Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in white children aged 4-8 y: a randomized, controlled, dose-response trial

Charlotte Mortensen; Camilla Trab Damsgaard; Hanne Hauger; Christian Ritz; Susan A Lanham-New; Taryn J Smith; Áine Hennessy; Kirsten Dowling; Kevin D Cashman; Mairead Kiely; Christian Mølgaard

doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.136697

Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in white children aged 4-8 y: a randomized, controlled, dose-response trial

Charlotte Mortensen, Camilla Trab Damsgaard, Hanne Hauger, Christian Ritz, Susan A Lanham-New, Taryn J Smith, Áine Hennessy, Kirsten Dowling, Kevin D Cashman, Mairead Kiely, Christian Mølgaard

Lifecourse Nutrition & Health

34 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Children in northern latitudes are at high risk of Vitamin D deficiency during winter because of negligible dermal Vitamin D3 production. However, to our knowledge, the dietary requirement for maintaining the nutritional adequacy of Vitamin D in young children has not been investigated. Objective: We aimed to establish the distribution of Vitamin D intakes required to maintain winter serum 25-hydroxyVitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations above the proposed cutoffs (25, 30, 40, and 50 nmol/L) in white Danish children aged 4-8 y living at 558N. Design: In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial 119 children (mean age: 6.7 y) were assigned to 0 (placebo), 10, or 20 mg Vitamin D3/d supplementation for 20 wk.We measured anthropometry, dietary Vitamin D, and serum 25(OH)D with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry at baseline and endpoint. Results: Themean6 SD baseline serum25(OH)D was 56.76 12.3 nmol/L (range: 28.7-101.4 nmol/L). Serum 25(OH)D increased by a mean 6 SE of 4.9 6 1.3 and 17.7 6 1.8 nmol/L in the groups receiving 10 and 20 mg Vitamin D3/d, respectively, and decreased by 24.1 6 1.2 nmol/L in the placebo group (P , 0.001). A nonlinear model of serum 25(OH)D as a function of total Vitamin D intake (diet and supplements) was fit to the data. The estimated Vitamin D intakes required to maintain winter serum 25(OH)D .30 (avoiding deficiency) and .50 nmol/L (ensuring adequacy) in 97.5% of participants were 8.3 and 19.5 mg/d, respectively, and 4.4 mg/d was required to maintain serum 25(OH)D .40 nmol/L in 50% of participants. Conclusions: Vitamin D intakes between 8 and 20 mg/d are required by white 4-to 8-y-olds during winter in northern latitudes to maintain serum 25(OH)D .30-50 nmol/L depending on chosen serum 25(OH)D threshold.

Original language	English
Journal	American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volume	104
Issue number	5
Pages (from-to)	1310-1317
Number of pages	8
ISSN	0002-9165
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.136697
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2016

Keywords

Faculty of Science
Children
Dose-response
ODIN
Randomized controlled trial
Recommendations
Requirements
Vitamin D

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Mortensen, C., Damsgaard, C. T., Hauger, H., Ritz, C., Lanham-New, S. A., Smith, T. J., Hennessy, Á., Dowling, K., Cashman, K. D., Kiely, M., & Mølgaard, C. (2016). Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in white children aged 4-8 y: a randomized, controlled, dose-response trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 104(5), 1310-1317. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.136697

Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in white children aged 4-8 y: a randomized, controlled, dose-response trial. / Mortensen, Charlotte; Damsgaard, Camilla Trab; Hauger, Hanne et al.
In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 104, No. 5, 01.11.2016, p. 1310-1317.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Mortensen, C, Damsgaard, CT, Hauger, H, Ritz, C, Lanham-New, SA, Smith, TJ, Hennessy, Á, Dowling, K, Cashman, KD, Kiely, M & Mølgaard, C 2016, 'Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in white children aged 4-8 y: a randomized, controlled, dose-response trial', American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 104, no. 5, pp. 1310-1317. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.136697

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title = "Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in white children aged 4-8 y: a randomized, controlled, dose-response trial",

abstract = "Background: Children in northern latitudes are at high risk of Vitamin D deficiency during winter because of negligible dermal Vitamin D3 production. However, to our knowledge, the dietary requirement for maintaining the nutritional adequacy of Vitamin D in young children has not been investigated. Objective: We aimed to establish the distribution of Vitamin D intakes required to maintain winter serum 25-hydroxyVitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations above the proposed cutoffs (25, 30, 40, and 50 nmol/L) in white Danish children aged 4-8 y living at 558N. Design: In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial 119 children (mean age: 6.7 y) were assigned to 0 (placebo), 10, or 20 mg Vitamin D3/d supplementation for 20 wk.We measured anthropometry, dietary Vitamin D, and serum 25(OH)D with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry at baseline and endpoint. Results: Themean6 SD baseline serum25(OH)D was 56.76 12.3 nmol/L (range: 28.7-101.4 nmol/L). Serum 25(OH)D increased by a mean 6 SE of 4.9 6 1.3 and 17.7 6 1.8 nmol/L in the groups receiving 10 and 20 mg Vitamin D3/d, respectively, and decreased by 24.1 6 1.2 nmol/L in the placebo group (P , 0.001). A nonlinear model of serum 25(OH)D as a function of total Vitamin D intake (diet and supplements) was fit to the data. The estimated Vitamin D intakes required to maintain winter serum 25(OH)D .30 (avoiding deficiency) and .50 nmol/L (ensuring adequacy) in 97.5% of participants were 8.3 and 19.5 mg/d, respectively, and 4.4 mg/d was required to maintain serum 25(OH)D .40 nmol/L in 50% of participants. Conclusions: Vitamin D intakes between 8 and 20 mg/d are required by white 4-to 8-y-olds during winter in northern latitudes to maintain serum 25(OH)D .30-50 nmol/L depending on chosen serum 25(OH)D threshold.",

