Eosinophil granule proteins ECP and EPX as markers for a potential early-stage inflammatory lesion in female genital schistosomiasis (FGS)

Charles Emile Ramarokoto; Anna M. O. Kildemoes; Bodo Sahondra Randrianasolo; Pascaline Ravoniarimbinina; Vololomboahangy Elisabeth Ravaoalimalala; Peter Leutscher; Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland; Birgitte J Vennervald

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002974

Eosinophil granule proteins ECP and EPX as markers for a potential early-stage inflammatory lesion in female genital schistosomiasis (FGS)

Charles Emile Ramarokoto, Anna M. O. Kildemoes, Bodo Sahondra Randrianasolo, Pascaline Ravoniarimbinina, Vololomboahangy Elisabeth Ravaoalimalala, Peter Leutscher, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland, Birgitte J Vennervald

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Genital granulomas induced by Schistosoma haematobium eggs can manifest as different lesion types visible by colposcopy; rubbery papules (RP), homogenous sandy patches (HSP) and grainy sandy patches (GSP). Pronounced tissue eosinophilia is a candidate marker for active S. haematobium pathology, as viable schistosome egg granulomas often are eosinophil rich. Here it was investigated whether eosinophil granule proteins ECP (eosinophil cationic protein) and EPX (eosinophil protein-X) in urine and genital lavage can be used as markers for active FGS lesions.

METHODS: Uro-genital samples from 118 Malagasy women were analysed for ECP and EPX by standard sandwich avidin/biotin amplified ELISA.

PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The women with RP lesions had significantly higher levels of ECP and EPX in both lavage and urine. Furthermore, women with RP lesions were significantly younger than those with GSP. This could indicate that RP lesions might be more recently established and thus represent an earlier inflammatory lesion stage.

CONCLUSION: ECP in genital lavage might be a future tool aiding the identification of FGS pathology at a stage where reversibility remains a possibility following praziquantel treatment.

Original language	English
Article number	e2974
Journal	P L o S Neglected Tropical Diseases (Online)
Volume	8
Issue number	7
Number of pages	7
ISSN	1935-2735
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002974
Publication status	Published - Jul 2014

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Ramarokoto, C. E., Kildemoes, A. M. O., Randrianasolo, B. S., Ravoniarimbinina, P., Ravaoalimalala, V. E., Leutscher, P., Kjetland, E. F., & Vennervald, B. J. (2014). Eosinophil granule proteins ECP and EPX as markers for a potential early-stage inflammatory lesion in female genital schistosomiasis (FGS). P L o S Neglected Tropical Diseases (Online), 8(7), [e2974]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002974

Eosinophil granule proteins ECP and EPX as markers for a potential early-stage inflammatory lesion in female genital schistosomiasis (FGS). / Ramarokoto, Charles Emile; Kildemoes, Anna M. O.; Randrianasolo, Bodo Sahondra et al.

In: P L o S Neglected Tropical Diseases (Online), Vol. 8, No. 7, e2974, 07.2014.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Ramarokoto, CE, Kildemoes, AMO, Randrianasolo, BS, Ravoniarimbinina, P, Ravaoalimalala, VE, Leutscher, P, Kjetland, EF & Vennervald, BJ 2014, 'Eosinophil granule proteins ECP and EPX as markers for a potential early-stage inflammatory lesion in female genital schistosomiasis (FGS)', P L o S Neglected Tropical Diseases (Online), vol. 8, no. 7, e2974. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002974

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abstract = "BACKGROUND: Genital granulomas induced by Schistosoma haematobium eggs can manifest as different lesion types visible by colposcopy; rubbery papules (RP), homogenous sandy patches (HSP) and grainy sandy patches (GSP). Pronounced tissue eosinophilia is a candidate marker for active S. haematobium pathology, as viable schistosome egg granulomas often are eosinophil rich. Here it was investigated whether eosinophil granule proteins ECP (eosinophil cationic protein) and EPX (eosinophil protein-X) in urine and genital lavage can be used as markers for active FGS lesions.METHODS: Uro-genital samples from 118 Malagasy women were analysed for ECP and EPX by standard sandwich avidin/biotin amplified ELISA.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The women with RP lesions had significantly higher levels of ECP and EPX in both lavage and urine. Furthermore, women with RP lesions were significantly younger than those with GSP. This could indicate that RP lesions might be more recently established and thus represent an earlier inflammatory lesion stage.CONCLUSION: ECP in genital lavage might be a future tool aiding the identification of FGS pathology at a stage where reversibility remains a possibility following praziquantel treatment.",

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AU - Ramarokoto, Charles Emile

AU - Kildemoes, Anna M. O.

AU - Randrianasolo, Bodo Sahondra

AU - Ravoniarimbinina, Pascaline

AU - Ravaoalimalala, Vololomboahangy Elisabeth

AU - Leutscher, Peter

AU - Kjetland, Eyrun Floerecke

AU - Vennervald, Birgitte J

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N2 - BACKGROUND: Genital granulomas induced by Schistosoma haematobium eggs can manifest as different lesion types visible by colposcopy; rubbery papules (RP), homogenous sandy patches (HSP) and grainy sandy patches (GSP). Pronounced tissue eosinophilia is a candidate marker for active S. haematobium pathology, as viable schistosome egg granulomas often are eosinophil rich. Here it was investigated whether eosinophil granule proteins ECP (eosinophil cationic protein) and EPX (eosinophil protein-X) in urine and genital lavage can be used as markers for active FGS lesions.METHODS: Uro-genital samples from 118 Malagasy women were analysed for ECP and EPX by standard sandwich avidin/biotin amplified ELISA.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The women with RP lesions had significantly higher levels of ECP and EPX in both lavage and urine. Furthermore, women with RP lesions were significantly younger than those with GSP. This could indicate that RP lesions might be more recently established and thus represent an earlier inflammatory lesion stage.CONCLUSION: ECP in genital lavage might be a future tool aiding the identification of FGS pathology at a stage where reversibility remains a possibility following praziquantel treatment.

AB - BACKGROUND: Genital granulomas induced by Schistosoma haematobium eggs can manifest as different lesion types visible by colposcopy; rubbery papules (RP), homogenous sandy patches (HSP) and grainy sandy patches (GSP). Pronounced tissue eosinophilia is a candidate marker for active S. haematobium pathology, as viable schistosome egg granulomas often are eosinophil rich. Here it was investigated whether eosinophil granule proteins ECP (eosinophil cationic protein) and EPX (eosinophil protein-X) in urine and genital lavage can be used as markers for active FGS lesions.METHODS: Uro-genital samples from 118 Malagasy women were analysed for ECP and EPX by standard sandwich avidin/biotin amplified ELISA.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The women with RP lesions had significantly higher levels of ECP and EPX in both lavage and urine. Furthermore, women with RP lesions were significantly younger than those with GSP. This could indicate that RP lesions might be more recently established and thus represent an earlier inflammatory lesion stage.CONCLUSION: ECP in genital lavage might be a future tool aiding the identification of FGS pathology at a stage where reversibility remains a possibility following praziquantel treatment.

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DO - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002974

M3 - Journal article

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SN - 1935-2735

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JO - P L o S Neglected Tropical Diseases (Online)

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ER -

Eosinophil granule proteins ECP and EPX as markers for a potential early-stage inflammatory lesion in female genital schistosomiasis (FGS)

Abstract

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