Copenhagen Consensus statement 2019: Physical activity and ageing

Jens Bangsbo; Joanna Blackwell; Carl-Johan Boraxbekk; Paolo Caserotti; Flemming Dela; Adam Brian Evans; Astrid Pernille Jespersen; Lasse Gliemann; Arthur F Kramer; Jesper Lundbye-Jensen; Erik Lykke Mortensen; Aske Juul Lassen; Alan J Gow; Stephen D R Harridge; Ylva Hellsten; Michael Kjær; Urho M Kujala; Ryan E Rhodes; Elizabeth C J Pike; Timothy Skinner; Thomas Skovgaard; Jens Troelsen; Emmanuelle Tulle; Mark A Tully; Jannique G Z van Uffelen; Jose Viña

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-100451

Copenhagen Consensus statement 2019: Physical activity and ageing

Jens Bangsbo, Joanna Blackwell, Carl-Johan Boraxbekk, Paolo Caserotti, Flemming Dela, Adam Brian Evans, Astrid Pernille Jespersen, Lasse Gliemann, Arthur F Kramer, Jesper Lundbye-Jensen, Erik Lykke Mortensen, Aske Juul Lassen, Alan J Gow, Stephen D R Harridge, Ylva Hellsten, Michael Kjær, Urho M Kujala, Ryan E Rhodes, Elizabeth C J Pike, Timothy SkinnerThomas Skovgaard, Jens Troelsen, Emmanuelle Tulle, Mark A Tully, Jannique G Z van Uffelen, Jose Viña

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Abstract

From 19^th to 22^nd November 2018, 26 researchers representing nine countries and a variety of academic disciplines met in Snekkersten, Denmark, to reach evidence-based consensus about physical activity and older adults. It was recognised that the term 'older adults' represents a highly heterogeneous population. It encompasses those that remain highly active and healthy throughout the life-course with a high intrinsic capacity to the very old and frail with low intrinsic capacity. The consensus is drawn from a wide range of research methodologies within epidemiology, medicine, physiology, neuroscience, psychology and sociology, recognising the strength and limitations of each of the methods. Much of the evidence presented in the statements is based on longitudinal associations from observational and randomised controlled intervention studies, as well as quantitative and qualitative social studies in relatively healthy community-dwelling older adults. Nevertheless, we also considered research with frail older adults and those with age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and in a few cases molecular and cellular outcome measures from animal studies. The consensus statements distinguish between physical activity and exercise. Physical activity is used as an umbrella term that includes both structured and unstructured forms of leisure, transport, domestic and work-related activities. Physical activity entails body movement that increases energy expenditure relative to rest, and is often characterised in terms of intensity from light, to moderate to vigorous. Exercise is defined as a subset of structured physical activities that are more specifically designed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, cognitive function, flexibility balance, strength and/or power. This statement presents the consensus on the effects of physical activity on older adults' fitness, health, cognitive functioning, functional capacity, engagement, motivation, psychological well-being and social inclusion. It also covers the consensus on physical activity implementation strategies. While it is recognised that adverse events can occur during exercise, the risk can be minimised by carefully choosing the type of activity undertaken and by consultation with the individual's physician when warranted, for example, when the individual is frail, has a number of co-morbidities, or has exercise-related symptoms, such as chest pain, heart arrhythmia or dizziness. The consensus was obtained through an iterative process that began with the presentation of the state-of-the-science in each domain, followed by group and plenary discussions. Ultimately, the participants reached agreement on the 30-item consensus statements.

Original language	English
Journal	British Journal of Sports Medicine
Volume	53
Issue number	14
Pages (from-to)	856-858
Number of pages	3
ISSN	0306-3674
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-100451
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2019

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Bangsbo, J., Blackwell, J., Boraxbekk, C-J., Caserotti, P., Dela, F., Evans, A. B., Jespersen, A. P., Gliemann, L., Kramer, A. F., Lundbye-Jensen, J., Mortensen, E. L., Lassen, A. J., Gow, A. J., Harridge, S. D. R., Hellsten, Y., Kjær, M., Kujala, U. M., Rhodes, R. E., Pike, E. C. J., ... Viña, J. (2019). Copenhagen Consensus statement 2019: Physical activity and ageing. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(14), 856-858. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-100451

