Evidence for suppression of immunity as a driver for genomic introgressions and host range expansion in races of Albugo candida, a generalist parasite

Mark McMullan; Anastasia Gardiner; Kate Bailey; Eric Kemen; Ben J Ward; Volkan Cevik; Alexandre Robert-Seilaniantz; Torsten Schultz-Larsen; Alexi Balmuth; Eric Holub; Cock van Oosterhout; Jonathan DG Jones; Detlef Weigel

doi:10.7554/elife.04550

Evidence for suppression of immunity as a driver for genomic introgressions and host range expansion in races of Albugo candida, a generalist parasite

Mark McMullan, Anastasia Gardiner, Kate Bailey, Eric Kemen, Ben J Ward, Volkan Cevik, Alexandre Robert-Seilaniantz, Torsten Schultz-Larsen, Alexi Balmuth, Eric Holub, Cock van Oosterhout, Jonathan DG Jones, Detlef Weigel (Editor)

Section for Plant and Soil Sciences

35 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

How generalist parasites with wide host ranges can evolve is a central question in parasite evolution. Albugo candida is an obligate biotrophic parasite that consists of many physiological races that each specialize on distinct Brassicaceae host species. By analyzing genome sequence assemblies of five isolates, we show they represent three races that are genetically diverged by ∼1%. Despite this divergence, their genomes are mosaic-like, with ∼25% being introgressed from other races. Sequential infection experiments show that infection by adapted races enables subsequent infection of hosts by normally non-infecting races. This facilitates introgression and the exchange of effector repertoires, and may enable the evolution of novel races that can undergo clonal population expansion on new hosts. We discuss recent studies on hybridization in other eukaryotes such as yeast, Heliconius butterflies, Darwin's finches, sunflowers and cichlid fishes, and the implications of introgression for pathogen evolution in an agro-ecological environment.

Original language	Danish
Article number	e04550
Journal	eLife
Volume	4
Number of pages	24
ISSN	2050-084X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.04550
Publication status	Published - 27 Feb 2015

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10.7554/elife.04550Licence: CC BY

http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4384639?pdf=renderLicence: CC BY

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McMullan, M., Gardiner, A., Bailey, K., Kemen, E., Ward, B. J., Cevik, V., Robert-Seilaniantz, A., Schultz-Larsen, T., Balmuth, A., Holub, E., van Oosterhout, C., Jones, J. DG., & Weigel, D. (Ed.) (2015). Evidence for suppression of immunity as a driver for genomic introgressions and host range expansion in races of Albugo candida, a generalist parasite. eLife, 4, [e04550]. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.04550

McMullan, M, Gardiner, A, Bailey, K, Kemen, E, Ward, BJ, Cevik, V, Robert-Seilaniantz, A, Schultz-Larsen, T, Balmuth, A, Holub, E, van Oosterhout, C, Jones, JDG & Weigel, D (ed.) 2015, 'Evidence for suppression of immunity as a driver for genomic introgressions and host range expansion in races of Albugo candida, a generalist parasite', eLife, vol. 4, e04550. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.04550

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abstract = "How generalist parasites with wide host ranges can evolve is a central question in parasite evolution. Albugo candida is an obligate biotrophic parasite that consists of many physiological races that each specialize on distinct Brassicaceae host species. By analyzing genome sequence assemblies of five isolates, we show they represent three races that are genetically diverged by ∼1%. Despite this divergence, their genomes are mosaic-like, with ∼25% being introgressed from other races. Sequential infection experiments show that infection by adapted races enables subsequent infection of hosts by normally non-infecting races. This facilitates introgression and the exchange of effector repertoires, and may enable the evolution of novel races that can undergo clonal population expansion on new hosts. We discuss recent studies on hybridization in other eukaryotes such as yeast, Heliconius butterflies, Darwin's finches, sunflowers and cichlid fishes, and the implications of introgression for pathogen evolution in an agro-ecological environment.",

keywords = "Albugo candida, oomycete, mosaic genome, recombination, introgression, hybridization",

author = "Mark McMullan and Anastasia Gardiner and Kate Bailey and Eric Kemen and Ward, {Ben J} and Volkan Cevik and Alexandre Robert-Seilaniantz and Torsten Schultz-Larsen and Alexi Balmuth and Eric Holub and {van Oosterhout}, Cock and Jones, {Jonathan DG} and Detlef Weigel",

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AU - McMullan, Mark

AU - Gardiner, Anastasia

AU - Bailey, Kate

AU - Kemen, Eric

AU - Ward, Ben J

AU - Cevik, Volkan

AU - Robert-Seilaniantz, Alexandre

AU - Schultz-Larsen, Torsten

AU - Balmuth, Alexi

AU - Holub, Eric

AU - van Oosterhout, Cock

AU - Jones, Jonathan DG

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N2 - How generalist parasites with wide host ranges can evolve is a central question in parasite evolution. Albugo candida is an obligate biotrophic parasite that consists of many physiological races that each specialize on distinct Brassicaceae host species. By analyzing genome sequence assemblies of five isolates, we show they represent three races that are genetically diverged by ∼1%. Despite this divergence, their genomes are mosaic-like, with ∼25% being introgressed from other races. Sequential infection experiments show that infection by adapted races enables subsequent infection of hosts by normally non-infecting races. This facilitates introgression and the exchange of effector repertoires, and may enable the evolution of novel races that can undergo clonal population expansion on new hosts. We discuss recent studies on hybridization in other eukaryotes such as yeast, Heliconius butterflies, Darwin's finches, sunflowers and cichlid fishes, and the implications of introgression for pathogen evolution in an agro-ecological environment.

AB - How generalist parasites with wide host ranges can evolve is a central question in parasite evolution. Albugo candida is an obligate biotrophic parasite that consists of many physiological races that each specialize on distinct Brassicaceae host species. By analyzing genome sequence assemblies of five isolates, we show they represent three races that are genetically diverged by ∼1%. Despite this divergence, their genomes are mosaic-like, with ∼25% being introgressed from other races. Sequential infection experiments show that infection by adapted races enables subsequent infection of hosts by normally non-infecting races. This facilitates introgression and the exchange of effector repertoires, and may enable the evolution of novel races that can undergo clonal population expansion on new hosts. We discuss recent studies on hybridization in other eukaryotes such as yeast, Heliconius butterflies, Darwin's finches, sunflowers and cichlid fishes, and the implications of introgression for pathogen evolution in an agro-ecological environment.

KW - Albugo candida

KW - oomycete

KW - mosaic genome

KW - recombination

KW - introgression

KW - hybridization

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