Vitamin D, cardiovascular disease and risk factors

TY - CHAP

T1 - Vitamin D, cardiovascular disease and risk factors

AU - Skaaby, Tea

AU - Thuesen, Betina H.

AU - Linneberg, Allan

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - Observational studies have suggested a possible protective role of vitamin D on the cardiovascular system. The available evidence does not support either cardiovascular benefits or harms of vitamin D supplementation. This chapter provides an overview and discussion of the current knowledge of vitamin D effects from a cardiovascular health perspective. It focuses on vitamin D in relation to cardiovascular disease, i.e. ischemic heart disease, and stroke; the traditional cardiovascular risk factors hypertension, abnormal blood lipids, obesity; and the emerging risk factors hyperparathyroidism, microalbuminuria, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Meta-analyses of observational studies have largely found vitamin D levels to be inversely associated with cardiovascular risk and disease. However, Mendelian randomization studies and randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) have not been able to consistently replicate the observational findings. Several RCTs are ongoing, and the results from these are needed to clarify whether vitamin D deficiency is a causal and reversible factor to prevent cardiovascular disease.

AB - Observational studies have suggested a possible protective role of vitamin D on the cardiovascular system. The available evidence does not support either cardiovascular benefits or harms of vitamin D supplementation. This chapter provides an overview and discussion of the current knowledge of vitamin D effects from a cardiovascular health perspective. It focuses on vitamin D in relation to cardiovascular disease, i.e. ischemic heart disease, and stroke; the traditional cardiovascular risk factors hypertension, abnormal blood lipids, obesity; and the emerging risk factors hyperparathyroidism, microalbuminuria, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Meta-analyses of observational studies have largely found vitamin D levels to be inversely associated with cardiovascular risk and disease. However, Mendelian randomization studies and randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) have not been able to consistently replicate the observational findings. Several RCTs are ongoing, and the results from these are needed to clarify whether vitamin D deficiency is a causal and reversible factor to prevent cardiovascular disease.

KW - Cardiovascular disease

KW - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

KW - Diabetes

KW - Fatty liver disease

KW - Hypercholesterolemia

KW - Hyperparathyroidism

KW - Hypertension

KW - Microalbuminuria

KW - Obesity

KW - Vitamin D

UR - https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-56017-5_18

M3 - Book chapter

AN - SCOPUS:85033698717

SN - 978-3-319-56016-8

VL - 996

T3 - Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

SP - 221

EP - 230

BT - Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment

A2 - Ahmad, Shamim I.

PB - Springer New York LLC

ER -