White matter maturation during 12 months in individuals at ultra-high-risk for psychosis

TY - JOUR

T1 - White matter maturation during 12 months in individuals at ultra-high-risk for psychosis

AU - Krakauer, K

AU - Nordentoft, M.

AU - Glenthøj, B.Y.

AU - Raghava, J M

AU - Nordholm, D

AU - Randers, L.

AU - Glenthøj, L B

AU - Ebdrup, B.H.

AU - Rostrup, E.

N1 - © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2018/1

Y1 - 2018/1

N2 - OBJECTIVE: The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of psychosis suggests that disrupted white matter (WM) maturation underlies disease onset. In this longitudinal study, we investigated WM connectivity and compared WM changes between individuals at ultra-high-risk for psychosis (UHR) and healthy controls (HCs).METHOD: Thirty UHR individuals and 23 HCs underwent MR diffusion tensor imaging before and after 12 months of non-manualized standard care. Positive and negative symptoms and level of functioning were assessed. Tract-based spatial statistics were employed.RESULTS: During 12 months, none of the UHR individuals transitioned to psychosis. Both UHR individuals and HCs increased significantly in fractional anisotropy (FA). UHR individuals showed significant FA increases predominantly in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) (P = 0.01), and HCs showed significant FA increases in the left uncinate fasciculus (P = 0.03). Within UHR individuals, a significant positive correlation between FA change and age was observed predominantly in the left SLF (P = 0.02). Within HCs, no significant correlation between FA change and age was observed. No significant correlations between baseline FA and clinical outcomes were observed; however, FA changes were significantly positively correlated to changes in negative symptoms (P = 0.04).CONCLUSION: As normal brain maturation occurs in a posterior to frontal direction, our findings could suggest disturbed WM maturation in UHR individuals.

AB - OBJECTIVE: The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of psychosis suggests that disrupted white matter (WM) maturation underlies disease onset. In this longitudinal study, we investigated WM connectivity and compared WM changes between individuals at ultra-high-risk for psychosis (UHR) and healthy controls (HCs).METHOD: Thirty UHR individuals and 23 HCs underwent MR diffusion tensor imaging before and after 12 months of non-manualized standard care. Positive and negative symptoms and level of functioning were assessed. Tract-based spatial statistics were employed.RESULTS: During 12 months, none of the UHR individuals transitioned to psychosis. Both UHR individuals and HCs increased significantly in fractional anisotropy (FA). UHR individuals showed significant FA increases predominantly in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) (P = 0.01), and HCs showed significant FA increases in the left uncinate fasciculus (P = 0.03). Within UHR individuals, a significant positive correlation between FA change and age was observed predominantly in the left SLF (P = 0.02). Within HCs, no significant correlation between FA change and age was observed. No significant correlations between baseline FA and clinical outcomes were observed; however, FA changes were significantly positively correlated to changes in negative symptoms (P = 0.04).CONCLUSION: As normal brain maturation occurs in a posterior to frontal direction, our findings could suggest disturbed WM maturation in UHR individuals.

KW - Adolescent

KW - Adult

KW - Anisotropy

KW - Brain/diagnostic imaging

KW - Case-Control Studies

KW - Diffusion Tensor Imaging

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Longitudinal Studies

KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging

KW - Male

KW - Prodromal Symptoms

KW - Psychotic Disorders/diagnostic imaging

KW - Risk

KW - White Matter/diagnostic imaging

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.1111/acps.12835

DO - 10.1111/acps.12835

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29143980

SN - 0001-690X

VL - 137

SP - 65

EP - 78

JO - Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

JF - Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

IS - 1

ER -