Deviations in human gut microbiota: a novel diagnostic test for determining dysbiosis in patients with IBS or IBD

TY - JOUR

T1 - Deviations in human gut microbiota

T2 - a novel diagnostic test for determining dysbiosis in patients with IBS or IBD

AU - Casén, C

AU - Vebø, H C

AU - Sekelja, M

AU - Hegge, F T

AU - Karlsson, M K

AU - Ciemniejewska, E

AU - Dzankovic, S

AU - Frøyland, C

AU - Nestestog, R

AU - Engstrand, L

AU - Munkholm, P

AU - Nielsen, O H

AU - Rogler, G

AU - Simrén, M

AU - Öhman, L

AU - Vatn, M H

AU - Rudi, K

N1 - © 2015 Genetic Analysis AS. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2015/7/1

Y1 - 2015/7/1

N2 - Background Dysbiosis is associated with many diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), obesity and diabetes. Potential clinical impact of imbalance in the intestinal microbiota suggests need for new standardised diagnostic methods to facilitate microbiome profiling. Aim To develop and validate a novel diagnostic test using faecal samples to profile the intestinal microbiota and identify and characterise dysbiosis. Methods Fifty-four DNA probes targeting ≥300 bacteria on different taxonomic levels were selected based on ability to distinguish between healthy controls and IBS patients in faecal samples. Overall, 165 healthy controls (normobiotic reference collection) were used to develop a dysbiosis model with a bacterial profile and Dysbiosis Index score output. The model algorithmically assesses faecal bacterial abundance and profile, and potential clinically relevant deviation in the microbiome from normobiosis. This model was tested in different samples from healthy volunteers and IBS and IBD patients (n = 330) to determine the ability to detect dysbiosis. Results Validation confirms dysbiosis was detected in 73% of IBS patients, 70% of treatment-naïve IBD patients and 80% of IBD patients in remission, vs. 16% of healthy individuals. Comparison of deep sequencing and the GA-map Dysbiosis Test, (Genetic Analysis AS, Oslo, Norway) illustrated good agreement in bacterial capture; the latter showing higher resolution by targeting pre-determined highly relevant bacteria. Conclusions The GA-map Dysbiosis Test identifies and characterises dysbiosis in IBS and IBD patients, and provides insight into a patient's intestinal microbiota. Evaluating microbiota as a diagnostic strategy may allow monitoring of prescribed treatment regimens and improvement in new therapeutic approaches.

AB - Background Dysbiosis is associated with many diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), obesity and diabetes. Potential clinical impact of imbalance in the intestinal microbiota suggests need for new standardised diagnostic methods to facilitate microbiome profiling. Aim To develop and validate a novel diagnostic test using faecal samples to profile the intestinal microbiota and identify and characterise dysbiosis. Methods Fifty-four DNA probes targeting ≥300 bacteria on different taxonomic levels were selected based on ability to distinguish between healthy controls and IBS patients in faecal samples. Overall, 165 healthy controls (normobiotic reference collection) were used to develop a dysbiosis model with a bacterial profile and Dysbiosis Index score output. The model algorithmically assesses faecal bacterial abundance and profile, and potential clinically relevant deviation in the microbiome from normobiosis. This model was tested in different samples from healthy volunteers and IBS and IBD patients (n = 330) to determine the ability to detect dysbiosis. Results Validation confirms dysbiosis was detected in 73% of IBS patients, 70% of treatment-naïve IBD patients and 80% of IBD patients in remission, vs. 16% of healthy individuals. Comparison of deep sequencing and the GA-map Dysbiosis Test, (Genetic Analysis AS, Oslo, Norway) illustrated good agreement in bacterial capture; the latter showing higher resolution by targeting pre-determined highly relevant bacteria. Conclusions The GA-map Dysbiosis Test identifies and characterises dysbiosis in IBS and IBD patients, and provides insight into a patient's intestinal microbiota. Evaluating microbiota as a diagnostic strategy may allow monitoring of prescribed treatment regimens and improvement in new therapeutic approaches.

KW - Adolescent

KW - Adult

KW - Aged

KW - Bacteria

KW - Diagnostic Tests, Routine

KW - Dysbiosis

KW - Feces

KW - Female

KW - Gastrointestinal Microbiome

KW - Humans

KW - Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

KW - Irritable Bowel Syndrome

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Norway

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.1111/apt.13236

DO - 10.1111/apt.13236

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 25973666

SN - 0269-2813

VL - 42

SP - 71

EP - 83

JO - Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

JF - Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

IS - 1

ER -