Analytical sample preparation strategies for the determination of antimalarial drugs in human whole blood, plasma and urine

TY - JOUR

T1 - Analytical sample preparation strategies for the determination of antimalarial drugs in human whole blood, plasma and urine

AU - Casas, Monica Escolà

AU - Hansen, Martin

AU - Krogh, Kristine A

AU - Styrishave, Bjarne

AU - Björklund, Erland

N1 - Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PY - 2014/7/1

Y1 - 2014/7/1

N2 - Antimalarial drugs commonly referred to as antimalarials, include a variety of compounds with different physicochemical properties. There is a lack of information on antimalarial distribution in the body over time after administration, e.g. the drug concentrations in whole blood, plasma, and urine, which must be improved in order to advance curing the parasitic disease malaria. A key problem also lies in that pharmacokinetic studies not always are performed in patient groups that may benefit most of the treatment such as children, pregnancy and lower-weight ethnic populations. Here we review the available sample preparation strategies combined with liquid chromatographic (LC) analysis to determine antimalarials in whole blood, plasma and urine published over the last decade. Sample preparation can be done by protein precipitation, solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction or dilution. After LC separation, the preferred detection tool is tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) but other detection methods have been used e.g. UV, fluorescence and electrochemical detection. Major trends for sample preparation of the different groups of antimalarials for each matrix and its detection have been summarized. Finally, the main problems that the researchers have dealt with are highlighted. This information will aid analytical chemists in the development of novel methods for determining existing antimalarials and upcoming new drugs.

AB - Antimalarial drugs commonly referred to as antimalarials, include a variety of compounds with different physicochemical properties. There is a lack of information on antimalarial distribution in the body over time after administration, e.g. the drug concentrations in whole blood, plasma, and urine, which must be improved in order to advance curing the parasitic disease malaria. A key problem also lies in that pharmacokinetic studies not always are performed in patient groups that may benefit most of the treatment such as children, pregnancy and lower-weight ethnic populations. Here we review the available sample preparation strategies combined with liquid chromatographic (LC) analysis to determine antimalarials in whole blood, plasma and urine published over the last decade. Sample preparation can be done by protein precipitation, solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction or dilution. After LC separation, the preferred detection tool is tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) but other detection methods have been used e.g. UV, fluorescence and electrochemical detection. Major trends for sample preparation of the different groups of antimalarials for each matrix and its detection have been summarized. Finally, the main problems that the researchers have dealt with are highlighted. This information will aid analytical chemists in the development of novel methods for determining existing antimalarials and upcoming new drugs.

U2 - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.048

DO - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.048

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 24911547

SN - 1570-0232

VL - 962

SP - 109

EP - 131

JO - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences

JF - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences

ER -