Abstract
PURPOSE: 3-Hydroxykynurenine O-β-D-glucoside (3OHKG) protects the lens from UV damage, and novel related species may act analogously. The aim of this study was to detect, quantify, and elucidate the structures of novel 3-hydroxykynurenine glucoside-derived metabolites present in the human lens.
METHODS: Compounds were detected and quantified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in 24 human lenses of different ages, of which 22 were normal and two had cataract. Structures of these were confirmed through total synthesis.
RESULTS: 3OHKG concentrations decreased with age in the lens nuclei, whereas the levels of three novel species, 4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid O-β-D-glucoside (3OHKG-W), 3-hydroxykynurenine O-β-D-glucoside yellow (3OHKG-Y), and 2-amino-3-hydroxyacetophenone O-β-D-glucoside (AHAG), increased, though to different extents. In contrast, the concentrations present in the cortex of the lens remained constant with age.
CONCLUSIONS: Three novel 3OHKG-derived metabolites have been detected in extracts from human lenses.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science |
| Volume | 55 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| Pages (from-to) | 849-55 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| ISSN | 0146-0404 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 9 Jan 2014 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cataract
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Glucosides
- Humans
- Lens, Crystalline
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Middle Aged
- Phenylbutyrates
- Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Young Adult