Abnormal levels of adipokines in adolescent offspring of women with type 1 diabetes - Results from the EPICOM study

TY - JOUR

T1 - Abnormal levels of adipokines in adolescent offspring of women with type 1 diabetes - Results from the EPICOM study

AU - Lohse, Zuzana

AU - Bytoft, Birgitte

AU - Knorr, Sine

AU - Clausen, Tine D

AU - Beck Jensen, Rikke

AU - Beck-Nielsen, Henning

AU - Hermann, Anne Pernille

AU - Oturai, Peter

AU - Frystyk, Jan

AU - Damm, Peter

AU - Gravholt, Claus H

AU - Højlund, Kurt

AU - Jensen, Dorte M

N1 - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PY - 2017/7/1

Y1 - 2017/7/1

N2 - Aims/Hypothesis To investigate long-term consequences of diabetes during pregnancy, we determined adiponectin and leptin levels in adolescents born by women with type 1 diabetic (T1D) or non-diabetic mothers, and determined associations between adiponectin and leptin levels in adolescence and the magnitude of intrauterine hyperglycemia. Research design and methods We measured serum adiponectin and leptin and calculated leptin to adiponectin ratio (LAR) in 271 offspring of T1D women (index offspring) (13–20 years), and 297 matched control offspring. Anthropometry included total body fat (TBF) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and an oral glucose tolerance test. Results Adiponectin levels were lower in index females (− 8.0% (95% CI; − 13.9, − 1.6)), but not in index males (0.4% (95% CI; − 7.3, 8.6)). Leptin levels were approximately 30% higher in index than control offspring, irrespective of gender. In males, this was seen despite similar TBF in index and control offspring. LAR was increased in index offspring (both males and females) compared with control offspring. There were no association between offspring adiponectin and maternal HbA1c levels in pregnancy. Leptin and LAR seemed to be associated with third trimester HbA1c levels in females in unadjusted, but not adjusted analyses. Conclusion Male and female offspring of women with T1D demonstrated increased serum leptin and LAR, whereas serum adiponectin was reduced in females only. These results suggest that abnormal regulation of adipokines is a consequence of being born to mothers with T1D. No direct association between maternal glycemic control and adiponectin and leptin levels or LAR in the adolescence was found.

AB - Aims/Hypothesis To investigate long-term consequences of diabetes during pregnancy, we determined adiponectin and leptin levels in adolescents born by women with type 1 diabetic (T1D) or non-diabetic mothers, and determined associations between adiponectin and leptin levels in adolescence and the magnitude of intrauterine hyperglycemia. Research design and methods We measured serum adiponectin and leptin and calculated leptin to adiponectin ratio (LAR) in 271 offspring of T1D women (index offspring) (13–20 years), and 297 matched control offspring. Anthropometry included total body fat (TBF) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and an oral glucose tolerance test. Results Adiponectin levels were lower in index females (− 8.0% (95% CI; − 13.9, − 1.6)), but not in index males (0.4% (95% CI; − 7.3, 8.6)). Leptin levels were approximately 30% higher in index than control offspring, irrespective of gender. In males, this was seen despite similar TBF in index and control offspring. LAR was increased in index offspring (both males and females) compared with control offspring. There were no association between offspring adiponectin and maternal HbA1c levels in pregnancy. Leptin and LAR seemed to be associated with third trimester HbA1c levels in females in unadjusted, but not adjusted analyses. Conclusion Male and female offspring of women with T1D demonstrated increased serum leptin and LAR, whereas serum adiponectin was reduced in females only. These results suggest that abnormal regulation of adipokines is a consequence of being born to mothers with T1D. No direct association between maternal glycemic control and adiponectin and leptin levels or LAR in the adolescence was found.

KW - Adipokines

KW - Adiponectin

KW - Adolescent

KW - Case-Control Studies

KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

KW - Female

KW - Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated

KW - Humans

KW - Leptin

KW - Male

KW - Mothers

KW - Pregnancy

KW - Pregnancy in Diabetics

KW - Sex Factors

KW - Young Adult

KW - Clinical Trial

KW - Journal Article

U2 - 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.04.002

DO - 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.04.002

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28641783

SN - 0026-0495

VL - 72

SP - 47

EP - 56

JO - Metabolism

JF - Metabolism

ER -