Bangsbo, J, Blackwell, J, Boraxbekk, C-J, Caserotti, P, Dela, F , Evans, AB , Jespersen, AP , Gliemann, L, Kramer, AF, Lundbye-Jensen, J , Mortensen, EL , Lassen, AJ, Gow, AJ, Harridge, SDR, Hellsten, Y , Kjær, M, Kujala, UM, Rhodes, RE, Pike, ECJ, Skinner, T, Skovgaard, T, Troelsen, J, Tulle, E, Tully, MA, van Uffelen, JGZ & Viña, J 2019, 'Copenhagen Consensus statement 2019: Physical activity and ageing', British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 53, no. 14, pp. 856-858. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-100451

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title = "Copenhagen Consensus statement 2019: Physical activity and ageing",

abstract = "From 19th to 22nd November 2018, 26 researchers representing nine countries and a variety of academic disciplines met in Snekkersten, Denmark, to reach evidence-based consensus about physical activity and older adults. It was recognised that the term 'older adults' represents a highly heterogeneous population. It encompasses those that remain highly active and healthy throughout the life-course with a high intrinsic capacity to the very old and frail with low intrinsic capacity. The consensus is drawn from a wide range of research methodologies within epidemiology, medicine, physiology, neuroscience, psychology and sociology, recognising the strength and limitations of each of the methods. Much of the evidence presented in the statements is based on longitudinal associations from observational and randomised controlled intervention studies, as well as quantitative and qualitative social studies in relatively healthy community-dwelling older adults. Nevertheless, we also considered research with frail older adults and those with age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and in a few cases molecular and cellular outcome measures from animal studies. The consensus statements distinguish between physical activity and exercise. Physical activity is used as an umbrella term that includes both structured and unstructured forms of leisure, transport, domestic and work-related activities. Physical activity entails body movement that increases energy expenditure relative to rest, and is often characterised in terms of intensity from light, to moderate to vigorous. Exercise is defined as a subset of structured physical activities that are more specifically designed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, cognitive function, flexibility balance, strength and/or power. This statement presents the consensus on the effects of physical activity on older adults' fitness, health, cognitive functioning, functional capacity, engagement, motivation, psychological well-being and social inclusion. It also covers the consensus on physical activity implementation strategies. While it is recognised that adverse events can occur during exercise, the risk can be minimised by carefully choosing the type of activity undertaken and by consultation with the individual's physician when warranted, for example, when the individual is frail, has a number of co-morbidities, or has exercise-related symptoms, such as chest pain, heart arrhythmia or dizziness. The consensus was obtained through an iterative process that began with the presentation of the state-of-the-science in each domain, followed by group and plenary discussions. Ultimately, the participants reached agreement on the 30-item consensus statements.",

author = "Jens Bangsbo and Joanna Blackwell and Carl-Johan Boraxbekk and Paolo Caserotti and Flemming Dela and Evans, {Adam Brian} and Jespersen, {Astrid Pernille} and Lasse Gliemann and Kramer, {Arthur F} and Jesper Lundbye-Jensen and Mortensen, {Erik Lykke} and Lassen, {Aske Juul} and Gow, {Alan J} and Harridge, {Stephen D R} and Ylva Hellsten and Michael Kj{\ae}r and Kujala, {Urho M} and Rhodes, {Ryan E} and Pike, {Elizabeth C J} and Timothy Skinner and Thomas Skovgaard and Jens Troelsen and Emmanuelle Tulle and Tully, {Mark A} and {van Uffelen}, {Jannique G Z} and Jose Vi{\~n}a",

note = "{\textcopyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.",

year = "2019",

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doi = "10.1136/bjsports-2018-100451",

language = "English",

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T1 - Copenhagen Consensus statement 2019

