Detection of parvovirus B19 NS1-specific antibodies by ELISA and western blotting employing recombinant NS1 protein as antigen.

TY - JOUR

T1 - Detection of parvovirus B19 NS1-specific antibodies by ELISA and western blotting employing recombinant NS1 protein as antigen.

AU - Heegaard, Erik D

AU - Rasksen, Cecilie J

AU - Christensen, Jesper

N1 - Keywords: Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antibody Specificity; Antigens, Viral; Baculoviridae; Blotting, Western; Capsid; Capsid Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Child; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epitopes; Humans; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus B19, Human; Protein Conformation; Recombinant Proteins; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spodoptera; Viral Nonstructural Proteins

PY - 2002

Y1 - 2002

N2 - Human parvovirus B19 (B19) encodes a number of nonstructural proteins, including the major protein, NS1, and two structural proteins, VP1 and VP2. The use of denatured NS1 in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) assay has provided an opportunity to study some of the immunologic properties of NS1, but the results have been equivocal and the diagnostic sensitivity poor, probably because of the absence of conformational epitopes. Various viral isolates and baculovirus vectors were employed to produce recombinant B19 NS1 under nondenaturing conditions for the first time. To assess the antigenicity of purified B19 NS1, the reaction patterns of 252 samples were compared by B19 NS1 and VP2 ELISA. In sera from individuals with past infection (VP2 IgG-positive), the use of this new antigen increased significantly the sensitivity of ELISA compared with WB (78% vs. 33%, P = 0.001), contradicting perpetuated claims that B19 NS1 IgG is detected primarily in patients with arthralgia or chronic infection. Previous reports of the absence of NS1 IgG during the initial phase of infection (< 6 weeks) were proved incorrect by the detection of NS1 IgG in 60% of samples from patients recently infected by B19. Including conformational epitopes in the ELISA increases the diagnostic sensitivity, although immunologically, a temporal (years) attenuation of NS1 antibodies appears to take place. This novel diagnostic tool may be useful as a supplement in case of borderline results by VP2 ELISA and for monitoring the efficacy of future capsid-based B19 vaccines.

AB - Human parvovirus B19 (B19) encodes a number of nonstructural proteins, including the major protein, NS1, and two structural proteins, VP1 and VP2. The use of denatured NS1 in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) assay has provided an opportunity to study some of the immunologic properties of NS1, but the results have been equivocal and the diagnostic sensitivity poor, probably because of the absence of conformational epitopes. Various viral isolates and baculovirus vectors were employed to produce recombinant B19 NS1 under nondenaturing conditions for the first time. To assess the antigenicity of purified B19 NS1, the reaction patterns of 252 samples were compared by B19 NS1 and VP2 ELISA. In sera from individuals with past infection (VP2 IgG-positive), the use of this new antigen increased significantly the sensitivity of ELISA compared with WB (78% vs. 33%, P = 0.001), contradicting perpetuated claims that B19 NS1 IgG is detected primarily in patients with arthralgia or chronic infection. Previous reports of the absence of NS1 IgG during the initial phase of infection (< 6 weeks) were proved incorrect by the detection of NS1 IgG in 60% of samples from patients recently infected by B19. Including conformational epitopes in the ELISA increases the diagnostic sensitivity, although immunologically, a temporal (years) attenuation of NS1 antibodies appears to take place. This novel diagnostic tool may be useful as a supplement in case of borderline results by VP2 ELISA and for monitoring the efficacy of future capsid-based B19 vaccines.

U2 - 10.1002/jmv.10079

DO - 10.1002/jmv.10079

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 12116031

SN - 0146-6615

VL - 67

SP - 375

EP - 383

JO - Journal of Medical Virology

JF - Journal of Medical Virology

IS - 3

ER -