Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and albuminuria in rural Zambia: a hospital-based survey

TY - JOUR

T1 - Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and albuminuria in rural Zambia

T2 - a hospital-based survey

AU - Rasmussen, Jon B

AU - Thomsen, Jakúp A

AU - Rossing, Peter

AU - Parkinson, Shelagh

AU - Christensen, Dirk Lund

AU - Bygbjerg, Ib C

N1 - © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2013/9

Y1 - 2013/9

N2 - Objective: To assess albuminuria in rural Zambia among patients with diabetes mellitus only (DM group), hypertension only (HTN group) and patients with combined DM and HTN (DM/HTN group). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at St. Francis Hospital in the Eastern province of Zambia. Albumin-creatinine ratio in one urine sample was used to assess albuminuria. Other information obtained included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), random capillary glucose, time since diagnosis, medication and family history of DM or HTN. Results: A total of 193 participants were included (DM group: n = 33; HTN group: n = 92; DM/HTN group: n = 68). The participants in the DM group used insulin more frequently as diabetes medication than the DM/HTN group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the DM group was younger and had lower BMI, WC and BP than the two other groups. In the DM group, HTN group and DM/HTN group, microalbuminuria was found in 12.1%, 19.6% and 29.4% (P = 0.11), and macroalbuminuria was found in 0.0%, 3.3% and 13.2% (P = 0.014), respectively. The urine albumin (P = 0.014) and albumin-creatinine ratio (P = 0.0006) differed between the three groups. Conclusion: This hospital-based survey in rural Zambia found a lower frequency of albuminuria among the participants than in previous studies of patients with DM or HTN in urban sub-Saharan Africa.

AB - Objective: To assess albuminuria in rural Zambia among patients with diabetes mellitus only (DM group), hypertension only (HTN group) and patients with combined DM and HTN (DM/HTN group). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at St. Francis Hospital in the Eastern province of Zambia. Albumin-creatinine ratio in one urine sample was used to assess albuminuria. Other information obtained included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), random capillary glucose, time since diagnosis, medication and family history of DM or HTN. Results: A total of 193 participants were included (DM group: n = 33; HTN group: n = 92; DM/HTN group: n = 68). The participants in the DM group used insulin more frequently as diabetes medication than the DM/HTN group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the DM group was younger and had lower BMI, WC and BP than the two other groups. In the DM group, HTN group and DM/HTN group, microalbuminuria was found in 12.1%, 19.6% and 29.4% (P = 0.11), and macroalbuminuria was found in 0.0%, 3.3% and 13.2% (P = 0.014), respectively. The urine albumin (P = 0.014) and albumin-creatinine ratio (P = 0.0006) differed between the three groups. Conclusion: This hospital-based survey in rural Zambia found a lower frequency of albuminuria among the participants than in previous studies of patients with DM or HTN in urban sub-Saharan Africa.

KW - Albuminuria

KW - Antihypertensive Agents

KW - Biological Markers

KW - Comorbidity

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - Diabetes Complications

KW - Diabetes Mellitus

KW - Humans

KW - Hypertension

KW - Hypoglycemic Agents

KW - Zambia

U2 - 10.1111/tmi.12139

DO - 10.1111/tmi.12139

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 23763632

SN - 1360-2276

VL - 18

SP - 1080

EP - 1084

JO - Tropical Medicine & International Health

JF - Tropical Medicine & International Health

IS - 9

ER -