T2 - Physical activity and ageing

AU - Bangsbo, Jens

AU - Blackwell, Joanna

AU - Boraxbekk, Carl-Johan

AU - Caserotti, Paolo

AU - Dela, Flemming

AU - Evans, Adam Brian

AU - Jespersen, Astrid Pernille

AU - Gliemann, Lasse

AU - Kramer, Arthur F

AU - Lundbye-Jensen, Jesper

AU - Mortensen, Erik Lykke

AU - Lassen, Aske Juul

AU - Gow, Alan J

AU - Harridge, Stephen D R

AU - Hellsten, Ylva

AU - Kjær, Michael

AU - Kujala, Urho M

AU - Rhodes, Ryan E

AU - Pike, Elizabeth C J

AU - Skinner, Timothy

AU - Skovgaard, Thomas

AU - Troelsen, Jens

AU - Tulle, Emmanuelle

AU - Tully, Mark A

AU - van Uffelen, Jannique G Z

AU - Viña, Jose

PY - 2019/7/1

Y1 - 2019/7/1

N2 - From 19th to 22nd November 2018, 26 researchers representing nine countries and a variety of academic disciplines met in Snekkersten, Denmark, to reach evidence-based consensus about physical activity and older adults. It was recognised that the term 'older adults' represents a highly heterogeneous population. It encompasses those that remain highly active and healthy throughout the life-course with a high intrinsic capacity to the very old and frail with low intrinsic capacity. The consensus is drawn from a wide range of research methodologies within epidemiology, medicine, physiology, neuroscience, psychology and sociology, recognising the strength and limitations of each of the methods. Much of the evidence presented in the statements is based on longitudinal associations from observational and randomised controlled intervention studies, as well as quantitative and qualitative social studies in relatively healthy community-dwelling older adults. Nevertheless, we also considered research with frail older adults and those with age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and in a few cases molecular and cellular outcome measures from animal studies. The consensus statements distinguish between physical activity and exercise. Physical activity is used as an umbrella term that includes both structured and unstructured forms of leisure, transport, domestic and work-related activities. Physical activity entails body movement that increases energy expenditure relative to rest, and is often characterised in terms of intensity from light, to moderate to vigorous. Exercise is defined as a subset of structured physical activities that are more specifically designed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, cognitive function, flexibility balance, strength and/or power. This statement presents the consensus on the effects of physical activity on older adults' fitness, health, cognitive functioning, functional capacity, engagement, motivation, psychological well-being and social inclusion. It also covers the consensus on physical activity implementation strategies. While it is recognised that adverse events can occur during exercise, the risk can be minimised by carefully choosing the type of activity undertaken and by consultation with the individual's physician when warranted, for example, when the individual is frail, has a number of co-morbidities, or has exercise-related symptoms, such as chest pain, heart arrhythmia or dizziness. The consensus was obtained through an iterative process that began with the presentation of the state-of-the-science in each domain, followed by group and plenary discussions. Ultimately, the participants reached agreement on the 30-item consensus statements.

AB - From 19th to 22nd November 2018, 26 researchers representing nine countries and a variety of academic disciplines met in Snekkersten, Denmark, to reach evidence-based consensus about physical activity and older adults. It was recognised that the term 'older adults' represents a highly heterogeneous population. It encompasses those that remain highly active and healthy throughout the life-course with a high intrinsic capacity to the very old and frail with low intrinsic capacity. The consensus is drawn from a wide range of research methodologies within epidemiology, medicine, physiology, neuroscience, psychology and sociology, recognising the strength and limitations of each of the methods. Much of the evidence presented in the statements is based on longitudinal associations from observational and randomised controlled intervention studies, as well as quantitative and qualitative social studies in relatively healthy community-dwelling older adults. Nevertheless, we also considered research with frail older adults and those with age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and in a few cases molecular and cellular outcome measures from animal studies. The consensus statements distinguish between physical activity and exercise. Physical activity is used as an umbrella term that includes both structured and unstructured forms of leisure, transport, domestic and work-related activities. Physical activity entails body movement that increases energy expenditure relative to rest, and is often characterised in terms of intensity from light, to moderate to vigorous. Exercise is defined as a subset of structured physical activities that are more specifically designed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, cognitive function, flexibility balance, strength and/or power. This statement presents the consensus on the effects of physical activity on older adults' fitness, health, cognitive functioning, functional capacity, engagement, motivation, psychological well-being and social inclusion. It also covers the consensus on physical activity implementation strategies. While it is recognised that adverse events can occur during exercise, the risk can be minimised by carefully choosing the type of activity undertaken and by consultation with the individual's physician when warranted, for example, when the individual is frail, has a number of co-morbidities, or has exercise-related symptoms, such as chest pain, heart arrhythmia or dizziness. The consensus was obtained through an iterative process that began with the presentation of the state-of-the-science in each domain, followed by group and plenary discussions. Ultimately, the participants reached agreement on the 30-item consensus statements.

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DO - 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100451

M3 - Journal article

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SN - 0306-3674

VL - 53

SP - 856

EP - 858

JO - British Journal of Sports Medicine

JF - British Journal of Sports Medicine

IS - 14

ER -

Copenhagen Consensus statement 2019: Physical activity and ageing

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