Association of changes in inflammation with variation in glycaemia, insulin resistance and secretion based on the KORA study

TY - JOUR

T1 - Association of changes in inflammation with variation in glycaemia, insulin resistance and secretion based on the KORA study

AU - de Las Heras Gala, Tonia

AU - Herder, Christian

AU - Rutters, Femke

AU - Carstensen-Kirberg, Maren

AU - Huth, Cornelia

AU - Stehouwer, Coen D A

AU - Nijpels, Giel

AU - Schalkwijk, Casper

AU - Flyvbjerg, Allan

AU - Franks, Paul W

AU - Dekker, Jacqueline

AU - Meisinger, Christa

AU - Koenig, Wolfgang

AU - Roden, Michael

AU - Rathmann, Wolfgang

AU - Peters, Annette

AU - Thorand, Barbara

AU - IMI-DIRECT consortium

N1 - © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

PY - 2018/11

Y1 - 2018/11

N2 - AIMS: Subclinical systemic inflammation may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes, but its association with early progression of glycaemic deterioration in persons without diabetes has not been fully investigated. Our primary aim was to assess longitudinal associations of changes in pro-inflammatory (leukocytes, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)) and anti-inflammatory (adiponectin) markers with changes in markers that assessed glycaemia, insulin resistance, and secretion (HbA1c , HOMA-IR, and HOMA-ß). Furthermore, we aimed to directly compare longitudinal with cross-sectional associations.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study includes 819 initially nondiabetic individuals with repeated measurements from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) S4/F4 cohort study (median follow-up: 7.1 years). Longitudinal and cross-sectional associations were simultaneously examined using linear mixed growth models. Changes in markers of inflammation were used as independent and changes in markers of glycaemia/insulin resistance/insulin secretion as dependent variables. Models were adjusted for age, sex, major lifestyle and metabolic risk factors for diabetes using time-varying variables in the final model.RESULTS: Changes of leukocyte count were positively associated with changes in HbA1c and HOMA-ß while changes in adiponectin were inversely associated with changes in HbA1c . All examined cross-sectional associations were statistically significant; they were generally stronger and mostly directionally consistent to the longitudinal association estimates.CONCLUSIONS: Adverse changes in low-grade systemic inflammation go along with glycaemic deterioration and increased insulin secretion independently of changes in other risk factors, suggesting that low-grade inflammation may contribute to the development of hyperglycaemia and a compensatory increase in insulin secretion.

AB - AIMS: Subclinical systemic inflammation may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes, but its association with early progression of glycaemic deterioration in persons without diabetes has not been fully investigated. Our primary aim was to assess longitudinal associations of changes in pro-inflammatory (leukocytes, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)) and anti-inflammatory (adiponectin) markers with changes in markers that assessed glycaemia, insulin resistance, and secretion (HbA1c , HOMA-IR, and HOMA-ß). Furthermore, we aimed to directly compare longitudinal with cross-sectional associations.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study includes 819 initially nondiabetic individuals with repeated measurements from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) S4/F4 cohort study (median follow-up: 7.1 years). Longitudinal and cross-sectional associations were simultaneously examined using linear mixed growth models. Changes in markers of inflammation were used as independent and changes in markers of glycaemia/insulin resistance/insulin secretion as dependent variables. Models were adjusted for age, sex, major lifestyle and metabolic risk factors for diabetes using time-varying variables in the final model.RESULTS: Changes of leukocyte count were positively associated with changes in HbA1c and HOMA-ß while changes in adiponectin were inversely associated with changes in HbA1c . All examined cross-sectional associations were statistically significant; they were generally stronger and mostly directionally consistent to the longitudinal association estimates.CONCLUSIONS: Adverse changes in low-grade systemic inflammation go along with glycaemic deterioration and increased insulin secretion independently of changes in other risk factors, suggesting that low-grade inflammation may contribute to the development of hyperglycaemia and a compensatory increase in insulin secretion.

KW - Adult

KW - Aged

KW - Blood Glucose/metabolism

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications

KW - Female

KW - Germany

KW - Humans

KW - Inflammation/complications

KW - Insulin/metabolism

KW - Insulin Resistance

KW - Longitudinal Studies

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

U2 - 10.1002/dmrr.3063

DO - 10.1002/dmrr.3063

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30114727

SN - 1520-7552

VL - 34

JO - Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews

JF - Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews

IS - 8

M1 - e3063

ER -