protein Biosynthesis
Sex Factors
Stress, Mechanical
Tendons

Access to Document

10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00549.x

Cite this

@article{a4a6eb3705f545dbb82c80945ce0cff7,

title = "Extracellular matrix adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to exercise",

abstract = "The extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissues enables linking to other tissues, and plays a key role in force transmission and tissue structure maintenance in tendons, ligaments, bone and muscle. ECM turnover is influenced by physical activity, and both collagen synthesis and metalloprotease activity increase with mechanical loading. This can be shown by determining propeptide and proteinase activity by microdialysis, as well as by verifying the incorporation of infused stable isotope amino acids in biopsies. Local tissue expression and release of growth factors for ECM such as IGF-1, TGF-beta and IL-6 is enhanced following exercise. For tendons, metabolic activity (e.g. detected by positron emission tomography scanning), circulatory responses (e.g. as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy and dye dilution) and collagen turnover are markedly increased after exercise. Tendon blood flow is regulated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-mediated pathways, and glucose uptake is regulated by specific pathways in tendons that differ from those in skeletal muscle. Chronic loading in the form of physical training leads both to increased collagen turnover as well as to some degree of net collagen synthesis. These changes modify the mechanical properties and the viscoelastic characteristics of the tissue, decrease its stress-susceptibility and probably make it more load-resistant. The mechanical properties of tendon fascicles vary within a given human tendon, and even show gender differences. The latter is supported by findings of gender-related differences in the activation of collagen synthesis with exercise. These findings may provide the basis for understanding tissue overloading and injury in both tendons and skeletal muscle.",

keywords = "Bone and Bones, Collagen, Exercise, Extracellular Matrix, Female, Growth Substances, Humans, Male, Muscle Proteins, Muscle, Skeletal, Physical Education and Training, Protein Biosynthesis, Sex Factors, Stress, Mechanical, Tendons",

author = "Michael Kjaer and Peter Magnusson and Michael Krogsgaard and {Boysen M{\o}ller}, Jens and Jens Olesen and Katja Heinemeier and Mette Hansen and Bjarki Haraldsson and Satu Koskinen and Birgitte Esmarck and Henning Langberg",

year = "2006",

doi = "10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00549.x",

language = "English",

volume = "208",

pages = "445--50",

journal = "Journal of Anatomy",

issn = "0021-8782",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Extracellular matrix adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to exercise

AU - Kjaer, Michael

AU - Magnusson, Peter

AU - Krogsgaard, Michael

AU - Boysen Møller, Jens

AU - Olesen, Jens

AU - Heinemeier, Katja

AU - Hansen, Mette

AU - Haraldsson, Bjarki

AU - Koskinen, Satu

AU - Esmarck, Birgitte

AU - Langberg, Henning

PY - 2006

Y1 - 2006

N2 - The extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissues enables linking to other tissues, and plays a key role in force transmission and tissue structure maintenance in tendons, ligaments, bone and muscle. ECM turnover is influenced by physical activity, and both collagen synthesis and metalloprotease activity increase with mechanical loading. This can be shown by determining propeptide and proteinase activity by microdialysis, as well as by verifying the incorporation of infused stable isotope amino acids in biopsies. Local tissue expression and release of growth factors for ECM such as IGF-1, TGF-beta and IL-6 is enhanced following exercise. For tendons, metabolic activity (e.g. detected by positron emission tomography scanning), circulatory responses (e.g. as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy and dye dilution) and collagen turnover are markedly increased after exercise. Tendon blood flow is regulated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-mediated pathways, and glucose uptake is regulated by specific pathways in tendons that differ from those in skeletal muscle. Chronic loading in the form of physical training leads both to increased collagen turnover as well as to some degree of net collagen synthesis. These changes modify the mechanical properties and the viscoelastic characteristics of the tissue, decrease its stress-susceptibility and probably make it more load-resistant. The mechanical properties of tendon fascicles vary within a given human tendon, and even show gender differences. The latter is supported by findings of gender-related differences in the activation of collagen synthesis with exercise. These findings may provide the basis for understanding tissue overloading and injury in both tendons and skeletal muscle.

AB - The extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissues enables linking to other tissues, and plays a key role in force transmission and tissue structure maintenance in tendons, ligaments, bone and muscle. ECM turnover is influenced by physical activity, and both collagen synthesis and metalloprotease activity increase with mechanical loading. This can be shown by determining propeptide and proteinase activity by microdialysis, as well as by verifying the incorporation of infused stable isotope amino acids in biopsies. Local tissue expression and release of growth factors for ECM such as IGF-1, TGF-beta and IL-6 is enhanced following exercise. For tendons, metabolic activity (e.g. detected by positron emission tomography scanning), circulatory responses (e.g. as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy and dye dilution) and collagen turnover are markedly increased after exercise. Tendon blood flow is regulated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-mediated pathways, and glucose uptake is regulated by specific pathways in tendons that differ from those in skeletal muscle. Chronic loading in the form of physical training leads both to increased collagen turnover as well as to some degree of net collagen synthesis. These changes modify the mechanical properties and the viscoelastic characteristics of the tissue, decrease its stress-susceptibility and probably make it more load-resistant. The mechanical properties of tendon fascicles vary within a given human tendon, and even show gender differences. The latter is supported by findings of gender-related differences in the activation of collagen synthesis with exercise. These findings may provide the basis for understanding tissue overloading and injury in both tendons and skeletal muscle.

KW - Bone and Bones

KW - Collagen

KW - Exercise

KW - Extracellular Matrix

KW - Female

KW - Growth Substances

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Muscle Proteins

KW - Muscle, Skeletal

KW - Physical Education and Training

KW - Protein Biosynthesis

KW - Sex Factors

KW - Stress, Mechanical

KW - Tendons

U2 - 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00549.x

DO - 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00549.x

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 16637870

SN - 0021-8782

VL - 208

SP - 445

EP - 450

JO - Journal of Anatomy

JF - Journal of Anatomy

IS - 4

ER -

Extracellular matrix adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to exercise

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this