Change in Job Strain as A Predictor of Change in Insomnia Symptoms: Analyzing Observational Data as A Non-randomized Pseudo-Trial

TY - JOUR

T1 - Change in Job Strain as A Predictor of Change in Insomnia Symptoms

T2 - Analyzing Observational Data as A Non-randomized Pseudo-Trial

AU - Halonen, Jaana I.

AU - Lallukka, Tea

AU - Pentti, Jaana

AU - Stenholm, Sari

AU - Rod, Naja H.

AU - Virtanen, Marianna

AU - Salo, Paula

AU - Kivimäki, Mika

AU - Vahtera, Jussi

N1 - PMID: 27634791

PY - 2017/1/1

Y1 - 2017/1/1

N2 - Methods: Among 24873 adults (82% women, mean age 44 years) who participated in a minimum of three consecutive study waves (2000-2012), job strain was assessed at the first and second wave and insomnia symptoms at all three waves. We analyzed observational data as a "pseudo-trial" including participants with no job strain in the first wave and no insomnia symptoms in the first and second wave (n = 7354) to examine whether the onset of job strain between the first and second waves predicted the onset of insomnia symptoms in the third wave. We used a corresponding approach, including those with job strain in the first wave and insomnia symptoms in the first and second wave (n = 2332), to examine whether the disappearance of job strain between the first two waves predicted remission of insomnia symptoms in the third wave. Results: The onset of job strain predicted the onset of subsequent insomnia symptoms after adjustment for sex, age, marital status, education, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and comorbidities (odds ratio compared to no onset of job strain 1.32, 95% CI 1.16-1.51). The disappearance of job strain was associated with lower odds of repeated insomnia symptoms (odds ratio compared to no disappearance of job strain 0.78, 95% CI 0.65-0.94). Further adjustment for shift work or sleep apnea did not change these associations. Conclusions: These results suggest that job strain is a modifiable risk factor for insomnia symptoms.

AB - Methods: Among 24873 adults (82% women, mean age 44 years) who participated in a minimum of three consecutive study waves (2000-2012), job strain was assessed at the first and second wave and insomnia symptoms at all three waves. We analyzed observational data as a "pseudo-trial" including participants with no job strain in the first wave and no insomnia symptoms in the first and second wave (n = 7354) to examine whether the onset of job strain between the first and second waves predicted the onset of insomnia symptoms in the third wave. We used a corresponding approach, including those with job strain in the first wave and insomnia symptoms in the first and second wave (n = 2332), to examine whether the disappearance of job strain between the first two waves predicted remission of insomnia symptoms in the third wave. Results: The onset of job strain predicted the onset of subsequent insomnia symptoms after adjustment for sex, age, marital status, education, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and comorbidities (odds ratio compared to no onset of job strain 1.32, 95% CI 1.16-1.51). The disappearance of job strain was associated with lower odds of repeated insomnia symptoms (odds ratio compared to no disappearance of job strain 0.78, 95% CI 0.65-0.94). Further adjustment for shift work or sleep apnea did not change these associations. Conclusions: These results suggest that job strain is a modifiable risk factor for insomnia symptoms.

UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27634791

U2 - 10.1093/sleep/zsw007

DO - 10.1093/sleep/zsw007

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28364463

SN - 1550-9109

VL - 40

SP - 1

EP - 8

JO - Sleep

JF - Sleep

IS - 1

M1 - zsw007

ER -