Anti-parasite treatment and blood biochemistry in raptor nestlings

Sveinn Are Hanssen; Christian Sonne; Jan Ove Bustnes; Lisbeth Schnug; Sophie Bourgeon; Manuel Ballesteros; Igor Eulaers; Truls Moum; Trond Vidar Johnsen; Mads Kjelgaard-Hansen; Dorte Herzke; Veerle L.B. Jaspers; Adrian Covaci; Marcel Eens; Duncan J. Halley; Kjell Einar Erikstad; Rolf Anker Ims

doi:10.1139/cjz-2016-0040

Anti-parasite treatment and blood biochemistry in raptor nestlings

Sveinn Are Hanssen^*, Christian Sonne, Jan Ove Bustnes, Lisbeth Schnug, Sophie Bourgeon, Manuel Ballesteros, Igor Eulaers, Truls Moum, Trond Vidar Johnsen, Mads Kjelgaard-Hansen, Dorte Herzke, Veerle L.B. Jaspers, Adrian Covaci, Marcel Eens, Duncan J. Halley, Kjell Einar Erikstad, Rolf Anker Ims

^*Corresponding author for this work

Abstract

We investigated the effects of parasite removal on various blood clinical–chemical variables (BCCVs). BCCVs are indicators of health, reflecting, e.g., homeostasis of liver, kidney function, and bone metabolism. The study was conducted in Norway on chicks of two predatory birds: White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla (L., 1758)) and Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis (L., 1758)). Chicks were treated against both endoparasites (internal parasites) and ectoparasites (external parasites). We treated against ectoparasites by spraying nests with pyrethrins. Within nests, chicks were randomly treated with either an antihelminthic medication (fenbendazole) or sterile water (controls). Treatment against either ectoparasites or endoparasites led to higher levels of the bone and liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase. Bilirubin levels were lower when treated against ectoparasites, whereas bile acids were higher. Anti-endoparasite treatment led to higher creatinine levels. In Northern Goshawks, treating against endoparasites led to higher urea levels and lower potassium levels. Treatment against ectoparasites increased uric acid and urea levels and reduced bilirubin levels and protein:creatinine ratios. In conclusion, anti-parasite treatments led to changes in several BCCVs, suggesting differences in nutrient absorption and physiological state of chicks that are possibly related to the costs of parasitism, but maybe also to the parasite treatment itself.

Original language	English
Journal	Canadian Journal of Zoology
Volume	95
Issue number	9
Pages (from-to)	685-693
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0008-4301
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0040
Publication status	Published - 2017

Keywords

BCCVs
Blood clinical–chemical variables
Cost of parasitism
Northern Goshawk
Raptor
White-tailed Eagle

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10.1139/cjz-2016-0040

http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2464235Licence: CC BY

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Hanssen, S. A., Sonne, C., Bustnes, J. O., Schnug, L., Bourgeon, S., Ballesteros, M., Eulaers, I., Moum, T., Johnsen, T. V., Kjelgaard-Hansen, M., Herzke, D., Jaspers, V. L. B., Covaci, A., Eens, M., Halley, D. J., Erikstad, K. E., & Ims, R. A. (2017). Anti-parasite treatment and blood biochemistry in raptor nestlings. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 95(9), 685-693. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0040

Hanssen, SA, Sonne, C, Bustnes, JO, Schnug, L, Bourgeon, S, Ballesteros, M, Eulaers, I, Moum, T, Johnsen, TV, Kjelgaard-Hansen, M, Herzke, D, Jaspers, VLB, Covaci, A, Eens, M, Halley, DJ, Erikstad, KE & Ims, RA 2017, 'Anti-parasite treatment and blood biochemistry in raptor nestlings', Canadian Journal of Zoology, vol. 95, no. 9, pp. 685-693. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0040

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abstract = "We investigated the effects of parasite removal on various blood clinical–chemical variables (BCCVs). BCCVs are indicators of health, reflecting, e.g., homeostasis of liver, kidney function, and bone metabolism. The study was conducted in Norway on chicks of two predatory birds: White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla (L., 1758)) and Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis (L., 1758)). Chicks were treated against both endoparasites (internal parasites) and ectoparasites (external parasites). We treated against ectoparasites by spraying nests with pyrethrins. Within nests, chicks were randomly treated with either an antihelminthic medication (fenbendazole) or sterile water (controls). Treatment against either ectoparasites or endoparasites led to higher levels of the bone and liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase. Bilirubin levels were lower when treated against ectoparasites, whereas bile acids were higher. Anti-endoparasite treatment led to higher creatinine levels. In Northern Goshawks, treating against endoparasites led to higher urea levels and lower potassium levels. Treatment against ectoparasites increased uric acid and urea levels and reduced bilirubin levels and protein:creatinine ratios. In conclusion, anti-parasite treatments led to changes in several BCCVs, suggesting differences in nutrient absorption and physiological state of chicks that are possibly related to the costs of parasitism, but maybe also to the parasite treatment itself.",

