Abstract
The BH3-only protein NOXA represents one of the critical mediators of DNA-damage-induced cell death. In particular, its involvement in cellular responses to cancer chemotherapy is increasingly evident. Here, we identify a strategy of cancer cells to escape genotoxic chemotherapy by increasing proteasomal degradation of NOXA. We show that the deubiquitylating enzyme UCH-L1 is a key regulator of NOXA turnover, which protects NOXA from proteasomal degradation by removing Lys48-linked polyubiquitin chains. In the majority of tumors from patients with melanoma or colorectal cancer suffering from high rates of chemoresistance, NOXA fails to accumulate because UCH-L1 expression is epigenetically silenced. Whereas UCH-L1/NOXA-positive tumor samples exhibit increased sensitivity to genotoxic chemotherapy, downregulation of UCH-L1 or inhibition of its deubiquitylase activity resulted in reduced NOXA stability and resistance to genotoxic chemotherapy in both human and C. elegans cells. Our data identify the UCH-L1/NOXA interaction as a therapeutic target for overcoming cancer chemoresistance. Tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy continues to pose a challenge in anticancer therapy. NOXA is an important mediator of cell death in response to chemotherapy. Here, Kashkar and colleagues identify a strategy of cancer cells for escaping DNA-damaging chemotherapy by increasing turnover of NOXA. They further demonstrate that UCH-L1, which is silenced in numerous tumors, stabilizes NOXA by protecting it from degradation and thus identify the interaction of UCH-L1 and NOXA as a promising therapeutic target for overcoming chemoresistance in cancer.
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
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Tidsskrift | Cell Reports |
Vol/bind | 3 |
Udgave nummer | 3 |
Sider (fra-til) | 881-91 |
Antal sider | 11 |
ISSN | 2211-1247 |
DOI | |
Status | Udgivet - 28 mar. 2013 |