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AU - Mortensen, Charlotte

AU - Damsgaard, Camilla Trab

AU - Hauger, Hanne

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Lanham-New, Susan A

AU - Smith, Taryn J

AU - Hennessy, Áine

AU - Dowling, Kirsten

AU - Cashman, Kevin D

AU - Kiely, Mairead

AU - Mølgaard, Christian

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N2 - Background: Children in northern latitudes are at high risk of Vitamin D deficiency during winter because of negligible dermal Vitamin D3 production. However, to our knowledge, the dietary requirement for maintaining the nutritional adequacy of Vitamin D in young children has not been investigated. Objective: We aimed to establish the distribution of Vitamin D intakes required to maintain winter serum 25-hydroxyVitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations above the proposed cutoffs (25, 30, 40, and 50 nmol/L) in white Danish children aged 4-8 y living at 558N. Design: In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial 119 children (mean age: 6.7 y) were assigned to 0 (placebo), 10, or 20 mg Vitamin D3/d supplementation for 20 wk.We measured anthropometry, dietary Vitamin D, and serum 25(OH)D with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry at baseline and endpoint. Results: Themean6 SD baseline serum25(OH)D was 56.76 12.3 nmol/L (range: 28.7-101.4 nmol/L). Serum 25(OH)D increased by a mean 6 SE of 4.9 6 1.3 and 17.7 6 1.8 nmol/L in the groups receiving 10 and 20 mg Vitamin D3/d, respectively, and decreased by 24.1 6 1.2 nmol/L in the placebo group (P , 0.001). A nonlinear model of serum 25(OH)D as a function of total Vitamin D intake (diet and supplements) was fit to the data. The estimated Vitamin D intakes required to maintain winter serum 25(OH)D .30 (avoiding deficiency) and .50 nmol/L (ensuring adequacy) in 97.5% of participants were 8.3 and 19.5 mg/d, respectively, and 4.4 mg/d was required to maintain serum 25(OH)D .40 nmol/L in 50% of participants. Conclusions: Vitamin D intakes between 8 and 20 mg/d are required by white 4-to 8-y-olds during winter in northern latitudes to maintain serum 25(OH)D .30-50 nmol/L depending on chosen serum 25(OH)D threshold.

AB - Background: Children in northern latitudes are at high risk of Vitamin D deficiency during winter because of negligible dermal Vitamin D3 production. However, to our knowledge, the dietary requirement for maintaining the nutritional adequacy of Vitamin D in young children has not been investigated. Objective: We aimed to establish the distribution of Vitamin D intakes required to maintain winter serum 25-hydroxyVitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations above the proposed cutoffs (25, 30, 40, and 50 nmol/L) in white Danish children aged 4-8 y living at 558N. Design: In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial 119 children (mean age: 6.7 y) were assigned to 0 (placebo), 10, or 20 mg Vitamin D3/d supplementation for 20 wk.We measured anthropometry, dietary Vitamin D, and serum 25(OH)D with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry at baseline and endpoint. Results: Themean6 SD baseline serum25(OH)D was 56.76 12.3 nmol/L (range: 28.7-101.4 nmol/L). Serum 25(OH)D increased by a mean 6 SE of 4.9 6 1.3 and 17.7 6 1.8 nmol/L in the groups receiving 10 and 20 mg Vitamin D3/d, respectively, and decreased by 24.1 6 1.2 nmol/L in the placebo group (P , 0.001). A nonlinear model of serum 25(OH)D as a function of total Vitamin D intake (diet and supplements) was fit to the data. The estimated Vitamin D intakes required to maintain winter serum 25(OH)D .30 (avoiding deficiency) and .50 nmol/L (ensuring adequacy) in 97.5% of participants were 8.3 and 19.5 mg/d, respectively, and 4.4 mg/d was required to maintain serum 25(OH)D .40 nmol/L in 50% of participants. Conclusions: Vitamin D intakes between 8 and 20 mg/d are required by white 4-to 8-y-olds during winter in northern latitudes to maintain serum 25(OH)D .30-50 nmol/L depending on chosen serum 25(OH)D threshold.

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KW - Requirements

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JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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ER -

Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in white children aged 4-8 y: a randomized, controlled, dose-response trial

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Keywords

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