Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D                         
                        2/3
                                                  receptor antagonist treatment

Kasper Jessen; Egill Rostrup; Rene C.W. Mandl; Mette O. Nielsen; Nikolaj Bak; Birgitte Fagerlund; Birte Y. Glenthoj; Bjorn H. Ebdrup

doi:10.1017/S0033291718001198

Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D _2/3 receptor antagonist treatment

Kasper Jessen^*, Egill Rostrup, Rene C.W. Mandl, Mette O. Nielsen, Nikolaj Bak, Birgitte Fagerlund, Birte Y. Glenthoj, Bjorn H. Ebdrup

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Clinical Medicine

12 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background Schizophrenia has been associated with changes in both cortical thickness and surface area, but antipsychotic exposure, illness progression and substance use may confound observations. In antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients, we investigated cortical thickness and surface area as well as mean curvature before and after monotherapy with amisulpride, a relatively selective dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist.Methods Fifty-six patients and 59 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent T1-weighted 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Forty-one patients and 51 HCs were re-scanned. FreeSurfer-processed baseline, follow-up values and symmetrized percentage changes (SPC) in cortical structures were analysed using univariate analysis of variance. Clinical measures comprised psychopathology ratings, assessment of functioning and tests of premorbid and current intelligence. We applied false discovery rate correction to account for multiple comparisons.Results At baseline, groups did not differ in cortical thickness or surface area; however, curvature in the left hemisphere was higher in patients (p = 0.015). In both patients and HCs, higher curvature was associated with lower premorbid (p = 0.009) and current intelligence (p < 0.001). Lower surface area was associated with lower premorbid intelligence (p = 0.017). After 6 weeks, the cortical structures did not differ between groups. Amisulpride dose (275.0 mg/day) did not correlate with any cortical structures (p > 0.43). Cortical thickness SPC was negatively associated with symptom improvement (p = 0.002).Conclusions Schizophrenia appears associated with subtle, yet clinically relevant aberrations in cortical structures. Mean curvature holds promise as a sensitive supplement to cortical thickness and surface area to detect complex structural brain abnormalities.

Original language	English
Journal	Psychological Medicine
Volume	49
Issue number	5
Pages (from-to)	754-763
Number of pages	10
ISSN	0033-2917
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718001198
Publication status	Published - 2019

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10.1017/S0033291718001198

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Jessen, K., Rostrup, E., Mandl, R. C. W., Nielsen, M. O., Bak, N., Fagerlund, B., Glenthoj, B. Y., & Ebdrup, B. H. (2019). Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D _2/3 receptor antagonist treatment. Psychological Medicine, 49(5), 754-763. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718001198

Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D _2/3 receptor antagonist treatment. / Jessen, Kasper; Rostrup, Egill; Mandl, Rene C.W. et al.
In: Psychological Medicine, Vol. 49, No. 5, 2019, p. 754-763.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Jessen, K, Rostrup, E, Mandl, RCW, Nielsen, MO, Bak, N, Fagerlund, B , Glenthoj, BY & Ebdrup, BH 2019, 'Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D _2/3 receptor antagonist treatment', Psychological Medicine, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 754-763. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718001198

Jessen K, Rostrup E, Mandl RCW, Nielsen MO, Bak N, Fagerlund B et al. Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D _2/3 receptor antagonist treatment. Psychological Medicine. 2019;49(5):754-763. doi: 10.1017/S0033291718001198

Jessen, Kasper ; Rostrup, Egill ; Mandl, Rene C.W. et al. / Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D _2/3 receptor antagonist treatment. In: Psychological Medicine. 2019 ; Vol. 49, No. 5. pp. 754-763.

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title = "Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-na{\"i}ve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D 2/3 receptor antagonist treatment",

abstract = "Background Schizophrenia has been associated with changes in both cortical thickness and surface area, but antipsychotic exposure, illness progression and substance use may confound observations. In antipsychotic-na{\"i}ve schizophrenia patients, we investigated cortical thickness and surface area as well as mean curvature before and after monotherapy with amisulpride, a relatively selective dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist.Methods Fifty-six patients and 59 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent T1-weighted 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Forty-one patients and 51 HCs were re-scanned. FreeSurfer-processed baseline, follow-up values and symmetrized percentage changes (SPC) in cortical structures were analysed using univariate analysis of variance. Clinical measures comprised psychopathology ratings, assessment of functioning and tests of premorbid and current intelligence. We applied false discovery rate correction to account for multiple comparisons.Results At baseline, groups did not differ in cortical thickness or surface area; however, curvature in the left hemisphere was higher in patients (p = 0.015). In both patients and HCs, higher curvature was associated with lower premorbid (p = 0.009) and current intelligence (p < 0.001). Lower surface area was associated with lower premorbid intelligence (p = 0.017). After 6 weeks, the cortical structures did not differ between groups. Amisulpride dose (275.0 mg/day) did not correlate with any cortical structures (p > 0.43). Cortical thickness SPC was negatively associated with symptom improvement (p = 0.002).Conclusions Schizophrenia appears associated with subtle, yet clinically relevant aberrations in cortical structures. Mean curvature holds promise as a sensitive supplement to cortical thickness and surface area to detect complex structural brain abnormalities.",

