Assessing effect of wind tunnel sizes on air velocity and concentration boundary layers and on ammonia emission estimation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)

TY - JOUR

T1 - Assessing effect of wind tunnel sizes on air velocity and concentration boundary layers and on ammonia emission estimation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)

AU - Saha, Chayan Kumer

AU - Wu, Wentao

AU - Zhang, Guoqiang

AU - Bjerg, Bjarne Schmidt

PY - 2011/8

Y1 - 2011/8

N2 - The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different geometric sizes of wind tunnels on aerial boundary layers above the emission surface and therefore their effect on ammonia emission using CFD tool. Five wind tunnels of different sizes were used for the CFD simulation. Detail experimental measurements on air velocity and concentration profiles above the emission surface were realised using average inlet velocities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4ms-1 in two wind tunnels under isothermal condition. The TAN (Total Ammoniacal Nitrogen) and pH of ammonia aqueous solution were kept constant during the experiments. The boundary conditions necessary for the CFD study were obtained from the measured experimental data. The CFD model used for simulations was first validated using the data from the two wind tunnel experiments. For assessing the effects of wind tunnel size, the air velocity range of 0.1-0.6ms-1 was used in CFD investigations. It was found that the velocity and concentration boundary layer thickness decreased with the increase of inlet air velocity where the concentration boundary was thinner than the corresponding velocity boundary layer. Wind tunnel sizes affected both velocity and concentration boundary layer thicknesses (P<0.001). The velocity and concentration boundary layer was thicker in a wind tunnel with larger heights than in small height. The over estimation of ammonia emission of smaller wind tunnels were observed comparing to the largest wind tunnel or open field situation (P<0.001). Non-linear regression equations were developed using four wind tunnels data for velocity boundary layer thickness (δu), concentration boundary layer thickness (δc), and ammonia mass transfer coefficient (kG) as a function of wind tunnel height (H) and average inlet velocity (um), which given clear quantitative indication of effects of H, and um on δu, δc, and kG, respectively.

AB - The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different geometric sizes of wind tunnels on aerial boundary layers above the emission surface and therefore their effect on ammonia emission using CFD tool. Five wind tunnels of different sizes were used for the CFD simulation. Detail experimental measurements on air velocity and concentration profiles above the emission surface were realised using average inlet velocities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4ms-1 in two wind tunnels under isothermal condition. The TAN (Total Ammoniacal Nitrogen) and pH of ammonia aqueous solution were kept constant during the experiments. The boundary conditions necessary for the CFD study were obtained from the measured experimental data. The CFD model used for simulations was first validated using the data from the two wind tunnel experiments. For assessing the effects of wind tunnel size, the air velocity range of 0.1-0.6ms-1 was used in CFD investigations. It was found that the velocity and concentration boundary layer thickness decreased with the increase of inlet air velocity where the concentration boundary was thinner than the corresponding velocity boundary layer. Wind tunnel sizes affected both velocity and concentration boundary layer thicknesses (P<0.001). The velocity and concentration boundary layer was thicker in a wind tunnel with larger heights than in small height. The over estimation of ammonia emission of smaller wind tunnels were observed comparing to the largest wind tunnel or open field situation (P<0.001). Non-linear regression equations were developed using four wind tunnels data for velocity boundary layer thickness (δu), concentration boundary layer thickness (δc), and ammonia mass transfer coefficient (kG) as a function of wind tunnel height (H) and average inlet velocity (um), which given clear quantitative indication of effects of H, and um on δu, δc, and kG, respectively.

U2 - 10.1016/j.compag.2011.05.011

DO - 10.1016/j.compag.2011.05.011

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0168-1699

VL - 78

SP - 49

EP - 60

JO - Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

JF - Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

IS - 1

ER -