Establishing a community-wide DNA barcode library as a new tool for arctic research

H. Wirta; G. Várkonyi; C. Rasmussen; R. Kaartinen; N. M. Schmidt; P. D. N. Hebert; M. Barták; G. Blagoev; H. Disney; S. Ertl; Peter Gjelstrup; D. J. Gwiazdowicz; L. Huldén; J. Ilmonen; J. Jakovlev; M. Jaschhof; J. Kahanpää; T. Kankaanpää; P. H. Krogh; R. Labbee; C. Lettner; Verner Michelsen; S. A. Nielsen; T. R. Nielsen; L. Paasivirta; S. Pedersen; J. Pohjoismäki; J. Salmela; P. Vilkamaa; H. Väre; M. von Tschirnhaus; T. Roslin

doi:10.1111/1755-0998.12489

Establishing a community-wide DNA barcode library as a new tool for arctic research

H. Wirta^*, G. Várkonyi, C. Rasmussen, R. Kaartinen, N. M. Schmidt, P. D. N. Hebert, M. Barták, G. Blagoev, H. Disney, S. Ertl, Peter Gjelstrup, D. J. Gwiazdowicz, L. Huldén, J. Ilmonen, J. Jakovlev, M. Jaschhof, J. Kahanpää, T. Kankaanpää, P. H. Krogh, R. LabbeeC. Lettner, Verner Michelsen, S. A. Nielsen, T. R. Nielsen, L. Paasivirta, S. Pedersen, J. Pohjoismäki, J. Salmela, P. Vilkamaa, H. Väre, M. von Tschirnhaus, T. Roslin

^*Corresponding author for this work

48 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

DNA sequences offer powerful tools for describing the members and interactions of natural communities. In this study, we establish the to-date most comprehensive library of DNA barcodes for a terrestrial site, including all known macroscopic animals and vascular plants of an intensively studied area of the High Arctic, the Zackenberg Valley in Northeast Greenland. To demonstrate its utility, we apply the library to identify nearly 20 000 arthropod individuals from two Malaise traps, each operated for two summers. Drawing on this material, we estimate the coverage of previous morphology-based species inventories, derive a snapshot of faunal turnover in space and time and describe the abundance and phenology of species in the rapidly changing arctic environment. Overall, 403 terrestrial animal and 160 vascular plant species were recorded by morphology-based techniques. DNA barcodes (CO1) offered high resolution in discriminating among the local animal taxa, with 92% of morphologically distinguishable taxa assigned to unique Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) and 93% to monophyletic clusters. For vascular plants, resolution was lower, with 54% of species forming monophyletic clusters based on barcode regions rbcLa and ITS2. Malaise catches revealed 122 BINs not detected by previous sampling and DNA barcoding. The insect community was dominated by a few highly abundant taxa. Even closely related taxa differed in phenology, emphasizing the need for species-level resolution when describing ongoing shifts in arctic communities and ecosystems. The DNA barcode library now established for Zackenberg offers new scope for such explorations, and for the detailed dissection of interspecific interactions throughout the community.

Original language	English
Journal	Molecular Ecology Resources
Volume	16
Issue number	3
Pages (from-to)	809-822
Number of pages	14
ISSN	1755-098X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12489
Publication status	Published - 2016

Keywords

Arthropod
DNA barcode library
Greenland
High arctic
Species diversity

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1111/1755-0998.12489

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Wirta, H., Várkonyi, G., Rasmussen, C., Kaartinen, R., Schmidt, N. M., Hebert, P. D. N., Barták, M., Blagoev, G., Disney, H., Ertl, S., Gjelstrup, P., Gwiazdowicz, D. J., Huldén, L., Ilmonen, J., Jakovlev, J., Jaschhof, M., Kahanpää, J., Kankaanpää, T., Krogh, P. H., ... Roslin, T. (2016). Establishing a community-wide DNA barcode library as a new tool for arctic research. Molecular Ecology Resources, 16(3), 809-822. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12489

Wirta, H, Várkonyi, G, Rasmussen, C, Kaartinen, R, Schmidt, NM, Hebert, PDN, Barták, M, Blagoev, G, Disney, H, Ertl, S, Gjelstrup, P, Gwiazdowicz, DJ, Huldén, L, Ilmonen, J, Jakovlev, J, Jaschhof, M, Kahanpää, J, Kankaanpää, T, Krogh, PH, Labbee, R, Lettner, C, Michelsen, V, Nielsen, SA, Nielsen, TR, Paasivirta, L, Pedersen, S, Pohjoismäki, J, Salmela, J, Vilkamaa, P, Väre, H, von Tschirnhaus, M & Roslin, T 2016, 'Establishing a community-wide DNA barcode library as a new tool for arctic research', Molecular Ecology Resources, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 809-822. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12489

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abstract = "DNA sequences offer powerful tools for describing the members and interactions of natural communities. In this study, we establish the to-date most comprehensive library of DNA barcodes for a terrestrial site, including all known macroscopic animals and vascular plants of an intensively studied area of the High Arctic, the Zackenberg Valley in Northeast Greenland. To demonstrate its utility, we apply the library to identify nearly 20 000 arthropod individuals from two Malaise traps, each operated for two summers. Drawing on this material, we estimate the coverage of previous morphology-based species inventories, derive a snapshot of faunal turnover in space and time and describe the abundance and phenology of species in the rapidly changing arctic environment. Overall, 403 terrestrial animal and 160 vascular plant species were recorded by morphology-based techniques. DNA barcodes (CO1) offered high resolution in discriminating among the local animal taxa, with 92% of morphologically distinguishable taxa assigned to unique Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) and 93% to monophyletic clusters. For vascular plants, resolution was lower, with 54% of species forming monophyletic clusters based on barcode regions rbcLa and ITS2. Malaise catches revealed 122 BINs not detected by previous sampling and DNA barcoding. The insect community was dominated by a few highly abundant taxa. Even closely related taxa differed in phenology, emphasizing the need for species-level resolution when describing ongoing shifts in arctic communities and ecosystems. The DNA barcode library now established for Zackenberg offers new scope for such explorations, and for the detailed dissection of interspecific interactions throughout the community.",

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AU - Várkonyi, G.

AU - Rasmussen, C.

AU - Kaartinen, R.

AU - Schmidt, N. M.

AU - Hebert, P. D. N.

AU - Barták, M.

AU - Blagoev, G.

AU - Disney, H.

AU - Ertl, S.

AU - Gjelstrup, Peter

AU - Gwiazdowicz, D. J.

AU - Huldén, L.

AU - Ilmonen, J.

AU - Jakovlev, J.

AU - Jaschhof, M.

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AU - Krogh, P. H.

AU - Labbee, R.

AU - Lettner, C.

AU - Michelsen, Verner

AU - Nielsen, S. A.

AU - Nielsen, T. R.

AU - Paasivirta, L.

AU - Pedersen, S.

AU - Pohjoismäki, J.

AU - Salmela, J.

AU - Vilkamaa, P.

AU - Väre, H.

AU - von Tschirnhaus, M.

AU - Roslin, T.

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Establishing a community-wide DNA barcode library as a new tool for arctic research

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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