keywords = "BCCVs, Blood clinical–chemical variables, Cost of parasitism, Northern Goshawk, Raptor, White-tailed Eagle",

author = "Hanssen, {Sveinn Are} and Christian Sonne and Bustnes, {Jan Ove} and Lisbeth Schnug and Sophie Bourgeon and Manuel Ballesteros and Igor Eulaers and Truls Moum and Johnsen, {Trond Vidar} and Mads Kjelgaard-Hansen and Dorte Herzke and Jaspers, {Veerle L.B.} and Adrian Covaci and Marcel Eens and Halley, {Duncan J.} and Erikstad, {Kjell Einar} and Ims, {Rolf Anker}",

year = "2017",

doi = "10.1139/cjz-2016-0040",

language = "English",

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T1 - Anti-parasite treatment and blood biochemistry in raptor nestlings

AU - Hanssen, Sveinn Are

AU - Sonne, Christian

AU - Bustnes, Jan Ove

AU - Schnug, Lisbeth

AU - Bourgeon, Sophie

AU - Ballesteros, Manuel

AU - Eulaers, Igor

AU - Moum, Truls

AU - Johnsen, Trond Vidar

AU - Kjelgaard-Hansen, Mads

AU - Herzke, Dorte

AU - Jaspers, Veerle L.B.

AU - Covaci, Adrian

AU - Eens, Marcel

AU - Halley, Duncan J.

AU - Erikstad, Kjell Einar

AU - Ims, Rolf Anker

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - We investigated the effects of parasite removal on various blood clinical–chemical variables (BCCVs). BCCVs are indicators of health, reflecting, e.g., homeostasis of liver, kidney function, and bone metabolism. The study was conducted in Norway on chicks of two predatory birds: White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla (L., 1758)) and Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis (L., 1758)). Chicks were treated against both endoparasites (internal parasites) and ectoparasites (external parasites). We treated against ectoparasites by spraying nests with pyrethrins. Within nests, chicks were randomly treated with either an antihelminthic medication (fenbendazole) or sterile water (controls). Treatment against either ectoparasites or endoparasites led to higher levels of the bone and liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase. Bilirubin levels were lower when treated against ectoparasites, whereas bile acids were higher. Anti-endoparasite treatment led to higher creatinine levels. In Northern Goshawks, treating against endoparasites led to higher urea levels and lower potassium levels. Treatment against ectoparasites increased uric acid and urea levels and reduced bilirubin levels and protein:creatinine ratios. In conclusion, anti-parasite treatments led to changes in several BCCVs, suggesting differences in nutrient absorption and physiological state of chicks that are possibly related to the costs of parasitism, but maybe also to the parasite treatment itself.

AB - We investigated the effects of parasite removal on various blood clinical–chemical variables (BCCVs). BCCVs are indicators of health, reflecting, e.g., homeostasis of liver, kidney function, and bone metabolism. The study was conducted in Norway on chicks of two predatory birds: White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla (L., 1758)) and Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis (L., 1758)). Chicks were treated against both endoparasites (internal parasites) and ectoparasites (external parasites). We treated against ectoparasites by spraying nests with pyrethrins. Within nests, chicks were randomly treated with either an antihelminthic medication (fenbendazole) or sterile water (controls). Treatment against either ectoparasites or endoparasites led to higher levels of the bone and liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase. Bilirubin levels were lower when treated against ectoparasites, whereas bile acids were higher. Anti-endoparasite treatment led to higher creatinine levels. In Northern Goshawks, treating against endoparasites led to higher urea levels and lower potassium levels. Treatment against ectoparasites increased uric acid and urea levels and reduced bilirubin levels and protein:creatinine ratios. In conclusion, anti-parasite treatments led to changes in several BCCVs, suggesting differences in nutrient absorption and physiological state of chicks that are possibly related to the costs of parasitism, but maybe also to the parasite treatment itself.

KW - BCCVs

KW - Blood clinical–chemical variables

KW - Cost of parasitism

KW - Northern Goshawk

KW - Raptor

KW - White-tailed Eagle

U2 - 10.1139/cjz-2016-0040

DO - 10.1139/cjz-2016-0040

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85029032784

SN - 0008-4301

VL - 95

SP - 685

EP - 693

JO - Canadian Journal of Zoology

JF - Canadian Journal of Zoology

IS - 9

ER -

Anti-parasite treatment and blood biochemistry in raptor nestlings

Abstract

Keywords

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