Does workplace social capital protect against long-term sickness absence? Linking workplace aggregated social capital to sickness absence registry data

TY - JOUR

T1 - Does workplace social capital protect against long-term sickness absence? Linking workplace aggregated social capital to sickness absence registry data

AU - Hansen, Anne Sophie K.

AU - Madsen, Ida E.H.

AU - Thorsen, Sannie Vester

AU - Melkevik, Ole

AU - Bjørner, Jakob Bue

AU - Andersen, Ingelise

AU - Rugulies, Reiner

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - Aims: Most previous prospective studies have examined workplace social capital as a resource of the individual. However, literature suggests that social capital is a collective good. In the present study we examined whether a high level of workplace aggregated social capital (WASC) predicts a decreased risk of individual-level long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in Danish private sector employees. Methods: A sample of 2043 employees (aged 18–64 years, 38.5% women) from 260 Danish private-sector companies filled in a questionnaire on workplace social capital and covariates. WASC was calculated by assigning the company-averaged social capital score to all employees of each company. We derived LTSA, defined as sickness absence of more than three weeks, from a national register. We examined if WASC predicted employee LTSA using multilevel survival analyses, while excluding participants with LTSA in the three months preceding baseline. Results: We found no statistically significant association in any of the analyses. The hazard ratio for LTSA in the fully adjusted model was 0.93 (95% CI 0.77–1.13) per one standard deviation increase in WASC. When using WASC as a categorical exposure we found a statistically non-significant tendency towards a decreased risk of LTSA in employees with medium WASC (fully adjusted model: HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.48–1.27)). Post hoc analyses with workplace social capital as a resource of the individual showed similar results. Conclusions: WASC did not predict LTSA in this sample of Danish private-sector employees.

AB - Aims: Most previous prospective studies have examined workplace social capital as a resource of the individual. However, literature suggests that social capital is a collective good. In the present study we examined whether a high level of workplace aggregated social capital (WASC) predicts a decreased risk of individual-level long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in Danish private sector employees. Methods: A sample of 2043 employees (aged 18–64 years, 38.5% women) from 260 Danish private-sector companies filled in a questionnaire on workplace social capital and covariates. WASC was calculated by assigning the company-averaged social capital score to all employees of each company. We derived LTSA, defined as sickness absence of more than three weeks, from a national register. We examined if WASC predicted employee LTSA using multilevel survival analyses, while excluding participants with LTSA in the three months preceding baseline. Results: We found no statistically significant association in any of the analyses. The hazard ratio for LTSA in the fully adjusted model was 0.93 (95% CI 0.77–1.13) per one standard deviation increase in WASC. When using WASC as a categorical exposure we found a statistically non-significant tendency towards a decreased risk of LTSA in employees with medium WASC (fully adjusted model: HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.48–1.27)). Post hoc analyses with workplace social capital as a resource of the individual showed similar results. Conclusions: WASC did not predict LTSA in this sample of Danish private-sector employees.

KW - epidemiology

KW - justice

KW - multilevel analysis

KW - occupational health

KW - private sector

KW - psychosocial

KW - sick leave

KW - Social capital

KW - trust

KW - workplace

U2 - 10.1177/1403494817721672

DO - 10.1177/1403494817721672

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28784025

AN - SCOPUS:85042116204

SN - 1403-4948

VL - 46

SP - 290

EP - 296

JO - Scandinavian Journal of Public Health

JF - Scandinavian Journal of Public Health

IS - 3

ER -