Changes in metabolism but not myocellular signaling by training with CHO-restriction in endurance athletes

Kasper Degn Gejl; Kristian Vissing; Mette Hansen; Line Thams; Torben Rokkedal-Lausch; Peter Plomgaard; Anne-Kristine Meinild Lundby; Lars Nybo; Kurt Jensen; Hans-Christer Holmberg; Niels Ørtenblad

doi:10.14814/phy2.13847

Changes in metabolism but not myocellular signaling by training with CHO-restriction in endurance athletes

Kasper Degn Gejl, Kristian Vissing, Mette Hansen, Line Thams, Torben Rokkedal-Lausch, Peter Plomgaard, Anne-Kristine Meinild Lundby, Lars Nybo, Kurt Jensen, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Niels Ørtenblad

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Abstract

Carbohydrate (CHO) restricted training has been shown to increase the acute training response, whereas less is known about the acute effects after repeated CHO restricted training. On two occasions, the acute responses to CHO restriction were examined in endurance athletes. Study 1 examined cellular signaling and metabolic responses after seven training-days including CHO manipulation (n = 16). The protocol consisted of 1 h high-intensity cycling, followed by 7 h recovery, and 2 h of moderate-intensity exercise (120SS). Athletes were randomly assigned to low (LCHO: 80 g) or high (HCHO: 415 g) CHO during recovery and the 120SS. Study 2 examined unaccustomed exposure to the same training protocol (n = 12). In Study 1, muscle biopsies were obtained at rest and 1 h after 120SS, and blood samples drawn during the 120SS. In Study 2, substrate oxidation and plasma glucagon were determined. In Study 1, plasma insulin and proinsulin C-peptide were higher during the 120SS in HCHO compared to LCHO (insulin: 0 min: +37%; 60 min: +135%; 120 min: +357%, P = 0.05; proinsulin C-peptide: 0 min: +32%; 60 min: +52%; 120 min: +79%, P = 0.02), whereas plasma cholesterol was higher in LCHO (+15-17%, P = 0.03). Myocellular signaling did not differ between groups. p-AMPK and p-ACC were increased after 120SS (+35%, P = 0.03; +59%, P = 0.0004, respectively), with no alterations in p-p38, p-53, or p-CREB. In Study 2, glucagon and fat oxidation were higher in LCHO compared to HCHO during the 120SS (+26-40%, P = 0.03; +44-76%, P = 0.01 respectively). In conclusion, the clear respiratory and hematological effects of CHO restricted training were not translated into superior myocellular signaling after accustomization to CHO restriction.

Original language	English
Article number	e13847
Journal	Physiological Reports
Volume	6
Issue number	17
Number of pages	13
ISSN	2051-817X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13847
Publication status	Published - Sept 2018

Keywords

Faculty of Science
Cycling
Endurance performance
Fat oxidation
Glycogen
Train-low

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10.14814/phy2.13847Licence: CC BY

Gejl et al_Physiological Reports_2018_Vol 6(17)_e13847Final published version, 356 KBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{28e374a8481e43389af725ee521095ce,

title = "Changes in metabolism but not myocellular signaling by training with CHO-restriction in endurance athletes",

abstract = "Carbohydrate (CHO) restricted training has been shown to increase the acute training response, whereas less is known about the acute effects after repeated CHO restricted training. On two occasions, the acute responses to CHO restriction were examined in endurance athletes. Study 1 examined cellular signaling and metabolic responses after seven training-days including CHO manipulation (n = 16). The protocol consisted of 1 h high-intensity cycling, followed by 7 h recovery, and 2 h of moderate-intensity exercise (120SS). Athletes were randomly assigned to low (LCHO: 80 g) or high (HCHO: 415 g) CHO during recovery and the 120SS. Study 2 examined unaccustomed exposure to the same training protocol (n = 12). In Study 1, muscle biopsies were obtained at rest and 1 h after 120SS, and blood samples drawn during the 120SS. In Study 2, substrate oxidation and plasma glucagon were determined. In Study 1, plasma insulin and proinsulin C-peptide were higher during the 120SS in HCHO compared to LCHO (insulin: 0 min: +37%; 60 min: +135%; 120 min: +357%, P = 0.05; proinsulin C-peptide: 0 min: +32%; 60 min: +52%; 120 min: +79%, P = 0.02), whereas plasma cholesterol was higher in LCHO (+15-17%, P = 0.03). Myocellular signaling did not differ between groups. p-AMPK and p-ACC were increased after 120SS (+35%, P = 0.03; +59%, P = 0.0004, respectively), with no alterations in p-p38, p-53, or p-CREB. In Study 2, glucagon and fat oxidation were higher in LCHO compared to HCHO during the 120SS (+26-40%, P = 0.03; +44-76%, P = 0.01 respectively). In conclusion, the clear respiratory and hematological effects of CHO restricted training were not translated into superior myocellular signaling after accustomization to CHO restriction.",

keywords = "Faculty of Science, Cycling, Endurance performance, Fat oxidation, Glycogen, Train-low",

author = "Gejl, {Kasper Degn} and Kristian Vissing and Mette Hansen and Line Thams and Torben Rokkedal-Lausch and Peter Plomgaard and {Meinild Lundby}, Anne-Kristine and Lars Nybo and Kurt Jensen and Hans-Christer Holmberg and Niels {\O}rtenblad",

