Association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality in eight European urban areas

Massimo Stafoggia; Alexandra Schneider; Josef Cyrys; Evangelia Samoli; Zorana Jovanovic Andersen; Getahun Bero Bedada; Tom Bellander; Giorgio Cattani; Konstantinos Eleftheriadis; Annunziata Faustini; Barbara Hoffmann; Bénédicte Jacquemin; Klea Katsouyanni; Andreas Massling; Juha Pekkanen; Noemi Perez; Annette Peters; Ulrich Quass; Tarja Yli-Tuomi; Francesco Forastiere; UF&HEALTH Study Group

doi:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000599

Association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality in eight European urban areas

Massimo Stafoggia, Alexandra Schneider, Josef Cyrys, Evangelia Samoli, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Getahun Bero Bedada, Tom Bellander, Giorgio Cattani, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Annunziata Faustini, Barbara Hoffmann, Bénédicte Jacquemin, Klea Katsouyanni, Andreas Massling, Juha Pekkanen, Noemi Perez, Annette Peters, Ulrich Quass, Tarja Yli-Tuomi, Francesco ForastiereUF&HEALTH Study Group

Center of Epidemiology and Screening

44 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Epidemiologic evidence on the association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality is weak, due to the lack of routine measurements of these particles and standardized multicenter studies. We investigated the relationship between ultrafine particles and particulate matter (PM) and daily mortality in eight European urban areas. Methods: We collected daily data on nonaccidental and cardiorespiratory mortality, particle number concentrations (as proxy for ultrafine particle number concentration), fine and coarse PM, gases and meteorologic parameters in eight urban areas of Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Greece, between 1999 and 2013. We applied city-specific time-series Poisson regression models and pooled them with random-effects meta-analysis. Results: We estimated a weak, delayed association between particle number concentration and nonaccidental mortality, with mortality increasing by approximately 0.35% per 10,000 particles/cm 3 increases in particle number concentration occurring 5 to 7 days before death. A similar pattern was found for cause-specific mortality. Estimates decreased after adjustment for fine particles (PM 2.5) or nitrogen dioxide (NO 2). The stronger association found between particle number concentration and mortality in the warmer season (1.14% increase) became null after adjustment for other pollutants. Conclusions: We found weak evidence of an association between daily ultrafine particles and mortality. Further studies are required with standardized protocols for ultrafine particle data collection in multiple European cities over extended study periods.

Original language	English
Journal	Epidemiology
Volume	28
Issue number	2
Pages (from-to)	172-180
Number of pages	9
ISSN	1044-3983
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000000599
Publication status	Published - 1 Mar 2017

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Stafoggia, M., Schneider, A., Cyrys, J., Samoli, E., Andersen, Z. J., Bedada, G. B., Bellander, T., Cattani, G., Eleftheriadis, K., Faustini, A., Hoffmann, B., Jacquemin, B., Katsouyanni, K., Massling, A., Pekkanen, J., Perez, N., Peters, A., Quass, U., Yli-Tuomi, T., ... UF&HEALTH Study Group (2017). Association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality in eight European urban areas. Epidemiology, 28(2), 172-180. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000000599

Stafoggia, M, Schneider, A, Cyrys, J, Samoli, E, Andersen, ZJ, Bedada, GB, Bellander, T, Cattani, G, Eleftheriadis, K, Faustini, A, Hoffmann, B, Jacquemin, B, Katsouyanni, K, Massling, A, Pekkanen, J, Perez, N, Peters, A, Quass, U, Yli-Tuomi, T, Forastiere, F & UF&HEALTH Study Group 2017, 'Association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality in eight European urban areas', Epidemiology, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 172-180. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000000599

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title = "Association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality in eight European urban areas",

abstract = "Background: Epidemiologic evidence on the association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality is weak, due to the lack of routine measurements of these particles and standardized multicenter studies. We investigated the relationship between ultrafine particles and particulate matter (PM) and daily mortality in eight European urban areas. Methods: We collected daily data on nonaccidental and cardiorespiratory mortality, particle number concentrations (as proxy for ultrafine particle number concentration), fine and coarse PM, gases and meteorologic parameters in eight urban areas of Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Greece, between 1999 and 2013. We applied city-specific time-series Poisson regression models and pooled them with random-effects meta-analysis. Results: We estimated a weak, delayed association between particle number concentration and nonaccidental mortality, with mortality increasing by approximately 0.35% per 10,000 particles/cm 3 increases in particle number concentration occurring 5 to 7 days before death. A similar pattern was found for cause-specific mortality. Estimates decreased after adjustment for fine particles (PM 2.5) or nitrogen dioxide (NO 2). The stronger association found between particle number concentration and mortality in the warmer season (1.14% increase) became null after adjustment for other pollutants. Conclusions: We found weak evidence of an association between daily ultrafine particles and mortality. Further studies are required with standardized protocols for ultrafine particle data collection in multiple European cities over extended study periods.",

