The origin of the isolated population of the Faroe Islands investigated using Y chromosomal markers

TY - JOUR

T1 - The origin of the isolated population of the Faroe Islands investigated using Y chromosomal markers

AU - Jorgensen, Tove H

AU - Buttenschön, Henriette N

AU - Wang, August G

AU - Als, Thomas D

AU - Børglum, Anders D

AU - Ewald, Henrik

N1 - Keywords: Atlantic Islands; Chromosomes, Human, Y; Gene Pool; Genetics, Population; Haplotypes; Humans; Iceland; Ireland; Male; Microsatellite Repeats; Phylogeny; Scandinavia; Scotland

PY - 2004

Y1 - 2004

N2 - Historical, archaeological and linguistic sources suggest that the ancestors of the present day population in the Faroe Islands may have their origin in several different regions surrounding the North Atlantic Ocean. In this study we use binary and microsatellite markers of the Y chromosome to analyse genetic diversity in the Faroese population and to compare this with the distribution of genotypes in the putative ancestral populations. Using a combination of genetic distance measures, assignment and phylogenetic analyses, we find a high degree of similarity between the Faroese Y chromosomes and the Norwegian, Swedish and Icelandic Y chromosomes but also some similarity with the Scottish and Irish Y chromosomes. Diversity measures and estimates of effective population sizes also suggest that the original gene pool of the settlers have been influenced by random genetic drift, thus complicating direct comparisons with other populations. No extensive immigration from Iceland to the Faroe Islands can be documented in the historical record. We therefore hypothesise that the high degree of Y chromosome similarity between the two populations arose because they were colonised at approximately the same time by males originating from the same regions of Scandinavia and, to a lesser extent, from the British Isles.

AB - Historical, archaeological and linguistic sources suggest that the ancestors of the present day population in the Faroe Islands may have their origin in several different regions surrounding the North Atlantic Ocean. In this study we use binary and microsatellite markers of the Y chromosome to analyse genetic diversity in the Faroese population and to compare this with the distribution of genotypes in the putative ancestral populations. Using a combination of genetic distance measures, assignment and phylogenetic analyses, we find a high degree of similarity between the Faroese Y chromosomes and the Norwegian, Swedish and Icelandic Y chromosomes but also some similarity with the Scottish and Irish Y chromosomes. Diversity measures and estimates of effective population sizes also suggest that the original gene pool of the settlers have been influenced by random genetic drift, thus complicating direct comparisons with other populations. No extensive immigration from Iceland to the Faroe Islands can be documented in the historical record. We therefore hypothesise that the high degree of Y chromosome similarity between the two populations arose because they were colonised at approximately the same time by males originating from the same regions of Scandinavia and, to a lesser extent, from the British Isles.

U2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00439-004-1117-7

DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00439-004-1117-7

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0340-6717

VL - 115

SP - 19

EP - 28

JO - Human Genetics

JF - Human Genetics

IS - 1

ER -