Effects of school meals with weekly fish servings on vitamin D status in Danish children: secondary outcomes from the OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study

Rikke Agnete Petersen; Camilla Trab Damsgaard; Stine-Mathilde Dalskov; Louise Bergmann Sørensen; Mads Fiil Hjorth; Rikke Andersen; Inge Tetens; Henrik Krarup; Christian Ritz; Arne Astrup; Kim F. Michaelsen; Christian Mølgaard

doi:10.1017/jns.2015.15

Effects of school meals with weekly fish servings on vitamin D status in Danish children: secondary outcomes from the OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study

Rikke Agnete Petersen, Camilla Trab Damsgaard, Stine-Mathilde Dalskov, Louise Bergmann Sørensen, Mads Fiil Hjorth, Rikke Andersen, Inge Tetens, Henrik Krarup, Christian Ritz, Arne Astrup, Kim F. Michaelsen, Christian Mølgaard

5 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Children's vitamin D intake and status can be optimised to meet recommendations. We investigated if nutritionally balanced school meals with weekly fish servings affected serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and markers related to bone in 8- to 11-year-old Danish children. We conducted an explorative secondary outcome analysis on data from 784 children from the OPUS School Meal Study, a cluster-randomised cross-over trial where children received school meals for 3 months and habitual lunch for 3 months. At baseline, and at the end of each dietary period, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin (OC), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA), bone mineral density (BMD), dietary intake and physical activity were assessed. School meals increased vitamin D intake by 0·9 (95 % CI 0·7, 1·1) μg/d. No consistent effects were found on 25(OH)D, BMC, BA, BMD, IGF-1 or OC. However, season-modified effects were observed with 25(OH)D, i.e. children completing the school meal period in January/February had higher 25(OH)D status (5·5 (95 % CI 1·8, 9·2) nmol/l; P = 0·004) than children completing the control period in these months. A similar tendency was indicated in November/December (4·1 (95 % CI -0·12, 8·3) nmol/l; P = 0·057). However, the effect was opposite in March/April (-4·0 (95 % CI -7·0, -0·9) nmol/l; P = 0·010), and no difference was found in May/June (P = 0·214). Unexpectedly, the school meals slightly increased PTH (0·18 (95 % CI 0·07, 0·29) pmol/l) compared with habitual lunch. Small increases in dietary vitamin D might hold potential to mitigate the winter nadir in Danish children's 25(OH)D status while higher increases appear necessary to affect status throughout the year. More trials on effects of vitamin D intake from natural foods are needed.

Original language	English
Article number	e26
Journal	Journal of Nutritional Science
Volume	4
Number of pages	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2015.15
Publication status	Published - 22 Jan 2015

Keywords

Faculty of Science
Vitamin D
Nutrition
Children
School meals

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Petersen, R. A., Damsgaard, C. T., Dalskov, S-M., Sørensen, L. B., Hjorth, M. F., Andersen, R., Tetens, I., Krarup, H., Ritz, C., Astrup, A., Michaelsen, K. F., & Mølgaard, C. (2015). Effects of school meals with weekly fish servings on vitamin D status in Danish children: secondary outcomes from the OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study. Journal of Nutritional Science, 4, [e26]. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2015.15

Effects of school meals with weekly fish servings on vitamin D status in Danish children : secondary outcomes from the OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study. / Petersen, Rikke Agnete; Damsgaard, Camilla Trab; Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde et al.

In: Journal of Nutritional Science, Vol. 4, e26, 22.01.2015.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Petersen, RA, Damsgaard, CT, Dalskov, S-M, Sørensen, LB, Hjorth, MF, Andersen, R, Tetens, I, Krarup, H, Ritz, C, Astrup, A, Michaelsen, KF & Mølgaard, C 2015, 'Effects of school meals with weekly fish servings on vitamin D status in Danish children: secondary outcomes from the OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study', Journal of Nutritional Science, vol. 4, e26. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2015.15

Petersen RA, Damsgaard CT, Dalskov S-M, Sørensen LB, Hjorth MF, Andersen R et al. Effects of school meals with weekly fish servings on vitamin D status in Danish children: secondary outcomes from the OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study. Journal of Nutritional Science. 2015 Jan 22;4:e26. doi: 10.1017/jns.2015.15

Petersen, Rikke Agnete ; Damsgaard, Camilla Trab ; Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde et al. / Effects of school meals with weekly fish servings on vitamin D status in Danish children : secondary outcomes from the OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study. In: Journal of Nutritional Science. 2015 ; Vol. 4.

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title = "Effects of school meals with weekly fish servings on vitamin D status in Danish children: secondary outcomes from the OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study",

abstract = "Children's vitamin D intake and status can be optimised to meet recommendations. We investigated if nutritionally balanced school meals with weekly fish servings affected serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and markers related to bone in 8- to 11-year-old Danish children. We conducted an explorative secondary outcome analysis on data from 784 children from the OPUS School Meal Study, a cluster-randomised cross-over trial where children received school meals for 3 months and habitual lunch for 3 months. At baseline, and at the end of each dietary period, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin (OC), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA), bone mineral density (BMD), dietary intake and physical activity were assessed. School meals increased vitamin D intake by 0·9 (95 % CI 0·7, 1·1) μg/d. No consistent effects were found on 25(OH)D, BMC, BA, BMD, IGF-1 or OC. However, season-modified effects were observed with 25(OH)D, i.e. children completing the school meal period in January/February had higher 25(OH)D status (5·5 (95 % CI 1·8, 9·2) nmol/l; P = 0·004) than children completing the control period in these months. A similar tendency was indicated in November/December (4·1 (95 % CI -0·12, 8·3) nmol/l; P = 0·057). However, the effect was opposite in March/April (-4·0 (95 % CI -7·0, -0·9) nmol/l; P = 0·010), and no difference was found in May/June (P = 0·214). Unexpectedly, the school meals slightly increased PTH (0·18 (95 % CI 0·07, 0·29) pmol/l) compared with habitual lunch. Small increases in dietary vitamin D might hold potential to mitigate the winter nadir in Danish children's 25(OH)D status while higher increases appear necessary to affect status throughout the year. More trials on effects of vitamin D intake from natural foods are needed.",