author = "Massimo Stafoggia and Alexandra Schneider and Josef Cyrys and Evangelia Samoli and Andersen, {Zorana Jovanovic} and Bedada, {Getahun Bero} and Tom Bellander and Giorgio Cattani and Konstantinos Eleftheriadis and Annunziata Faustini and Barbara Hoffmann and B{\'e}n{\'e}dicte Jacquemin and Klea Katsouyanni and Andreas Massling and Juha Pekkanen and Noemi Perez and Annette Peters and Ulrich Quass and Tarja Yli-Tuomi and Francesco Forastiere and {UF&HEALTH Study Group}",

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T1 - Association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality in eight European urban areas

AU - Stafoggia, Massimo

AU - Schneider, Alexandra

AU - Cyrys, Josef

AU - Samoli, Evangelia

AU - Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic

AU - Bedada, Getahun Bero

AU - Bellander, Tom

AU - Cattani, Giorgio

AU - Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos

AU - Faustini, Annunziata

AU - Hoffmann, Barbara

AU - Jacquemin, Bénédicte

AU - Katsouyanni, Klea

AU - Massling, Andreas

AU - Pekkanen, Juha

AU - Perez, Noemi

AU - Peters, Annette

AU - Quass, Ulrich

AU - Yli-Tuomi, Tarja

AU - Forastiere, Francesco

AU - UF&HEALTH Study Group

PY - 2017/3/1

Y1 - 2017/3/1

N2 - Background: Epidemiologic evidence on the association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality is weak, due to the lack of routine measurements of these particles and standardized multicenter studies. We investigated the relationship between ultrafine particles and particulate matter (PM) and daily mortality in eight European urban areas. Methods: We collected daily data on nonaccidental and cardiorespiratory mortality, particle number concentrations (as proxy for ultrafine particle number concentration), fine and coarse PM, gases and meteorologic parameters in eight urban areas of Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Greece, between 1999 and 2013. We applied city-specific time-series Poisson regression models and pooled them with random-effects meta-analysis. Results: We estimated a weak, delayed association between particle number concentration and nonaccidental mortality, with mortality increasing by approximately 0.35% per 10,000 particles/cm 3 increases in particle number concentration occurring 5 to 7 days before death. A similar pattern was found for cause-specific mortality. Estimates decreased after adjustment for fine particles (PM 2.5) or nitrogen dioxide (NO 2). The stronger association found between particle number concentration and mortality in the warmer season (1.14% increase) became null after adjustment for other pollutants. Conclusions: We found weak evidence of an association between daily ultrafine particles and mortality. Further studies are required with standardized protocols for ultrafine particle data collection in multiple European cities over extended study periods.

AB - Background: Epidemiologic evidence on the association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality is weak, due to the lack of routine measurements of these particles and standardized multicenter studies. We investigated the relationship between ultrafine particles and particulate matter (PM) and daily mortality in eight European urban areas. Methods: We collected daily data on nonaccidental and cardiorespiratory mortality, particle number concentrations (as proxy for ultrafine particle number concentration), fine and coarse PM, gases and meteorologic parameters in eight urban areas of Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Greece, between 1999 and 2013. We applied city-specific time-series Poisson regression models and pooled them with random-effects meta-analysis. Results: We estimated a weak, delayed association between particle number concentration and nonaccidental mortality, with mortality increasing by approximately 0.35% per 10,000 particles/cm 3 increases in particle number concentration occurring 5 to 7 days before death. A similar pattern was found for cause-specific mortality. Estimates decreased after adjustment for fine particles (PM 2.5) or nitrogen dioxide (NO 2). The stronger association found between particle number concentration and mortality in the warmer season (1.14% increase) became null after adjustment for other pollutants. Conclusions: We found weak evidence of an association between daily ultrafine particles and mortality. Further studies are required with standardized protocols for ultrafine particle data collection in multiple European cities over extended study periods.

U2 - 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000599

DO - 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000599

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 27922535

SN - 1044-3983

VL - 28

SP - 172

EP - 180

JO - Epidemiology

JF - Epidemiology

IS - 2

ER -

Association between short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality in eight European urban areas

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