author = "Kasper Jessen and Egill Rostrup and Mandl, {Rene C.W.} and Nielsen, {Mette O.} and Nikolaj Bak and Birgitte Fagerlund and Glenthoj, {Birte Y.} and Ebdrup, {Bjorn H.}",

year = "2019",

doi = "10.1017/S0033291718001198",

language = "English",

volume = "49",

pages = "754--763",

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T1 - Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D 2/3 receptor antagonist treatment

AU - Jessen, Kasper

AU - Rostrup, Egill

AU - Mandl, Rene C.W.

AU - Nielsen, Mette O.

AU - Bak, Nikolaj

AU - Fagerlund, Birgitte

AU - Glenthoj, Birte Y.

AU - Ebdrup, Bjorn H.

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - Background Schizophrenia has been associated with changes in both cortical thickness and surface area, but antipsychotic exposure, illness progression and substance use may confound observations. In antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients, we investigated cortical thickness and surface area as well as mean curvature before and after monotherapy with amisulpride, a relatively selective dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist.Methods Fifty-six patients and 59 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent T1-weighted 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Forty-one patients and 51 HCs were re-scanned. FreeSurfer-processed baseline, follow-up values and symmetrized percentage changes (SPC) in cortical structures were analysed using univariate analysis of variance. Clinical measures comprised psychopathology ratings, assessment of functioning and tests of premorbid and current intelligence. We applied false discovery rate correction to account for multiple comparisons.Results At baseline, groups did not differ in cortical thickness or surface area; however, curvature in the left hemisphere was higher in patients (p = 0.015). In both patients and HCs, higher curvature was associated with lower premorbid (p = 0.009) and current intelligence (p < 0.001). Lower surface area was associated with lower premorbid intelligence (p = 0.017). After 6 weeks, the cortical structures did not differ between groups. Amisulpride dose (275.0 mg/day) did not correlate with any cortical structures (p > 0.43). Cortical thickness SPC was negatively associated with symptom improvement (p = 0.002).Conclusions Schizophrenia appears associated with subtle, yet clinically relevant aberrations in cortical structures. Mean curvature holds promise as a sensitive supplement to cortical thickness and surface area to detect complex structural brain abnormalities.

AB - Background Schizophrenia has been associated with changes in both cortical thickness and surface area, but antipsychotic exposure, illness progression and substance use may confound observations. In antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients, we investigated cortical thickness and surface area as well as mean curvature before and after monotherapy with amisulpride, a relatively selective dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist.Methods Fifty-six patients and 59 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent T1-weighted 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Forty-one patients and 51 HCs were re-scanned. FreeSurfer-processed baseline, follow-up values and symmetrized percentage changes (SPC) in cortical structures were analysed using univariate analysis of variance. Clinical measures comprised psychopathology ratings, assessment of functioning and tests of premorbid and current intelligence. We applied false discovery rate correction to account for multiple comparisons.Results At baseline, groups did not differ in cortical thickness or surface area; however, curvature in the left hemisphere was higher in patients (p = 0.015). In both patients and HCs, higher curvature was associated with lower premorbid (p = 0.009) and current intelligence (p < 0.001). Lower surface area was associated with lower premorbid intelligence (p = 0.017). After 6 weeks, the cortical structures did not differ between groups. Amisulpride dose (275.0 mg/day) did not correlate with any cortical structures (p > 0.43). Cortical thickness SPC was negatively associated with symptom improvement (p = 0.002).Conclusions Schizophrenia appears associated with subtle, yet clinically relevant aberrations in cortical structures. Mean curvature holds promise as a sensitive supplement to cortical thickness and surface area to detect complex structural brain abnormalities.

U2 - 10.1017/S0033291718001198

DO - 10.1017/S0033291718001198

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29734953

AN - SCOPUS:85046534466

SN - 0033-2917

VL - 49

SP - 754

EP - 763

JO - Psychological Medicine

JF - Psychological Medicine

IS - 5

ER -

Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D 2/3 receptor antagonist treatment

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Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D _2/3 receptor antagonist treatment