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issn = "2051-817X",

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T1 - Changes in metabolism but not myocellular signaling by training with CHO-restriction in endurance athletes

AU - Gejl, Kasper Degn

AU - Vissing, Kristian

AU - Hansen, Mette

AU - Thams, Line

AU - Rokkedal-Lausch, Torben

AU - Plomgaard, Peter

AU - Meinild Lundby, Anne-Kristine

AU - Nybo, Lars

AU - Jensen, Kurt

AU - Holmberg, Hans-Christer

AU - Ørtenblad, Niels

N1 - CURIS 2018 NEXS 307

PY - 2018/9

Y1 - 2018/9

N2 - Carbohydrate (CHO) restricted training has been shown to increase the acute training response, whereas less is known about the acute effects after repeated CHO restricted training. On two occasions, the acute responses to CHO restriction were examined in endurance athletes. Study 1 examined cellular signaling and metabolic responses after seven training-days including CHO manipulation (n = 16). The protocol consisted of 1 h high-intensity cycling, followed by 7 h recovery, and 2 h of moderate-intensity exercise (120SS). Athletes were randomly assigned to low (LCHO: 80 g) or high (HCHO: 415 g) CHO during recovery and the 120SS. Study 2 examined unaccustomed exposure to the same training protocol (n = 12). In Study 1, muscle biopsies were obtained at rest and 1 h after 120SS, and blood samples drawn during the 120SS. In Study 2, substrate oxidation and plasma glucagon were determined. In Study 1, plasma insulin and proinsulin C-peptide were higher during the 120SS in HCHO compared to LCHO (insulin: 0 min: +37%; 60 min: +135%; 120 min: +357%, P = 0.05; proinsulin C-peptide: 0 min: +32%; 60 min: +52%; 120 min: +79%, P = 0.02), whereas plasma cholesterol was higher in LCHO (+15-17%, P = 0.03). Myocellular signaling did not differ between groups. p-AMPK and p-ACC were increased after 120SS (+35%, P = 0.03; +59%, P = 0.0004, respectively), with no alterations in p-p38, p-53, or p-CREB. In Study 2, glucagon and fat oxidation were higher in LCHO compared to HCHO during the 120SS (+26-40%, P = 0.03; +44-76%, P = 0.01 respectively). In conclusion, the clear respiratory and hematological effects of CHO restricted training were not translated into superior myocellular signaling after accustomization to CHO restriction.

AB - Carbohydrate (CHO) restricted training has been shown to increase the acute training response, whereas less is known about the acute effects after repeated CHO restricted training. On two occasions, the acute responses to CHO restriction were examined in endurance athletes. Study 1 examined cellular signaling and metabolic responses after seven training-days including CHO manipulation (n = 16). The protocol consisted of 1 h high-intensity cycling, followed by 7 h recovery, and 2 h of moderate-intensity exercise (120SS). Athletes were randomly assigned to low (LCHO: 80 g) or high (HCHO: 415 g) CHO during recovery and the 120SS. Study 2 examined unaccustomed exposure to the same training protocol (n = 12). In Study 1, muscle biopsies were obtained at rest and 1 h after 120SS, and blood samples drawn during the 120SS. In Study 2, substrate oxidation and plasma glucagon were determined. In Study 1, plasma insulin and proinsulin C-peptide were higher during the 120SS in HCHO compared to LCHO (insulin: 0 min: +37%; 60 min: +135%; 120 min: +357%, P = 0.05; proinsulin C-peptide: 0 min: +32%; 60 min: +52%; 120 min: +79%, P = 0.02), whereas plasma cholesterol was higher in LCHO (+15-17%, P = 0.03). Myocellular signaling did not differ between groups. p-AMPK and p-ACC were increased after 120SS (+35%, P = 0.03; +59%, P = 0.0004, respectively), with no alterations in p-p38, p-53, or p-CREB. In Study 2, glucagon and fat oxidation were higher in LCHO compared to HCHO during the 120SS (+26-40%, P = 0.03; +44-76%, P = 0.01 respectively). In conclusion, the clear respiratory and hematological effects of CHO restricted training were not translated into superior myocellular signaling after accustomization to CHO restriction.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Cycling

KW - Endurance performance

KW - Fat oxidation

KW - Glycogen

KW - Train-low

U2 - 10.14814/phy2.13847

DO - 10.14814/phy2.13847

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30175557

SN - 2051-817X

VL - 6

JO - Physiological Reports

JF - Physiological Reports

IS - 17

M1 - e13847

ER -

Changes in metabolism but not myocellular signaling by training with CHO-restriction in endurance athletes

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