The influence of maternal obesity and breastfeeding on infant appetite- and growth-related hormone concentrations: The SKOT Cohort Studies

TY - JOUR

T1 - The influence of maternal obesity and breastfeeding on infant appetite- and growth-related hormone concentrations

T2 - The SKOT Cohort Studies

AU - Larnkjær, Anni

AU - Ong, Ken K

AU - Carlsen, Emma M

AU - Ejlerskov, Katrine Tschentscher

AU - Mølgaard, Christian

AU - Michaelsen, Kim F.

N1 - CURIS 2018 NEXS 249

PY - 2018/9/1

Y1 - 2018/9/1

N2 - Background/Aims: Exposure to obesity during pregnancy may lead to adverse changes in the offspring's metabolic profile. We compared appetite- and growth-related hormones in a cohort of infants born to obese mothers (SKOT-II) with infants born mainly to nonobese mothers (SKOT-I).Methods: Infants from SKOT-I (n = 273) and SKOT-II (n = 132) were examined including anthropometric measurements and blood samples analyzed for glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), adiponectin, and leptin. Information on breastfeeding and parental characteristics were also collected.Results: At 9 months of age, SKOT-II infants were 3.6% heavier and 1.2% longer than SKOT-I infants even though their mothers were shorter. There was no difference in body mass index (BMI). SKOT-II infants had higher levels of insulin, adiponectin, and leptin but lower levels of IGF-I compared to SKOT-I infants (all p ≤ 0.015). These differences remained, except for leptin, when adjusted for current weight. Breastfeeding versus nonbreastfeeding at 9 months was associated with lower concentrations of all hormones (all p ≤ 0.003). In adjusted models, maternal BMI at 9 months was positively associated with insulin and adiponectin and negatively with IGF-I.Conclusions: Pre-pregnancy obesity confers symmetrically larger infant body size and higher levels of most growth- and appetite-related hormones but surprisingly lower levels of IGF-I, suggesting other possible infant growth-promoting effects through insulin.

AB - Background/Aims: Exposure to obesity during pregnancy may lead to adverse changes in the offspring's metabolic profile. We compared appetite- and growth-related hormones in a cohort of infants born to obese mothers (SKOT-II) with infants born mainly to nonobese mothers (SKOT-I).Methods: Infants from SKOT-I (n = 273) and SKOT-II (n = 132) were examined including anthropometric measurements and blood samples analyzed for glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), adiponectin, and leptin. Information on breastfeeding and parental characteristics were also collected.Results: At 9 months of age, SKOT-II infants were 3.6% heavier and 1.2% longer than SKOT-I infants even though their mothers were shorter. There was no difference in body mass index (BMI). SKOT-II infants had higher levels of insulin, adiponectin, and leptin but lower levels of IGF-I compared to SKOT-I infants (all p ≤ 0.015). These differences remained, except for leptin, when adjusted for current weight. Breastfeeding versus nonbreastfeeding at 9 months was associated with lower concentrations of all hormones (all p ≤ 0.003). In adjusted models, maternal BMI at 9 months was positively associated with insulin and adiponectin and negatively with IGF-I.Conclusions: Pre-pregnancy obesity confers symmetrically larger infant body size and higher levels of most growth- and appetite-related hormones but surprisingly lower levels of IGF-I, suggesting other possible infant growth-promoting effects through insulin.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Pre-pregnancy obesity

KW - Infancy

KW - Insulin

KW - IGF-I

KW - Appetite

KW - Hormones

U2 - 10.1159/000490114

DO - 10.1159/000490114

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29961064

SN - 1663-2818

VL - 90

SP - 28

EP - 38

JO - Hormone Research in Paediatrics

JF - Hormone Research in Paediatrics

IS - 1

ER -