keywords = "Faculty of Science, Vitamin D, Ern{\ae}ring, B{\o}rn, Skolemad, Vitamin D, Nutrition, Children, School meals",

author = "Petersen, {Rikke Agnete} and Damsgaard, {Camilla Trab} and Stine-Mathilde Dalskov and S{\o}rensen, {Louise Bergmann} and Hjorth, {Mads Fiil} and Rikke Andersen and Inge Tetens and Henrik Krarup and Christian Ritz and Arne Astrup and Michaelsen, {Kim F.} and Christian M{\o}lgaard",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Effects of school meals with weekly fish servings on vitamin D status in Danish children

T2 - secondary outcomes from the OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study

AU - Petersen, Rikke Agnete

AU - Damsgaard, Camilla Trab

AU - Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde

AU - Sørensen, Louise Bergmann

AU - Hjorth, Mads Fiil

AU - Andersen, Rikke

AU - Tetens, Inge

AU - Krarup, Henrik

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Astrup, Arne

AU - Michaelsen, Kim F.

AU - Mølgaard, Christian

N1 - CURIS 2015 NEXS 367

PY - 2015/1/22

Y1 - 2015/1/22

N2 - Children's vitamin D intake and status can be optimised to meet recommendations. We investigated if nutritionally balanced school meals with weekly fish servings affected serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and markers related to bone in 8- to 11-year-old Danish children. We conducted an explorative secondary outcome analysis on data from 784 children from the OPUS School Meal Study, a cluster-randomised cross-over trial where children received school meals for 3 months and habitual lunch for 3 months. At baseline, and at the end of each dietary period, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin (OC), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA), bone mineral density (BMD), dietary intake and physical activity were assessed. School meals increased vitamin D intake by 0·9 (95 % CI 0·7, 1·1) μg/d. No consistent effects were found on 25(OH)D, BMC, BA, BMD, IGF-1 or OC. However, season-modified effects were observed with 25(OH)D, i.e. children completing the school meal period in January/February had higher 25(OH)D status (5·5 (95 % CI 1·8, 9·2) nmol/l; P = 0·004) than children completing the control period in these months. A similar tendency was indicated in November/December (4·1 (95 % CI -0·12, 8·3) nmol/l; P = 0·057). However, the effect was opposite in March/April (-4·0 (95 % CI -7·0, -0·9) nmol/l; P = 0·010), and no difference was found in May/June (P = 0·214). Unexpectedly, the school meals slightly increased PTH (0·18 (95 % CI 0·07, 0·29) pmol/l) compared with habitual lunch. Small increases in dietary vitamin D might hold potential to mitigate the winter nadir in Danish children's 25(OH)D status while higher increases appear necessary to affect status throughout the year. More trials on effects of vitamin D intake from natural foods are needed.

AB - Children's vitamin D intake and status can be optimised to meet recommendations. We investigated if nutritionally balanced school meals with weekly fish servings affected serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and markers related to bone in 8- to 11-year-old Danish children. We conducted an explorative secondary outcome analysis on data from 784 children from the OPUS School Meal Study, a cluster-randomised cross-over trial where children received school meals for 3 months and habitual lunch for 3 months. At baseline, and at the end of each dietary period, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin (OC), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA), bone mineral density (BMD), dietary intake and physical activity were assessed. School meals increased vitamin D intake by 0·9 (95 % CI 0·7, 1·1) μg/d. No consistent effects were found on 25(OH)D, BMC, BA, BMD, IGF-1 or OC. However, season-modified effects were observed with 25(OH)D, i.e. children completing the school meal period in January/February had higher 25(OH)D status (5·5 (95 % CI 1·8, 9·2) nmol/l; P = 0·004) than children completing the control period in these months. A similar tendency was indicated in November/December (4·1 (95 % CI -0·12, 8·3) nmol/l; P = 0·057). However, the effect was opposite in March/April (-4·0 (95 % CI -7·0, -0·9) nmol/l; P = 0·010), and no difference was found in May/June (P = 0·214). Unexpectedly, the school meals slightly increased PTH (0·18 (95 % CI 0·07, 0·29) pmol/l) compared with habitual lunch. Small increases in dietary vitamin D might hold potential to mitigate the winter nadir in Danish children's 25(OH)D status while higher increases appear necessary to affect status throughout the year. More trials on effects of vitamin D intake from natural foods are needed.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Vitamin D

KW - Ernæring

KW - Børn

KW - Skolemad

KW - Vitamin D

KW - Nutrition

KW - Children

KW - School meals

U2 - 10.1017/jns.2015.15

DO - 10.1017/jns.2015.15

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 26495118

SN - 2048-6790

VL - 4

JO - Journal of Nutritional Science

JF - Journal of Nutritional Science

M1 - e26

ER -